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The visual system and paleoecology of the Silurian ostracod Primitiopsis planifrons

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

Gengo Tanaka ,
David J. Siveter  and
Andrew R. Parker
Gengo Tanaka
Affiliation:
1Gunma Museum of Natural History, 1674-1 Kamikuroiwa, Tomioka, Gunma, 370-2345, Japan,
David J. Siveter
Affiliation:
2Department of Geology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
Andrew R. Parker
Affiliation:
3Department of Zoology, the Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK 4Department of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Abstract

Here we report the first detailed reconstruction of the eye and visual system of a Paleozoic ostracod, namely the dimorphic primitiopsid (Palaeocopa) Primitiopsis planifrons Jones, 1887. Evidence from the cuticular lens morphology and its position on the valve suggests that P. planifrons had a naupliar eye, which is the most common optical system in crustaceans. the characters of the eye, such as the separated cuticular lens on each valve and the strongly calcified nature of the lens and its diameter, are concordant with that of some Recent podocopid ostracods in which a divided type of naupliar eye is present. Ray tracing of the reconstructed cuticular lens of the primitiopsid species demonstrates strong spherical aberration and a very long focal length (as in the eye of podocopids), which implies the presence of a spherical mirror (tapetum) below the lens. Study of the ontogenetic change of the valve thickness aids the suggestion that P. planifrons was nektobenthic. the size of its cuticular lens in relation to that of living podocopid ostracods, and the water depth at which these Recent forms occur, indicates that P. planifrons may have lived in a relatively shallow, well lit environment such as the deep subtidal zone. These interpretations are consistent with supposed paleoenvironmental conditions derived from geological evidence. Thus, analysis of the nature and relative size of the eye gives an independent test to help identify paleoenvironmental parameters of long extinct ostracods.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 83 , Issue 3 , May 2009 , pp. 414 - 421
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

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