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Summit structures in Mississippian blastoids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

Harold H. Beaver ,
Alexander J. Fabian  and
Mark Palatas
Harold H. Beaver
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798
Alexander J. Fabian
Affiliation:
7016 Jackman Rd., Temperance, Michigan 48182
Mark Palatas
Affiliation:
6307 Six Mile Lane, Louisville, Kentucky 40218
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Abstract

The Mississippian blastoid Pentremites Say, 1820, has three different types of summit structures. Type 1 summits are characterized by long slender plates and are present in upper Meramecian and lower-upper Chesterian beds occurring from Iowa to Alabama. Type 2 summits consist of a massive pyramidal summit composed of large toothlike plates. They occur in lower and middle Chesterian deposits located from Illinois to Kentucky. Type 3 summit structures differ greatly from Types 1 and 2, generally consisting of six to seven rectangular plates arched over each side of individual spiracles. They have been found only in middle Chesterian sediments of Kentucky. In all three types of summit structures, the plates covering the anal spiracle are the most numerous and have a specialized arrangement of plates. Some anal spiracles are covered by alternating small spikelike plates, while others display a distinct anal sac or moundlike structure consisting of many small polygonal plates. Type 2 summits have many similarities with Type 1, and may have been derived from it. Type 3 summits, however, are radically different in type of plates and in their arrangement; their origin is not known. Type 3 summits are very common in the middle Chesterian.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 74 , Issue 2 , March 2000 , pp. 247 - 253
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 2000

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