Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T09:16:18.395Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Re-evaluation of the Palasteriscidae Gregory, 1900, and the early phylogeny of the Asteroidea (Echinodermata)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

Daniel B. Blake
Daniel B. Blake*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Foliaster transversus n. gen. and sp. (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) is assigned to the Ordovician through Devonian family Palasteriscidae; the other genera included in the family are Palasteriscus and Platanaster. Platanaster is redescribed; both it and Foliaster are thought to have been suspension feeders that extended their arms into the water column. Ampullar basins in both were external; there are no podial pores. The strongly petaloid arm of Foliaster with widely separated podial basins is unique.

Two competing phylogenies have been offered for the origin of stelleroids, one treating edrioasteroids as ancestral, the other favoring crinoids. In the latter hypothesis, the Palasteriscidae is the primitive asteroid family, and Platanaster is an example of the first true asteroids. Both hypotheses are here considered to lack adequate support; stelleroid origins remain problematic.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 68 , Issue 1 , January 1994 , pp. 123 - 134
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bather, F. A. 1915. A comparison with the structures of Asterozoa. Geological Magazine, new series, 2:316–322.Google Scholar
de Blainville, H. M. 1830. Zoophytes. Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles. Paris, 60 p.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B. 1981. The new Jurassic sea star genus Eokainaster and comments on life habits and the origins of the modern Asteroidea. Journal of Paleontology, 55:33–46.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B. 1982. Somasteroidea, Asteroidea, and the affinities of Luidia (Platasterias) latiradiata. Palaeontology, 25:167–191.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B. 1984. The Benthopectinidae (Asteroidea: Echinodermata) of the Jurassic of Switzerland. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 77:631–647.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B. 1987. A classification and phylogeny of post-Palaeozoic sea stars (Asteroidea: Echinodermata). Journal of Natural History, 21:481–528.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B. 1990. Paleobiological implications of some Upper Ordovician juvenile asteroids (Echinodermata). Lethaia, 23:347–357.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B., and Guensburg, T. E. 1988. The water vascular system and functional morphology of Paleozoic asteroids. Lethaia, 21:189–206.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B., and Guensburg, T. E. 1993. New Lower and Middle Ordovician stelleroids (Echinodermata) and their bearing on the origins and early history of the stelleroid echinoderms. Journal of Paleontology, 67:103–113.Google Scholar
Blake, D. B., and Zinsmeister, W. J. 1988. Eocene asteroids (Echinodermata) from Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula, p. 489–498. In Feldmann, R. M. and Woodburne, M. O. (eds.), Geology and Paleontology of Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Geological Society of America Memoir 169.Google Scholar
Brun, E. 1976. Ecology and taxonomic position of Henricia oculata Pennant. Thalassia Jugoslavica, 12:51–64.Google Scholar
Chia, F.-S. 1968. The embryology of a brooding starfish, Leptasterias hexactis (Stimpson). Acta Zoologica, 49:355–363.Google Scholar
Clark, A. M., and Downey, M. E. 1992. Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman & Hall, London, 794 p.Google Scholar
Ericsson, J., and Hansson, H. G. 1973. Observations on the feeding biology of Porania pulvillus (O. F. Mueller) from the Swedish west coast. Ophelia, 12:53–58.Google Scholar
Fell, H. B. 1963a. The phylogeny of sea-stars. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B 246:381–435.Google Scholar
Fell, H. B. 1963b. The evolution of echinoderms. Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution, 4518:457–490.Google Scholar
Fell, H. B. 1965. Reply to ancestry of sea-stars by G. M. Philip. Nature, 208:768–769.Google Scholar
Fewkes, J. W. 1888. On the development of calcareous plates of Asterias. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 17:1–56.Google Scholar
Fisher, D. W., Isachsen, Y. W., and Rickard, L. V. 1970. Geologic map of New York, Hudson-Mohawk sheet. New York State Museum and Science Service Map and Chart Series No. 15.Google Scholar
Gale, A. S. 1987. Phylogeny and classification of the Asteroidea (Echinodermata). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 89:107–132.Google Scholar
Gemmill, J. F. 1912. The development of the starfish Solaster endeca Forbes. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 20:1–72.Google Scholar
Gemmill, J. F. 1915. On the ciliation of asteroids, and the question of ciliary nutrition in certain species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1:1–19.Google Scholar
Gemmill, J. F. 1916. Notes on the development of the starfishes Asterias glacilis O. F. M.; Cribrella oculata (Linck) Forbes; Solaster endeca (Retzius) Forbes; Stichaster roseus (O.F.M.) Sars. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 39:1–448.Google Scholar
Gemmill, J. F. 1920. The development of the starfish Crossaster papposus, Mueller and Troschel, Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 64:155–190.Google Scholar
Gislén, T. 1924. Echinoderm studies. Zoologiska Bidrag från Uppsala, 9:1–316.Google Scholar
Gregory, J. W. 1900. The Stelleroidea, p. 237–281. In Lankester, E. R. (ed.), A Treatise on Zoology, Volume 3. A. & C. Black, London.Google Scholar
Hall, J. 1870. Notes of the genus Palaeaster. Twentieth Annual Report of the Regents of the University of the State of New York, p. 282–303. C. van Benthuysen & Sons, Albany. [Moore and Teichert (eds.), 1978, p. T956 noted that “Date printed 1868 in error.”]Google Scholar
Hayashi, R., and Komatsu, M. 1971. On the development of the sea-star, Certonardoa semiregularis (Müller et Troschel) I. Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology, 7:74–80.Google Scholar
Hendler, G. 1978. Development of Amphioplus abditus (Verrill) (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) II. Description and discussion of ophiuroid skeletal ontogeny and homologies. Biological Bulletin, 154:79–95.Google Scholar
Jaekel, O. 1923. Zur Morphogenie der Asterozoa. Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 5:344–350.Google Scholar
Jangoux, M. 1982. Food and feeding mechanisms: Asteroidea, p. 117–160. In Jangoux, M. and Lawrence, J. M. (eds.), Echinoderm Nutrition. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.Google Scholar
Komatsu, M. 1975. Development of the sea-star, Asterina coronata japonica Hayashi. Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology, 11:42–48.Google Scholar
Komatsu, M. 1982. Development of the sea-star Ctenopleura fisheri. Marine Biology, 66:199–205.Google Scholar
Komatsu, M., and Nojima, S. 1985. Development of the seastar Astropecten gisselbrechti Döderlein. Pacific Science, 39:274–282.Google Scholar
Lehmann, W. M. 1957. Die Asterozoen in den Dachschiefern des rheinischen Unterdevons. Hessischen Landesamt für Bodenforschung, Abhandlungen, 21:1–160.Google Scholar
Ludwig, H. 1882. Entwickelungsgeschichte der Asterina gibbosa. Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 37:1–89.Google Scholar
Madsen, F. J. 1966. The Recent sea-star Platasterias and the fossil Somasteroidea. Nature, 209:1367.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C., and Teichert, C. (eds.). 1978. Crinoidea. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part T, Echinodermata 2. Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, 1027 p.Google Scholar
Mortensen, Th. 1938. Contributions to the study of the development and larval forms of echinoderms, IV. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab Biologiske Skrifter 9, Raekke 7:1–59.Google Scholar
Oguro, C. M., Komatsu, M., and Kano, Y. T. 1976. Development and metamorphosis of the sea-star Astropecten scoparius Valenciennes. Biological Bulletin, 151:560–573.Google Scholar
Paul, C. R. C., and Smith, A. B. 1984. The early radiation and phylogeny of echinoderms. Biological Reviews, 46:157–200.Google Scholar
Pawson, D. L. 1976. Some aspects of the biology of deep-sea echinoderms. Thalassia Jugoslavica, 12:287–293.Google Scholar
Philip, G. M. 1965. Ancestry of sea-stars. Nature, 208:766–768.Google Scholar
Schuchert, C. 1915. Revision of Paleozoic Stelleroidea with special reference to North American Asteroidea. Bulletin of the U.S. National Museum, 88:1–312.Google Scholar
Shick, J. M., Edwards, K. C., and Dearborn, J. H. 1981. Physiological ecology of the deposit-feeding sea star Ctenodiscus crispatus: ciliated surfaces and animal-sediment interactions. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 5:165–184.Google Scholar
Siddall, S. E. 1979. Development of ossicles in juveniles of the sea star Echinaster sentus. Bulletin of Marine Science, 29:278–282.Google Scholar
Smith, A. B. 1984. Classification of the Echiondermata. Palaeontology, 27:431–459.Google Scholar
Smith, A. B. 1985. Cambrian eleutherozoan echinoderms and the early diversification of the edrioasteroids. Palaeontology, 28:715–756.Google Scholar
Smith, A. B. 1988a. Fossil evidence for the relationships of extant echionderm classes and their times of divergence, p. 85–97. In Paul, C. R. C. and Smith, A. B. (eds.), Echinoderm Phylogeny and Evolutionary Biology. Oxford University Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
Smith, A. B. 1988b. Patterns of diversification and extinction in early Palaeozoic echionderms. Palaeontology, 31:799–828.Google Scholar
Smith, A. B., and Jell, P. A. 1990. Cambrian edrioasteroids from Australia and the origin of starfishes. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 28:715–778.Google Scholar
Spencer, W. K. 1916. British Palaeozoic Asterozoa. Monographs of the Palaeontological Society, London, p. 57–108.Google Scholar
Spencer, W. K. 1919. British Palaeozoic Asterozoa. Monographs of the Palaeontographical Society, London, p. 169–196.Google Scholar
Spencer, W. K. 1922. British Palaeozoic Asterozoa. Monographs of the Palaeontological Society, London, p. 197–236.Google Scholar
Spencer, W. K. 1951. Early Palaeozoic starfish. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B 235:87–129.Google Scholar
Spencer, W. K., and Wright, C. W. 1966. Asterozoans, p. S4–S107. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part U, Echinodermata 3. Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Stürtz, B. 1886. Beitrag zur Kenntniss palaeozoischer Seesterne. Palaeontographica, 32:75–98.Google Scholar
Stürtz, B. 1890. Neuer Beitrag zur Kenntniss palaeozoischer Seesterner. Palaeontographica, 36:203–247.Google Scholar
Ubaghs, G. 1967. General characters of the Echinodermata, p. S3–S60. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part U, Echinodermata 3. Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Ubaghs, G. 1971. Diversité et spécialisation des plus anciens échinodermes que l'on connaisse. Biological Reviews, 46:157–200.Google Scholar
Ubaghs, G. 1975. Early Paleozoic echinoderms. Annual Review of the Earth and Planetary Sciences, 3:79–97.Google Scholar