Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T10:41:53.811Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Origin and early radiation of terebratuloid brachiopods: thoughts provoked by Prorensselaeria and Nanothyris

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

A. J. Boucot  and
R. A. Wilson
A. J. Boucot
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331-2914
R. A. Wilson
Affiliation:
Mineral Resources Division, Geological Surveys Branch, P.O. Box 6000, Fredericton, N.B. E3B 5H1, Canada
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The ontogenies of Prorensselaeria and Nanothyris, described here for the first time, suggest that Cloud's Dielasmatidae are closely affiliated phylogenetically with Cloud's Centronellidae. This is based on the fact that the type species of Nanothyris goes through an initial mutationellinid (Cloud's Dielasmatidae) growth stage before reaching its adult rensselaerinid (Centronellidae) growth stage. The ontogeny of Prorensselaeria requires that it be transferred from the Globithyrinae (Rhipidothyrididae) to the Mutationellinae (Meganteridae [=Cloud's Dielasmatidae = Stehli's Mutationellidae]). Further consideration of their ontogenies permits the transfer of Meganteris, Meganterella, and Reeftonella to the Meganterinae of the Meganteridae. It is recommended, because of the placement of Meganteris in the Meganterinae, that the term Meganteridae replace Mutationellidae, and Mutationellinae be restricted to costate Meganteridae. The subfamily Adreninae of the Meganteridae (=Stehli's Mutationellidae) is proposed to include Adrenia, Cydimia, Micidus, Sturtella, Barbarothyris, and Lingshanella.

The information developed here permits one to conclude that there are two kinds of families: 1) those generated by directional selection, involving major adaptive radiations, the type generated by quantum evolution in Simpson's sense; and 2) those generated by minor developmental changes, that do not involve major adaptive radiations, although they do result in morphological and biogeographical differences great enough to warrant the erection of families.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 68 , Issue 5 , September 1994 , pp. 1002 - 1025
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alberch, P. 1985. Problems with the interpretation of developmental sequences. Systematic Zoology, 34:46–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, D. T. 1987. Developmental pathways and evolutionary rates, p. 143–155. In Campbell, K. S. W. and Day, M. F. (eds.), Rates of Evolution. Allen & Unwin, London.Google Scholar
Beadle, S. C. 1989. Ontogenic regularity mechanisms, heterochrony, and eccentricity in dendrasterid sand dollars. Paleobiology, 15:205–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blackburn, C. E., Wood, J., and Wallace, H. 1978. Sedimentary rock classification in Precambrian geology reports. Ontario Geological Survey Information Manual 2, 8 p.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J. 1959. Brachiopods of the Lower Devonian rocks at Highland Mills, New York. Journal of Paleontology, 33:727–769.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J. 1960. A new Lower Devonian stropheodontid brachiopod. Journal of Paleontology, 34:483–485.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J. 1975. Evolution and Extinction Rate Controls. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 427 p.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J. 1976. Rates of size increase and of phyletic evolution. Nature, 261:694–696.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boucot, A. J. 1982. Ecostratigraphic framework for the Lower Devonian of the North American Appohimchi Subprovince. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palaeontologie, Abhandlungen, 163:81–121.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J. 1988. Devonian biogeography: an update, p. 211–227. In McMillan, N. J., Embry, A. F., and Glass, D. J. (eds.), Proceedings, 2nd International Symposium on the Devonian System. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 14.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J. 1990. Evolutionary Paleobiology of Behavior and Coevolution. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 725 p.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J., Caster, K. E., Ives, D., and Talent, J. A. 1963. Relationships of a new Lower Devonian terebratuloid (Brachiopoda), from Antarctica. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 46(207):81–151.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J., Field, M. T., Fletcher, R., Forbes, W. H., Naylor, R. S., and Pavlides, L. 1964. Reconaissance bedrock geology of the Presque Isle quadrangle, Maine. Maine Geological Survey, Quadrangle Mapping Series, Number 2, 123 p.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J., and Johnson, J. G. 1967. Paleogeography and correlation of Appalachian Province Lower Devonian sedimentary rocks. Tulsa Geological Society Digest, 3, Symposium Volume, Silurian-Devonian Rocks of Oklahoma and Environs:35–87.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J., and Johnson, J. G. 1979. Pentamerinae (Silurian Brachiopoda). Palaeontographica, Abteilung A, 163:87–129.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J., and Struve, W. 1966. Stringocephalus, ontogeny and distribution. Journal of Paleontology, 40:1349–1364.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J., and Racheboeuf, P. R. 1987a. Paulinella nov. gen., new Devonian terebratuloid (Brachiopoda) from Europe. Géobios, 20:97–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boucot, A. J., and Racheboeuf, P. R. 1987b. New European Paulinella occurrences. Géobios, 20:701.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bublichenko, N. L. 1928. Fauna brakhiopod nizhnego Paleozoya okrestnostei s Sara-Chumishskogo. Izvestii Geologicheskogo Komiteta, 46(8):979–1008.Google Scholar
Chatterton, B. D. E. 1973. Brachiopods of the Murrumbidgee Group, Taemas, New South Wales. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics, Canberra, Bulletin 137, 146 p.Google Scholar
Clarke, J. M. 1908. Early Devonic History of New York and Eastern North America. Part 2. New York State Museum, Memoir 9, 166 p.Google Scholar
Cloud, P. E. Jr. 1942. Terebratuloid brachiopopds of the Silurian and Devonian. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 38, 182 p.Google Scholar
Crouse, G. W. 1978. Geology of head of Clearwater Brook, map-area K-13 (21 J/15). New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources, Mineral Resources Branch, Map Report 77-1, 16 p.Google Scholar
Culotta, E. 1991. How many genes had to change to produce corn? Science, 252:1792–1793.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davies, J. L. 1979. Geological map of northern New Brunswick. New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources, Mineral Resources Branch, Map NR-3.Google Scholar
Durham, J. W. 1966. Clypeasteroids, p. U450–U491. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part U, Echinodermata 3. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Fyffe, L. R. 1982. Geology of Woodstock map area, (sheet 21 J). New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources, Map NR-4.Google Scholar
Fyffe, L. R., and Fricker, A. 1987. Tectonostratigraphic terrane analysis of New Brunswick. Maritime Sediments and Atlantic Geology, 23:113–122.Google Scholar
Garcia-Alcalde, J. L. 1972. Braquiopodos Devonicos de la Cordillera Cantabrica. 2) Genero Xana Garcia-Alcalde, n. gen. Terebratulida, Stringocephalacea. Breviora Geologico Asturica, Ano XVI, No. 1:4–12.Google Scholar
Grabau, A. W. 1932. The Brachiopoda. Part 3. Studies for Students, Science Quarterly National University, Peking, Volume III, No. 2:47–84.Google Scholar
Gratsianova, R. T. 1967. Brakhiopodi i stratigrafiya nizhnego Devona Gornogo Altaya. Institut Geologii i Geofizika, Sibirskoe Otdeleniya, Akademiya Nauk SSSR, 177 p.Google Scholar
Greiner, H. R. 1967. Silurian–Devonian relationships of the Charlo map area, New Brunswick, p. 973–979. In Oswald, D. H. (ed.), International Symposium on the Devonian System, Calgary, Alberta. Alberta Society of Petroleum Geologists, Volume 2.Google Scholar
Hall, J. 1857. Descriptions of Paleozoic fossils. Tenth Annual Report of the Regents of the University of New York, 1857:41–186.Google Scholar
Hall, J., and Clarke, J. M. 1894. An Introduction to the Study of the Genera of Palaeozoic Brachiopoda. Geological Survey of the State of New York, Palaeontology, Volume 8, Part 2, 394 p.Google Scholar
Hallam, A. 1982. Patterns of speciation in Jurassic Gryphaea . Paleobiology, 8:354–366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Isaacson, P. E. 1977. Devonian stratigraphy and brachiopod paleontology of Bolivia, Part B, Spiriferida and Terebratulida. Palaeontographica, Abteilung A, 156:168–217.Google Scholar
Johnson, H. D. 1978. Shallow siliciclastic seas, p. 207–258. In Reading, H. G. (ed.), Sedimentary Environments and Facies. University of Oxford, Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. G. 1972. The Antistrix brachiopod faunule from the Middle Devonian of central Nevada. Journal of Paleontology, 46:120–124.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. G. 1976. Antistrix (Middle Devonian Brachiopod) is a terebratulid. Journal of Paleontology, 50:355–356.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. G., and Murphy, M. A. 1984. Time-rock model for Siluro-Devonian continental shelf, western United States. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 95:1349–1359.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koch, W. F., and Boucot, A. J. 1982. Temperature fluctuations in the Devonian Eastern Americas Realm. Journal of Paleontology, 56:240–243.Google Scholar
Kozlowski, R. 1929. Les Brachiopodes Gothlandiens de la Podolie Polonaise. Palaeontologia Polonica, I, 254 p.Google Scholar
Laubacher, G., Boucot, A. J., and Gray, J. 1982. Additions to Silurian stratigraphy, lithofacies, biogeography and paleontology of Bolivia and southern Peru. Journal of Paleontology, 56:1138–1170.Google Scholar
Lee, H. J., and Noble, J. P. A. 1977. Silurian stratigraphy and depositional environments: Charlo-Upsalquitch Forks area, New Brunswick. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 14:2533–2542.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lenz, A. C., and Johnson, B. D. 1985. Brachiopods of the Garra Formation (Lower Devonian), Wellington Area, New South Wales, Australia: Rhynchonellida, Spiriferida, Terebratulida. Palaeontographica, Abteilung A, 188:71–104.Google Scholar
McGregor, D. C. 1979. Report FI–9–1979–DCM. Eastern Paleontology Section, Geological Survey of Canada.Google Scholar
McGregor, D. C. 1980a. Report FI–16–1980–DCM. Eastern Paleontology Section, Geological Survey of Canada.Google Scholar
McGregor, D. C. 1980b. Report FI–3–1980–DCM. Eastern Paleontology Section, Geological Survey of Canada.Google Scholar
McKinney, M. L., (ed.). 1988. Heterochrony in Evolution. Plenum, New York City, 348 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNamara, K. J. 1988. The abundance of heterochrony in the fossil record, p. 287–327. In McKinney, M. L. (ed.), Heterochrony in Evolution. Plenum, New York City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
En-zhi, Mu, Boucot, A. J., Xu, Chen, and Jia-yu, Rong. 1986. Correlation of the Silurian Rocks of China. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 202, 80 p.Google Scholar
Nicol, D., and Jones, D. S. 1989. Aberrant individuals of Mercenaria: are they hopeful monsters? American Conchologist, 17(3):10–11.Google Scholar
Philip, G. M. 1962. The palaeontology and stratigraphy of the Siluro-Devonian sediments of the Tyers Area, Gippsland, Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, N.S. 75, 2:123–246.Google Scholar
Pickerill, R. K. 1986. Stratigraphy, sedimentology, and structural analysis of the geology of the Tobique Reserve lands with an economic assessment of its geologic resources. Unpublished Report to the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Ottawa, Ontario, 61 p.Google Scholar
Pollock, S. G., Boucot, A. J., and Hall, B. A. 1988. Lower Devonian deltaic sedimentary environments and ecology: examples from the Matagamon Sandstone, northern Maine. Studies in Maine Geology, Maine Geological Survey, 1:81–99.Google Scholar
Raymond, P. E. 1923. New fossils from the Chapman Sandstone. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 37:467–472.Google Scholar
Rickard, L. V., Oliver, W. A. Jr., and Laporte, L. F. 1963. Stratigraphy, facies changes and paleoecology of the Lower Devonian Helderberg Limestones and the Middle Devonian Onondaga Limestone. Guidebook—Field Trip Number 1, Mohawk and Central Hudson Valleys, New York, November 16–17, 1963, Geological Society of America, 30 p.Google Scholar
Rodgers, J. 1970. The Tectonics of the Appalachians. Wiley-Interscience, New York City, 277 p.Google Scholar
Jiayu, Rong, and Xuechang, Yang. 1981. Middle and late Early Silurian brachiopod faunas in southwest China. Memoirs of Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, No. 13:163–270.Google Scholar
Roy, D. C., and Mencher, E. 1976. Ordovician and Silurian stratigraphy of northeastern Aroostook County, Maine. Geological Society of America, Memoir 148:25–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
St. Peter, C. J. 1978a. Geology of parts of Restigouche, Victoria and Madawaska Counties, northwestern New Brunswick. New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources, Report of Investigation 17, 69 p.Google Scholar
St. Peter, C. J. 1978b. Geology of the head of Wapske River map area J-13 (21 J/14). New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources, Mineral Resources Branch, Map Report 78-1, 24 p.Google Scholar
St. Peter, C. J. 1979. Geology of the Wapske-Odell River-Arthurette region, New Brunswick. Map areas I–13, I–14, H–14 (parts of 21 J/11, 21 J/12, 21 J/13, 21 J/14). New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources, Mineral Resources Branch, Map Report 79-2, 32 p.Google Scholar
St. Peter, C. J. 1982. Geology of Juniper-Knowlesville-Carlisle area, New Brunswick. New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources, Map Report 82-1, 82 p.Google Scholar
Savage, N. M. 1971. Brachiopods from the Lower Devonian Mandagery Park Formation, New South Wales. Palaeontology, 14:387–422.Google Scholar
Savage, N. M. 1973. Lower Devonian conodonts from New South Wales. Palaeontology, 16:307–333.Google Scholar
Schuchert, C., and Levene, C. M. 1929. Brachiopoda. In Pompeckj, J. F., (ed.), Fossilium Catalogus, Animalia, Pars 42, 140 p.Google Scholar
Simpson, G. G. 1953. The Major Features of Evolution. Columbia University Press, New York City, 434 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skinner, R. 1974. Geology of the Tuadook Lake map-area, New Brunswick (21 J/15). Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 74–33, 9 p.Google Scholar
Soja, C. M. 1988. Lower Devonian (Emsian) brachiopods from southeastern Alaska, U.S.A. Palaeontographica, Abteilung A, 201:121–193.Google Scholar
Stehli, F. G. 1965. Paleozoic Terebratulida, p. H730–H762. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Pt. H, Brachiopoda, Volume 2. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Stenzel, H. B. 1971. Oysters, p. N953–N1224. In Moore, R. C. and Teichert, C. (eds.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Pt. N, Bivalvia, Volume 3. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Stringer, P., and Pickerill, R. K. 1980. Structure and sedimentology of Siluro-Devonian between Edmundston and Grand Falls, New Brunswick, p. 262–277. In Roy, D. C. and Naylor, R. S. (eds.), A Guidebook to the Geology of Northeastern Maine and Neighbouring New Brunswick. 72nd Annual Meeting of the New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference.Google Scholar
Thayer, C. W. 1991. Aberrant lophophore suggests punctuated evolution of articulate brachiopods. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, 23:A405.Google Scholar
Yu, Wang, and Jiayu, Rong. 1986. Yukiangian (Early Emsian, Devonian) Brachiopods of the Nanning-Liujing District, Central Guangxi, southern China. Palaeontologica Sinica, Whole Number 172, New Series B, Number 22, Science Press, Beijing, 282 p.Google Scholar
Watson, D. M. S. 1963. On growth stages in branchiosaurs. Palaeontology, 6:540–553.Google Scholar
Williams, A., and Wright, A. D. 1961. The origin of the loop in articulate brachiopods. Palaeontology, 4:149–176.Google Scholar
Williams, H. S., and Breger, C. L. 1916. The Fauna of the Chapman Sandstone of Maine. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 89, 347 p.Google Scholar
Wilson, R. A. 1986. New Denmark Project, p. 61–64. In Abbott, S. A. (ed.), Eleventh Annual Review of Activities, Project Resumes, New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources and Energy, Minerals and Energy Division, Information Circular 86–2.Google Scholar
Wilson, R. A. 1987. New Denmark Project, p. 57–62. In Abbott, S. A. (ed.), Twelfth Annual Review of Activities, Project Resumes, New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources and Energy, Minerals and Energy Division, Information Circular 87–2.Google Scholar
Winchell, N. H., and Schuchert, C. 1892. Preliminary descriptions of new Brachiopoda from the Trenton and Hudson River Groups of Minnesota. American Geologist, 9:284–294.Google Scholar
Han-Kui, Xu, and Zhao-Gui, Yao. 1986. The Lower Devonian and its brachiopods from Lingshan, Guangxi. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 25:169–179.Google Scholar
De-li, Yang. 1977. Brachiopoda, p. 303–470. In De-li, Yang, Shizhao, Ni, Nei-li, Chang, and Ru-xuan, Zhao, Palaeontological Atlas of Central-South China, Pt. 2 for the Late Paleozoic. Geological Publishing House, Beijing.Google Scholar