Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T09:00:57.524Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

New earliest Ordovician trilobite genus Millardicurus: The oldest known hystricurid

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 August 2017

Jonathan M. Adrain  and
Stephen R. Westrop
Jonathan M. Adrain
Affiliation:
Department of Geoscience, University of Iowa, 121 Trowbridge Hall, Iowa City 52242,
Stephen R. Westrop
Affiliation:
Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and School of Geology and Geophysics, University of Oklahoma, Norman 73072,
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Hystricurus millardensis Hintze, 1953 has been recorded widely in Laurentia. Revision on the basis of abundant new silicified topotype material indicates that most of these records are of morphologically distinct, though related, taxa and that a plexus of related species is involved. The new genus Millardicurus, with H. millardensis as type, is proposed for this clade, which also includes two well-documented new species, M. housensis and M. paramillardensis, from the House Formation of western Utah, several named species from Greenland, and several unnamed new species from various parts of Laurentia that have in the past been referred to M. millardensis. Millardicurus is not apparently closely related to younger Skullrockian-Stairsian hystricurids from Laurentia, but may be related to poorly known coeval Siberian Platform species classified in the genus Nyaya Rozova, 1963. Landmark-based geometric morphometric methods comprising principal component analysis of partial warp scores and Goodall's F test of pairwise means indicate significant shape differences among cranidia, librigenae, and pygidia of the House Formation species of Millardicurus.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 80 , Issue 4 , July 2006 , pp. 650 - 671
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adrain, J. M., and Chatterton, B. D. E. 1993. A new rorringtoniid trilobite from the Ludlow of Arctic Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 30:1634–1643.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adrain, J. M., and Westrop, S. R. 2005. Late Cambrian ptychaspidid trilobites from western Utah: Implications for trilobite systematics and biostratigraphy. Geological Magazine, 142:377–398.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adrain, J. M., Lee, D.-C., Westrop, S. R., Chatterton, B. D. E., and Landign, E. 2003. Classification of the trilobite subfamilies Hystri-curinae and Hintzecurinae subfam. nov., with new genera from the Lower Ordovician (Ibexian) of Idaho and Utah. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 48:553–586.Google Scholar
Boyce, W. D. 1989. Early Ordovician trilobite faunas of the Boat Harbour and Catoche Formations (St. George Group) in the Boat Harbour-Cape Norman area, Great Northern Peninsula, western Newfoundland. Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy, Geological Survey Branch, Report, 89–2:1–169.Google Scholar
Bridge, J. 1931. Geology of the Eminence and Cardareva quadrangles. Missouri Bureau of Geology and Mines, 2nd series, 24:1–228.Google Scholar
Bridge, J., and Cloud, P. E. Jr. 1947. New gastropods and trilobites critical in the correlation of Lower Ordovician rocks. American Journal of Science, 245:545–559.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burskii, A. Z. 1970. Ranneordovikskie trilobity sebera Paj-Hoya [Early Ordovician trilobites of central Pai-Khoya], p. 96–138. In Bondareva, V. N. (ed.), Opornyj Razrez Ordovika Paj-Hoya Vajgacha i Yuga Novoj Zemli, Nauchno-Issledovatel'skij Institut Geologii Arktiki, Ministerstva Geologii SSSR, Leningrad. (In Russian) Google Scholar
Cossman, M. 1902. Rectification de nomenclature. Revue Critique de Paléozoologie, 6:52.Google Scholar
Fortey, R. A. 1983. Cambrian-Ordovician trilobites from the boundary beds in western Newfoundland and their phylogenetic significance, p. 179–211. In Briggs, D. E. G. and Lane, P. D. (eds.), Trilobites and Other Early Arthropods. Papers in honour of Professor H. B. Whittington, F. R. S. Special Papers in Palaeontology, 30.Google Scholar
Fortey, R. A., and Peel, J. S. 1989. Stratigraphy and hystricurid trilobites of the Christian Elv Formation (Lower Ordovician) of western North Greenland. Rapport. Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse, 144: 5–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fortey, R. A., Landing, E., and Skevington, D. 1982. Cambrian-Ordovician boundary sections in the Cow Head Group western Newfoundland, p. 95–129. In Bassett, M. G. and Dean, W. T. (eds.), The Cambrian-Ordovician Boundary: Sections, Fossil Distributions, and Correlations. National Museum of Wales, Geological Series, Cardiff.Google Scholar
Gorovcova, N. I., and Semenova, V. S. 1977. Verhnekembrijskie i Nizhneordovikskie trilobity bassejia r. podkamennaya Tunguska, p. 84–98. In Zhuravleva, I. T. and Rozova, A. V. (eds.), Biostratigrafiya i fauna verhnego Kembriya i pogranichnyh s min sloev (Novye dannye po Aziatskoj chasti SSSR). Novosibirsk. (In Russian) Google Scholar
Hintze, L. F. 1953. Lower Ordovician trilobites from westerh Utah and eastern Nevada. Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey Bulletin, 48:1–249.Google Scholar
Hintze, L. F. 1973. Lower and Middle Ordovician stratigraphic sections in the Ibex area, Millard County, Utah. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 20:3–36.Google Scholar
Hu, C.-H. 1973. Description of basal Ordovician trilobites from the Deadwood Formation, northern Black Hills, South Dakota. Proceedings of the Geological Society of China, 16:85–95.Google Scholar
Hupé, P. 1953. Classe des Trilobites, p. 44–246. In Piveteau, J. (ed.), Traité de Paléontologie. Paris.Google Scholar
Ivshin, N. K. 1956. Upper Cambrian Trilobites of Kazakhstan, Pt. 1. Akademii Nauk Kazakhskoe SSR, Alma-Ata, 119 p.Google Scholar
James, N. P., and Stevens, R. K. 1986. Stratigraphy and correlation of the Cambro-Ordovician Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 366:1–143.Google Scholar
Jell, P. A., and Stait, B. 1985. Tremadoc trilobites from the Florentine Valley Formation, Tim Shea Area, Tasmania. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 46:1–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kanygin, A. V., Moskalenko, T. A., and Yadrenkina, A. G. 1988. Ordovician System of the Siberian Platform, p. 1–27. In Ross, R. J. Jr. and Talent, J. A. (eds.), The Ordovician System in most of Russian Asia; correlation charts and explanatory notes. International Union of Geological Sciences Publication No. 26.Google Scholar
Kobayashi, T. 1935. The Briscoia fauna of the late Upper Cambrian in Alaska with descriptions of a few Upper Cambrian trilobites from Montana and Nevada. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography, 12:39–57.Google Scholar
Kobayashi, T. 1936. On the Parabolinella fauna from Province Jujuy, Argentina, with a note on the Olenidae. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography, 13:85–102.Google Scholar
Landing, E., Westrop, S. R., and van Aller Hernick, L. 2003. Uppermost Cambrian-Lower Ordovician faunas and Laurentian platform sequence stratigraphy, eastern New York and Vermont. Journal of Paleontology, 77:78–98.Google Scholar
Loch, J. D., Stitt, J. H., and Miller, J. F. 1999. Trilobite biostratigraphy through the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary interval at Lawson Cove, Ibex, western Utah, U.S.A, p. 13–16. In Quo vadis Ordovician—Short papers of the Eighth International Symposium on the Ordovician System. Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Geologica.Google Scholar
Lochman, C. 1964. Basal Ordovician faunas from the Williston Basin, Montana. Journal of Paleontology, 38:453–476.Google Scholar
Miller, J. E., Evans, K. R., Loch, J. D., Ethington, R. L., and Stitt, J. H. 2001. New lithostratigraphic units in the Notch Peak and House formations (Cambrian-Ordovician), Ibex area, western Millard County, Utah. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 46:35–69.Google Scholar
Miller, J. F., Taylor, M. E., Stitt, J. H., Ethington, R. L., Hintze, L. E., and Taylor, J. F. 1982. Potential Cambrian-Ordovician boundary stratotype sections in the western United States, p. 155–180. In Bassett, M. G. and Dean, W. T. (eds.), The Cambrian-Ordovician Boundary: Sections, Fossils Distributions, and Correlations. National Museum of Wales, Geological Series, Cardiff.Google Scholar
Miller, J. F., Evans, K. R., Loch, J. D., Ethington, R. L., Stitt, J. H., Holmer, L. E., and Popov, L. E. 2003. Stratigraphy of the Sauk III Interval (Cambrian-Ordovician) in the Ibex area, western Millard County, Utah and central Texas. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 47:23–118.Google Scholar
Nicoll, R. S., Miller, J. F., Nowlan, G. S., Repetski, J. E., and Ethington, R. L. 1999. Iapetonudus (new genus) and Iapetognathus Landing, unusual earliest Ordovician multielement conodont taxa and their utility for biostratigraphy. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 44:27–101.Google Scholar
Ogienko, L. V. 1974. Trilobity nizhnego Ordovika, p. 109–130. In Ogienko, L. V., Byalyj, V. I., and Kolosnicyna, G. R. (eds.), Biostratigrafiya Kembrijskih i Ordovikskih Otlozhenij Yuga Sibirskoj Platformy. Nedra, Moscow. (In Russian) Google Scholar
Petrunina, Z. E. 1973. Novye rody i vidy tremadokskikh trilobitov Zapadnoi Sibiri. Novye dannye po geologii i poleznym iskopaemym Zapadnoi Sibiri, 8:59–71. (In Russian) Google Scholar
Poulsen, C. 1927. The Cambrian, Ozarkian and Canadian faunas of Northwest Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland, 70:235–343.Google Scholar
Poulsen, C. 1937. On the Lower Ordovician faunas of East Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland, 119:1–72.Google Scholar
Ross, R. J. Jr. 1951. Stratigraphy of the Garden City Formation in northeastern Utah, and its trilobite faunas. Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, Bulletin, 6:1–161.Google Scholar
Rozova, A. V. 1963. Biostratigrafischeskaya skhema raschleneniya vekhnego i verkhov srednego kembriya severo-zapada Sibirskoi platformy i novye vekhne-kembriiskie trilobity r. kulyumbe. [Biostratigraphic scheme for subdividing Upper and upper part of Middle Cambrian of northwestern Siberian platform and new Upper Cambrian trilobites of the River Kulyumbe area.] Geologiya i Geofizika, 1963(9):3–19. (In Russian) Google Scholar
Rozova, A. V. 1968. Biostratigrafiya i trilobity verknhego kembriya i nizhnego ordovika severo-zapada Sibirskoi Platformy. Trudy Instituta Geologii i Geofiziki. Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Akademiya Nauk SSSR, 36: 1–243. (In Russian) Google Scholar
Rozova, A. V. 1977. Nekotorye verkhnekembriiskie i nizhneordovikskie trilobity basseinov rek Rybnoi, Khantaiki, Kureiki i Letnei, p. 54–84. In Zhuravleva, I. T. and Rozova, A. V. (eds.), Biostratigrafiya i fauna verhnego Kembriya i pogranichnyh s min sloev (Novye dannye po Aziatskoj chasti SSSR). Trudy Instituta Geologii i Geofiziki. Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Akademiya Nauk SSSR. (In Russian) Google Scholar
Shergold, J. H., Feist, R., and Vizcaino, D. 2000. Early Late Cambrian trilobites of Australo-Sinian aspect from the Montagne Noire, southern France. Palaeontology, 43:599–632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stait, B., and Laurie, J. 1980. Lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the Florentine Valley Formation in the Tim Shea area, Southwest Tasmania. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 114: 201–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stitt, J. H. 1971. Late Cambrian and earliest Ordovician trilobites, Timbered Hills and lower Arbuckle groups, western Arbuckle Mountains, Murray County, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin, 110:1–83.Google Scholar
Stitt, J. H. 1977. Late Cambrian and earliest Ordovician trilobites, Wichita Mountains area, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin, 124:1–79.Google Scholar
Stitt, J. H. 1983. Trilobites, biostratigraphy, and lithostratigraphy of the McKenzie Hill Limestone (Lower Ordovician), Wichita and Arbuckle Mountains, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin, 134:1–54.Google Scholar
Stitt, J. H. 2000. Additional information on lowest Ordovician trilobites from the uppermost Deadwood Formation, Black Hills and Bear Lodge Mountains, South Dakota and Wyoming. Journal of Paleontology, 74: 360–362.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, M. E., and Halley, R. B. 1974. Systematics, environment and biogeography of some Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician trilobites from eastern New York State. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper, 834:1–38.Google Scholar
Taylor, M. E., and Landing, E. 1982. Biostratigraphy of the Cambrian-Ordovician transition in the Bear River Range, Utah and Idaho, western United States, p. 181–191. In Bassett, M. G. and Dean, W. T. (eds.), The Cambrian-Ordovician Boundary: Sections, Fossil Distributions, and Correlations. National Museum of Wales, Geological Series.Google Scholar
Walcott, C. D. 1924. Cambrian geology and paleontology, Volume 1— Geological formations of Beaverfoot-Brisco-Stanford Range, British Columbia, Canada. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 75:1–52.Google Scholar
Whittington, H. B., and Kelly, S. R. A. 1997. Morphological terms applied to Trilobita, p. 313–329. In Kaesler, R. L. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Pt. O. Arthropoda 1, Trilobita (revised). Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Winston, D., and Nicholls, H. 1967. Late Cambrian and early Ordovician faunas from the Wilberns Formation of central Texas. Journal of Paleontology, 41:66–96.Google Scholar
Zelditch, M. L., Swiderski, D. L., Sheets, H. D., and Fink, W. L. 2004. Geometric Morphometries for Biologists: A Primer. Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam, 443 p.Google Scholar