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New cyclocystoid (Phylum Echinodermata) from Anticosti Island, Quebec, and its bearing on cyclocystoid life modes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

Alexander Glass ,
William I. Ausich  and
Paul Copper
Alexander Glass
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, 1301 West Green Street, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801,
William I. Ausich
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, 125 South Oval Mall, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210,
Paul Copper
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6,
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Abstract

Nicholsodiscus anticostiensis new genus and species (Mill Bay Member, Vauréal Formation, Rawtheyan, Upper Ordovician) is described from Anticosti Island, Quebec, Canada. Nicholsodiscus anticostiensis n. gen. and sp. is known from two complete specimens preserved in situ with the cupule-bearing side facing toward the bedding surface. Sedimentological, petrographic, and trace fossil evidence suggest that this bedding surface had the consistency of a hardground during the lifetime of the cyclocystoids. This provides the first unequivocal evidence that cyclocystoids lived with their cupule-bearing side (ventral) toward the substratum. A cupules-down orientation results in the ambulacral grooves facing the substratum. Such an orientation excludes suspension-feeding from being a possible feeding mode of the Cyclocystoidea as discussed by Henderson and Shergold (1971).

A third Anticosti Island cyclocystoid specimen of unknown affinities is described from the same locality. Furthermore, a re-examination of the holotype of “Cyclocystoides” raymondi Foerste for purposes of comparison with Nicholsodiscus anticostiensis n. gen. and sp. provided evidence that it is a member of Zygocycloides, albeit with missing interseptal plates.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 77 , Issue 5 , September 2003 , pp. 949 - 957
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society

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