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Linguliform brachiopods from the terminal Cambrian and lowest Ordovician of the Oaxaquia microcontinent (Southern Mexico)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

Michael Streng ,
Barbro B. Mellbin ,
Ed Landing  and
J. Duncan Keppie
Michael Streng
Affiliation:
1Uppsala University, Department of Earth Sciences, Villavägen 16, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden,
Barbro B. Mellbin
Affiliation:
2Uppsala University, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Norbyvägen 18A, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
Ed Landing
Affiliation:
3New York State Museum, 222 Madison Avenue, Albany, New York 12230, USA
J. Duncan Keppie
Affiliation:
4Departamento de Geología Regional, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, D.F., México
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Abstract

Eighteen taxa of linguliform brachiopods, mainly represented by acrotretoids, are reported from the Upper Cambrian (Furongian, Stage 10) and Lower Ordovician (Tremadocian) Tiñu Formation of Oaxaca State, Mexico. At the time of deposition, this area was part of Oaxaquia, which was either a microcontinent or an integral part of the Gondwanan margin. Whereas certain trilobites seem to indicate a Gondwanan affinity, the Tiñu brachiopod faunas show a less definite paleogeographic relationship. Some taxa have previously only been reported from Laurentia (Eurytreta cf. fillmorensis, Eurytreta cf. campaniformis), and one taxon is best known from the Avalon microcontinent (Eurytreta cf. sabrinae). However, the relatively high percentage of new and potentially endemic taxa (Oaxaquiatreta labrifera n. gen. n. sp., Tapuritreta reclinata n. sp., Oaxaquiatreta sp., Eurytreta? n. sp., Acrotretidae n. gen. n. sp., Obolinae gen. and sp. indet.) and the lack of other typical Laurentian, Gondwanan, or Avalonian taxa suggest either a certain degree of insularity of Oaxaquia or reflects a more temperate, unrestricted marine environment during the Early Paleozoic. Other taxa reported from the Tiñu Formation include Semitreta sp., Lingulella? spp., Obolinae gen. and sp. indet., Eoscaphelasma? sp., Ottenbyella? sp. A and sp. B, and Acrotretidae gen. and sp. indet. A, B, and C. Eurytreta and Semitreta are critically reviewed and several taxa previously assigned to them have been excluded. An emended diagnosis for the genus Eurytreta is presented. The presence of delthyrium and notothyrium-like structures in the siphonotretid Oaxaquiatreta n. gen. further strengthens the previously proposed relationship between the Siphonotretida and Paterinida.

Type
Research Article
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Journal of Paleontology , Volume 85 , Issue 1 , January 2011 , pp. 122 - 155
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Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

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