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The H. A. Nicholson Collection of Paleozoic stenolaemate bryozoans: comparison of cladistic and phenetic classifications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

Joseph F. Pachut ,
Robert L. Anstey  and
Alan S. Horowitz
Joseph F. Pachut
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, 723 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis 46202
Robert L. Anstey
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, Michigan State University, 206 Natural Science Building, East Lansing 48224
Alan S. Horowitz
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, Indiana University, 1005 East 10th Street, Bloomington 47405
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Abstract

Until the late 1960's, most of Nicholson's types of Paleozoic bryozoans were not available for study. We present a set of coded characters of many of Nicholson's types, which should assist in bringing his species into conformity with current taxonomic standards so that his species can be consistently recognized and used in biostratigraphic, paleobiogeographic, and evolutionary studies.

Cladistic and phenetic analyses of these species permit comparisons between inferred phylogenies of Nicholson specimens, adaptive morphospace, and treatise-based systematic relationships. Specimen-based cladistic and phenetic analyses of Nicholson's species both produce clusters that are congruent with existing family-level taxonomic assignments of species in the collection. However, cladistic analysis more fully retrieves the pattern of branching, or degree of relatedness, among higher taxa. Phenetic clusters represent adaptive peaks in morphospace for these specimens, but higher level “phenons” are strongly affected by multiple evolution of the same character states.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 68 , Issue 5 , September 1994 , pp. 978 - 994
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

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