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Evolutionary convergence and parallelism in crinoid calyx design

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

William I. Ausich
William I. Ausich*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, 125 South Oval Mall, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
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Abstract

Eleven basic constructional designs are defined among the Crinoidea. Calyx designs are defined primarily by shape, geometry of plates at the base of the calyx, tegmen shape, fixed calyx plates, number of arms, and nature of radial facets. These calyx designs include the following: multiplated bowls, multiplated bicones, conical mosaics, urns, cylinders, cones, ellipsoids, hands, bowls, bilateral recumbents, and fists. Most crinoid subclasses and orders contain crinoids with several of these designs. This significant convergence and parallelism in calyx design indicates that the morphological evolution of crinoids has been substantially constrained by constructional and fabricational limitations.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 62 , Issue 6 , November 1988 , pp. 906 - 916
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

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