Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T20:16:27.204Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Danian Mollusks from the Prince Creek Formation, Northern Alaska, and Implications for Arctic Ocean Paleogeography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 August 2017

Louie Marincovich Jr.
Louie Marincovich Jr.*
Affiliation:
Branch of Paleontology and Stratigraphy, United States Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California 94025
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The marine molluscan fauna of the Prince Creek Formation near Ocean Point, northern Alaska, is of Danian age. It is the only diverse and abundant Danian molluscan fauna known from the Arctic Ocean realm, and is the first evidence for an indigenous Paleocene shallow-water biota within a discrete Arctic Ocean Basin faunal province.

A high percentage of endemic species, and two endemic genera, emphasize the degree to which the Arctic Ocean was geographically isolated from the world ocean during the earliest Tertiary. Many of the well-preserved Ocean Point mollusks, however, also occur in Danian faunas of the North American Western Interior, the Canadian Arctic Islands, Svalbard, and northwestern Europe, and are the basis for relating this Arctic Ocean fauna to that of the Danian world ocean.

The Arctic Ocean was a Danian refugium for some genera that became extinct elsewhere during the Jurassic and Cretaceous. At the same time, this nearly landlocked ocean fostered the evolution of new taxa that later in the Paleogene migrated into the world ocean by way of the northeastern Atlantic. The first Cenozoic occurrences are reported for the bivalves Integricardium (Integricardium), Oxytoma (Hypoxytoma), Placunopsis, Tancredia (Tancredia), and Tellinimera, and the oldest Cenozoic records given for the bivalves Gari (Garum), Neilo, and Yoldia (Cnesterium). Among the 25 species in the molluscan fauna are four new gastropod species, Amauropsis fetteri, Ellipsoscapha sohli, Mathilda (Fimbriatella) amundseni, and Polinices (Euspira) repenningi, two new bivalve genera, Arcticlam and Mytilon, and 15 new bivalve species, Arcticlam nanseni, Corbula (Caryocorbula) betsyae, Crenella kannoi, Cyrtodaria katieae, Gari (Garum) brouwersae, Integricardium (Integricardium) keenae, Mytilon theresae, Neilo gryci, Nucula (Nucula) micheleae, Nuculana (Jupiteria) moriyai, Oxytoma (Hypoxytoma) hargrovei, Placunopsis rothi, Tancredia (Tancredia) slavichi, Tellinimera kauffmani, and Yoldia (Cnesterium) gladenkovi.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 67 , Issue S35: The Paleontological Society Memoir 35: Danian Mollusks from the Prince Creek Formation, Northern Alaska, and Implications for Arctic Ocean Paleogeography , September 1993 , pp. 1 - 35
Copyright
Copyright © 1993, The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, A. 1854. Description of twenty-seven new species of shells from the collection of Hugh Cuming, esq. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 22:311–317.Google Scholar
Adams, H., and Adams, A. 1853–1858. The Genera of Recent Mollusca, Arranged According to Their Organization. London, volume 1–3, 1,145 p.Google Scholar
Anderson, H.-J. 1975. Die Fauna der paläocänen Hückelhovener Schichten aus dem Schacht Sophia Jacoba 6 (Erkelenzer Horst, Niederrheinische Bucht). Geologia et Palaeontologica, 9:141–171.Google Scholar
Arkell, W. J. 1929–1937. A monograph of British Coralline Lamellibranchia. London, Palaeontographical Society, 392 p.Google Scholar
Aubry, M.-P. 1985. Northwestern European Paleogene magnetostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and paleogeography: calcareous nannofossil evidence. Geology, 13:198–202.Google Scholar
Baldi, T. 1973. Mollusc Fauna of the Hungarian Upper Oligocene (Egerian). Adakemia Kaido, Budapest, 511 p.Google Scholar
Baldi, T., and Senes, J. (eds.). 1975. Die Egerer, Pouzdraner, Puchkirchener Schichtengruppe und die Bretkaer Formation. In Chronostratigraphie und Neostratotypen, Miozän der Zentralen Paratethys, volume 5. Bratislava, Slowakische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 577 p.Google Scholar
Balkwill, H. R., Cook, D. G., Detterman, R. L., Embry, A. F., Hakansson, E., Miall, A. D., Poulton, T. P., and Young, F. G. 1983. Arctic North America and northern Greenland, p. 1–31. In Moullane, M. and Nairn, A. E. M. (eds.), The Phanerozoic Geology of the World II, The Mesozoic, B. Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Bellardi, L. 1875. Monografia delle Nuculidi Trovate finora nei Terreni Terziari del Piedmonte e della Liguria. Il R. Liceo Gioberti nell' Anno scolastico 1874–1875. E. Botta Publisher, Torino, 32 p.Google Scholar
Bendix-Almgreen, S. E. 1969. Notes on the Upper Cretaceous and Lower Tertiary fish faunas of northern West Greenland. Geological Society of Denmark, Bulletin, 19:204–217.Google Scholar
Bergquist, H. R. 1966. Micropaleontology of the Mesozoic rocks of northern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 302-D:93–227.Google Scholar
Beyrich, E. 1845. Protocardia eine neue Gattung fossiler Muscheln. Zeitschrift für Malakozoologie, 2:17–20.Google Scholar
Beznosov, N. V., Gorbatchik, T. N., Mikhailova, I. A., and Pergament, M. A. 1978. Soviet Union, p. 5–53. In Moullade, M. and Nairn, A. E. M. (eds.), The Phanerozoic Geology of the World II, The Mesozoic, A. Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Birkelund, T. 1965. Ammonities from the Upper Cretaceous of West Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland, 179(7), 192 p.Google Scholar
de Blainville, H. M. D. 1814. Sur la classification méthodique des animaux mollusques, et établissment d'une nouvelle considération pour y parvenir. Société Philomène de Paris, Bulletin de Science, 2(44):175–180.Google Scholar
British Museum (Natural History). 1963. British Caenozoic Fossils. British Museum (Natural History), London, 132 p.Google Scholar
Brosgé, W. P., and Whittington, C. L. 1966. Geology of the Umiat–Maybe Creek region, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 303-H:501–638.Google Scholar
Brouwers, E. M. 1988. Late Maestrichtian and Danian faunas from northern Alaska: reconstructions of environment and biogeography. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Program, 20(6):A371.Google Scholar
Brouwers, E. M., and De Deckker, P. 1991. Late Maastrichtian and Danian(?) ostracode faunas from northern Alaska: reconstructions of environment and biogeography. Eleventh International Symposium an Ostracoda (Ostracoda in the Earth and Life Sciences), Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia, July 8–12, 1991, Programme and Abstracts:24.Google Scholar
Brouwers, E. M., and De Deckker, P. 1992. Late Maastrichtian and Danian ostracode faunas from northern Alaska: reconstructions of environment and biogeography. International Conference on Arctic Margins, Anchorage, Alaska, September 2–4, 1992, Abstracts:8.Google Scholar
Brouwers, E. M., and De Deckker, P. 1993. Late Maastrichtian and Danian ostracode faunas from northern Alaska: reconstructions of environment and paleogeography. Palaios, 8:140–154.Google Scholar
Brouwers, E. M., Marincovich, L. Jr., and Carter, L. D. 1984. Paleogeographic affinities and evolutionary significance of a Paleogene marine fauna from northern Alaska. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, 16(6):456.Google Scholar
Brown, T. 1827. Illustrations of the Conchology of Great Britain and Ireland. Edinburgh, 125 p.Google Scholar
Carter, L. D., and Galloway, J. P. 1985. Engineering-geologic map of northern Alaska, Harrison Bay quadrangle. U.S. Geological Survey, Open-file Report 85-256:1–47.Google Scholar
Carter, L. D., Repenning, C. A., Marincovich, L. Jr., Hazel, J. E., Hopkins, D. M., McDougall, K., and Naeser, C. W. 1977. Gubik and pre-Gubik Cenozoic deposits along the Colville River near Ocean Point, North Slope, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey, Circular 751-B:12–14.Google Scholar
Chateauneuf, J. J., and Gruas-Cavagnetto, C. 1978. Les zones de Wetzeliellaceae (Dinophyceae) du bassin de Paris. Comparason et corrélations avec les zones du Paléogène des bassins due Nord-Ouest de l'Europe. Bulletin du Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, séries 2, sect. 4 (Géologie générale), no. 4:59–93.Google Scholar
Clemens, W. A., and Allison, C. W. 1985. Late Cretaceous terrestrial vertebrate fauna, North Slope, Alaska. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Program, 17(6):548.Google Scholar
Conrad, J. E., McKee, E. H., and Turrin, B. D. 1990. K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar ages of tuff beds at Ocean Point on the Colville River, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1946:77–82.Google Scholar
Conrad, T. A. 1860. Descriptions of new species of Cretaceous and Eocene fossils of Mississippi and Alabama. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Journal, Series 2, 4:275–297.Google Scholar
Cooper, G. A. In press. Two new brachiopod genera from Ocean Point beds, North Slope, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1990.Google Scholar
Cooper, J. E. 1934. Oldhaven and Thanet Sand Mollusca of Herne Bay. Journal of Conchology, 20(1):4–8.Google Scholar
Cossmann, M. 1912. Essais de paléoconchologie comparée. Paris, 9, 215 p.Google Scholar
Cox, L. R. 1929. Notes on the Mesozoic family Tancrediidae, with descriptions of several British Upper Jurassic species, and of a new genus, Eodonax . Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 3:569–594.Google Scholar
Cox, L. R. 1964. Notes concerning the taxonomy and nomenclature of fossil Bivalvia (mainly Mesozoic). Malacological Society of London, Proceedings, 36:39–48.Google Scholar
Cox, L. R. 1969a. Family Terquemiidae Cox, 1964, p. N380–382. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part N, Volume 1, Mollusca 6, Bivalvia. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Cox, L. R. 1969b. Family Tancrediidae Meek, 1864, p. N639–642. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part N, Volume 1, Mollusca 6, Bivalvia. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Curry, D. 1981. Thanetian, p. 255–265. In Pomerol, C. (ed.), Stratotypes of Paleogene stages. Paris, Memoire hors serie no. 2 du Bulletin d'Information des Geologues du Bassin de Paris.Google Scholar
Curry, D., Adams, C. G., Boulter, M. C., Dilley, F. C., Eames, F. E., Funnell, B. M., and Wells, M. K. 1981. A correlation of Tertiary rocks in the British Isles. Geological Society of London, Special Paper 12, 72 p.Google Scholar
Cuvier, G. 1797. Tableau élémentaire de l'histoire naturelle des animaux. Paris, 710 p.Google Scholar
Cvancara, A. M. 1966. Revision of the fauna of the Cannonball Formation (Paleocene) of North and South Dakota. The University of Michigan, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, 20(10):277–374.Google Scholar
Dall, W. H. 1898a. Contributions to the Tertiary fauna of Florida, with especial reference to the Silex beds of Tampa and the Pliocene beds of the Caloosahatchie River. Wagner Free Institute of Science, Philadelphia, 3(4):571–947.Google Scholar
Dall, W. H. 1898b. Synopsis of the Recent and Tertiary Psammobiidae of North America. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Proceedings, 50:57–62.Google Scholar
Defrance, M. J. L. 1822. Les Ossemens Fossiles, p. 229–648. In Cuvier, G. and Brongniart, A. (eds.), Description géologique des couches des environs de Paris, 2(2). Paris.Google Scholar
Deshayes, G. P. 1824–1837. Descriptions des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Paris, 1, 392 p.Google Scholar
Detterman, R. L., Reiser, H. N., Brosgé, W. P., and Dutro, J. T. Jr. 1975. Post-Carboniferous stratigraphy, northeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 886, 46 p.Google Scholar
Dunker, W. 1861. Beschreibung neuer Mollusken. Malakologische Blätter, 8:35–45.Google Scholar
Erickson, J. M. 1974. Revision of the Gastropoda of the Fox Hills Formation, Upper Cretaceous (Maestrichtian) of North Dakota. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 66(284):131–253.Google Scholar
Evans, J., and Shumard, B. F. 1857. On some new species of fossils from the Cretaceous formation of Nebraska Territory. Academy of Sciences of Saint Louis, Transactions, 1:38–42.Google Scholar
Farchad, H. 1936. Étude du Thanétien (Landénien marin) du Bassin de Paris. Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France, Nouvelles Séries, Mémoire 30, 101 p.Google Scholar
de Férussac, A. E. 1819. Histoire naturelle general et particulare des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles. Paris, volume 1, Parts 1–28, 128 p.Google Scholar
Finlay, H. J. 1927. New specific names for Australasian Mollusca. New Zealand Institute, Transactions and Proceedings, 57:488–533.Google Scholar
Fischer, P. H. 1880–1887. Manuel de conchyliologie et de paléontologie conchyliologique. F. Savy, Paris, 1,369 p.Google Scholar
Fleming, C. A. 1966. Marwick's illustrations of New Zealand shells; with a checklist of New Zealand Cenozoic Mollusca. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Bulletin 173, 456 p.Google Scholar
Fleming, J. 1828. A History of British Animals, exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematical arrangement of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, Mollusca and Radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigenous, extirpated and extinct kinds; together with periodical and occasional visitants. Edinburgh, 554 p.Google Scholar
Floris, S. 1972. Scleractinian corals from the Upper Cretaceous and lower Tertiary of Nûgssuaq, West Greenland. Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse, Bulletin 100, 132 p.Google Scholar
Forbes, E. 1838. Malacologia Monensis. A Catalogue of the Mollusca Inhabiting the Isle of Man and the Neighboring Sea. Edinburgh, 63 p.Google Scholar
Forbes, E. 1846. Report on the fossil Invertebrata from southern India, collected by Mr. Kaye and Mr. Cunliffe. Geological Society of London, Transactions, Series 2, 7:97–174.Google Scholar
Fox, S. K., and Olsson, R. K. 1969. Danian planktonic foraminifera from the Cannonball Formation in North Dakota. Journal of Paleontology, 43:1397–1404.Google Scholar
Frederiksen, N. O. 1991. Pollen zonation and correlation of Maastrichtian marine beds and associated strata, Ocean Point dinosaur locality, North Slope, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey, Bulletin 1990E, 24 p.Google Scholar
Frederiksen, N. O., Ager, T. A., and Edwards, L. E. 1988. Palynology of Maastrichtian and Paleocene rocks, lower Colville River region, North Slope of Alaska. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 25:512–527.Google Scholar
Gardner, J. A. 1916. Mollusca, p. 371–733. In Clark, W. B., The Upper Cretaceous Deposits of Maryland. Maryland Geological Survey, The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore.Google Scholar
Gardner, J. A. 1926. The nomenclature of the superspecific groups of Corbula in the lower Miocene of Florida. Nautilus, 40(2):41–47.Google Scholar
Gardner, J. A. 1928. The molluscan fauna of the Alum Bluff Group of Florida. Part V. Tellinacea, Solenacea, Mactracea, Myacea, Molluscoidea. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 142-E:185–240.Google Scholar
Gladenkov, Y. B. 1972. The Neogene of Kamchatka. U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Geological Institute, Trudy, 214, 252 p. [in Russian, original title translated].Google Scholar
Glibert, M. 1955. Quelques espèces nouvelles ou mal connues de l'Oligocène moyen et supérieur de la Belgique. Belgian Royal Institute of Natural Sciences Bulletin, 31:1–7.Google Scholar
Glibert, M. 1985. The bivalves and gastropods from the Lower Bruxellian of Belgium (Middle Eocene). Annales de la Société Royale Zoologique de Belgique, 115:261–367.Google Scholar
Govoni, D. L. 1983. Gastropod molluscs from the Brightseat Formation (Paleocene: Danian) of Maryland. , George Washington University, Washington, D.C., 271 p.Google Scholar
Grantz, A., May, S. D., and Hart, P. E. 1990. Geology of the Arctic continental margin of Alaska, p. 257–288. In Grantz, A., Johnson, L., and Sweeney, J. F. (eds.), The Arctic Ocean Region. Geological Society of America, The Geology of North America, volume L.Google Scholar
Gray, J. E. 1824. Shells. Issue Spto Appendix, Parry's voyage for the discovery of the north-west passage in the years 1819–1820. Appendix 10, Zoology:240–246.Google Scholar
Gray, J. E. 1847. A list of the genera of Recent Mollusca, their synonyms and types. Zoological Society of London, Proceedings, 15:129–219.Google Scholar
Gray, M. E. 1842–1857. Figures of molluscuous animals, selected from various authors. London, Volumes 1–5.Google Scholar
Gryc, G., Patton, W. W. Jr., and Payne, T. G. 1951. Present Cretaceous stratigraphic nomenclature of northern Alaska. Washington Academy of Sciences Journal, 41:159–167.Google Scholar
Hägg, R. 1927. A new Tertiary fauna from Spitsbergen. Bulletin of the Geological Institution of the University of Uppsala, 20:39–55.Google Scholar
Hall, J., and Meek, F. B. 1856. Descriptions of new species of fossils, from the Cretaceous formations of Nebraska, with observations upon Baculites ovatus and B. compressus, and the progressive development of the septa in baculites, ammonites, and scaphites. American Academy of Arts and Science, Memoirs, 5:379–411.Google Scholar
Hansen, H. J. 1970. Danian Foraminifera from Nûgssuaq, West Greenland, with special reference to species occurring in Denmark. Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse, Bulletin 93, 132 p.Google Scholar
Hickey, L. J., West, R. M., Dawson, M. R., and Choi, D. K. 1983. Arctic terrestrial biota: paleomagnetic evidence of age disparity with mid-northern latitudes during the late Cretaceous and early Tertiary. Science, 221:1153–1156.Google Scholar
Hörnes, M. 1870. Die fossilien Mollusken des Tertiärbeckens von Wien. Abhandlungen der kaiserliche königliche geologische Reichsanstalt, 4, 479 p.Google Scholar
Ichikawa, K. 1958. Zur Taxonomie und Phylogenie der triadischen “Pteriidae” (Lamellibranch.) mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Gattungen Claraia, Eumorphotis, Oxytoma und Monotis . Palaeontographica, Abteilung A, 111:131–212.Google Scholar
Imlay, R. W. 1961. Characteristic Lower Cretaceous megafossils from northern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 335, 74 p.Google Scholar
Jablonski, D. 1986. Causes and consequences of mass extinctions: a comparative approach, p. 183–229. In Elliott, D. K. (ed.), Dynamics of Extinction. Wiley and Sons, New York.Google Scholar
Johnson, A. L. A. 1984. The paleobiology of the bivalve families Pectinidae and Propeamussiidae in the Jurassic of Europe. Zitteliana, 11:1–235.Google Scholar
Kauffman, E. G. 1969. Form, function and evolution, p. N129–205. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part N, Mollusca 6, Volume 1, Bivalvia. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Keen, A. M. 1969a. Superfamily Anomiacea Rafinesque, 1815, p. N383–385. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part N, Mollusca 6, Volume 1, Bivalvia. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Keen, A. M. 1969b. Superfamily Cardiacea Lamarck, 1809, p. N583–594. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part N, Mollusca 6, Volume 2, Bivalvia. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Keen, A. M. 1969c. Superfamily Myacea Lamarck, 1809, p. N690–698. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part N, Mollusca 6, Volume 2, Bivalvia. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Kollmann, H. A., and Peel, J. S. 1983. Paleocene gastropods from Nûgssuaq, West Greenland. Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse Bulletin 146, 115 p.Google Scholar
Korobkov, I. A., and Mironowa, L. V. 1965. The discovery of shells of the genus Cyrtodaria in the Paleogene deposits of the U.S.S.R. Moscow, All-Union Paleontological Association Yearbook, 17:75–79 [in Russian, original title translated].Google Scholar
de M. de Lamarck, J. P. B. A. 1799. Prodrome d'une nouvelle classification des coquilles. Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris Memoire, 1:63–90.Google Scholar
de M. de Lamarck, J. P. B. A. 1809. Philosophie zoologique, ou exposition des considérations relatives à l'histoire naturelle des animaux, la diversité de leur organisation et des facultés qu'ils en obtiennent, aux causes physiques qui maintiennent en eux la vie, et donnent lieu aux mouvements qu'ils exécutent; enfin, à celles qui produisent les unes les sentiments, et les autres l'intelligence de ceux qui en sont doués. Paris, 2 volumes, 903 p.Google Scholar
de M. de Lamarck, J. P. B. A. 1815–1826. Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres. Paris, Volumes 1–7.Google Scholar
Lea, I. 1833. Contributions to Geology. Carey, Lea, and Blanchard, Philadelphia, 227 p.Google Scholar
Link, H. F. 1806–1808. Beschreibung der Naturalien–Sammlung der Universität zu Rostock. Rostock, Parts 1–6, 160 p.Google Scholar
Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, Volume 1, Regnum animale. Stockholm, 824 p.Google Scholar
Livsic, J. J. 1974. Palaeogene deposits and the platform structure of Svalbard. Oslo, Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter, 159, 50 p.Google Scholar
Lycett, J. 1850. Tabular view of fossil shells from the middle division of the Inferior Oolite in Cloucestershire. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 2, 6:401–425.Google Scholar
Macbeth, J. I., and Schmidt, R. A. M. 1973. Upper Cretaceous foraminifera from Ocean Point, northern Alaska. Journal of Paleontology, 47:1047–1061.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr. 1977. Cenozoic Naticidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the northeastern Pacific. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 70(294):169–494.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr. 1983. Molluscan paleontology, paleoecology, and North Pacific correlations of the Miocene Tachilni Formation, Alaska Peninsula, Alaska. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 84(317):59–155.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr. 1992. Earliest Cenozoic (Danian) paleogeography of the Arctic Ocean. International Conference on Arctic Margins, Anchorage, Alaska, September 2–4, 1992, Abstracts:34.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr., Brouwers, E. M., and Carter, L. D. 1984. Early Tertiary marine fossils from Ocean Point, Arctic Coastal Plain, and their relation to Arctic Ocean paleogeography. U.S. Geological Survey, Circular, 939:15–17.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr., Brouwers, E. M., and Carter, L. D. 1985. Early Tertiary marine fossils from northern Alaska: implications for Arctic Ocean paleogeography and faunal evolution. Geology, 13:770–773.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr., Brouwers, E. M., and Carter, L. D. 1986. Comment and reply on “Early Tertiary marine fossils from northern Alaska: implications for Arctic Ocean paleogeography and faunal evolution”—Reply. Geology, 14:803–804.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr., Brouwers, E. M., and Hopkins, D. M. 1983. Paleogeographic affinities and endemism of Cretaceous and Paleocene marine faunas in the Arctic. U.S. Geological Survey, Circular, 911:45–46.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr., Brouwers, E. M., Hopkins, D. M., and McKenna, M. C. 1990. Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic paleogeographic and paleoclimatic history of the Arctic Ocean Basin, based on shallow-water marine faunas and terrestrial vertebrates, p. 403–426. In Grantz, A., Johnson, L., and Sweeney, J. F. (eds.), The Arctic Ocean Region. Geological Society of America, The Geology of North America, volume L.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr., and Zinsmeister, W. J. 1991. The first Tertiary (Paleocene) marine mollusks from the Eureka Sound Group, Ellesmere Island, Canada. Journal of Paleontology, 65:242–248.Google Scholar
Martini, E. 1971. Standard Tertiary and Quaternary calcareous nannoplankton zonation, p. 739–785. In Farinacci, A. (ed.), Proceedings of the II Planktonic Conference, Rome, 1970. Edizioni Tecnoscienza, Rome.Google Scholar
Matthews, R. K. 1984. Oxygen isotope record of ice-volume history: 100 million years of glacio-eustatic sea-level fluctuation, p. 97–107. In Schlee, J. S. (ed.), Interregional Unconformities and Hydrocarbon Accumulation. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 36.Google Scholar
McDougall, K. 1987. Maestrichtian benthic foraminifers from Ocean Point, North Slope, Alaska. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 17:344–366.Google Scholar
McKee, E. H., Conrad, J. E., and Turin, B. D. 1989. Better dates for Arctic dinosaurs. Eos, 70:74.Google Scholar
McKenna, M. C. 1975. Fossil mammals and early Eocene North Atlantic land continuity. Annals of Missouri Botanical Garden, 62:335–353.Google Scholar
McKenna, M. C. 1980. Eocene paleolatitude, climate, and mammals of Ellesmere Island. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 30:349–362.Google Scholar
McKenna, M. C. 1983. Cenozoic paleogeography of North Atlantic land bridges, p. 351–399. In Bott, M. H. P., Saxov, S., Talwani, M., and Thiede, J. (eds.), Structure and Development of the Greenland–Scotland Ridge. Plenum, New York.Google Scholar
McKenna, M. C. 1983 [1984]. Holarctic landmass rearrangement, cosmic events, and Cenozoic terrestrial organisms. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 70:459–489.Google Scholar
McLearn, F. H. 1945. Revision of the Lower Cretaceous of the Western Interior of Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 44-17 (second edition), 14 p.Google Scholar
Meek, F. B. 1864. Check list of the invertebrate fossils of North America. Cretaceous and Jurassic. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collection, no. 177, 40 p.Google Scholar
Meek, F. B. 1876. A report on the invertebrate Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils of the Upper Missouri country. U.S. Geological Survey Territorial Report 9, 629 p.Google Scholar
Meek, F. B., and Hayden, F. V. 1856. Descriptions of new species of Acephala and Gasteropoda, from the Tertiary formations of Nebraska Territory, with some general remarks on the geology of the country about the sources of the Missouri River. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 8:111–126.Google Scholar
Meek, F. B., and Hayden, F. V. 1857. Descriptions of new species and genera of fossils, collected by Dr. F. V. Hayden in Nebrasca Territory, under the direction of Lieut. G. K. Warren, U.S. Topographical Engineer; with some remarks on the Tertiary and Cretaceous formations of the north-west, and the parallelism of the latter with those of other portions of the United States and Territories. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 9:117–148.Google Scholar
Meek, F. B., and Hayden, F. V. 1861. Descriptions of new Lower Silurian (Primordia), Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary fossils, collected in Nebraska, by exploring expeditions under the command of Lieut. G. K. Warren, of U.S. Topographical Engineers. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 12:417–432.Google Scholar
Miall, A. D. 1986. The Eureka Sound Group (Upper Cretaceous–Oligocene), Canadian Arctic Islands. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 34:240–270.Google Scholar
Molenaar, C. M., Bird, K. J., and Collett, T. S. 1986. Regional correlation sections across the North Slope of Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1907, 1 sheet.Google Scholar
Molenaar, C. M., Bird, K. J., and Kirk, A. R. 1987. Cretaceous and Tertiary stratigraphy of northeastern Alaska. Alaskan North Slope Geology. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Pacific Section, and Anchorage Geological Society, 513–528.Google Scholar
Möller, H. P. C. 1842. Index molluscorum Groenlandiae. Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, Volume 4:76–97.Google Scholar
de Montfort, D. 1808–1810. Conchyliologie systématique et classification méthodique des coquilles. Paris, volume 1 (1808), 490 p., Volume 2 (1810), 676 p. Google Scholar
Morris, J. 1852. Description of some fossil shells from the lower Thanet Sands. Geological Society of London, Quarterly Journal, 8:264–268.Google Scholar
Morris, J., and Lycett, J. 1853–1854. A Monograph of the Mollusca from the Great Oolite, Chiefly from Minchinhampton and the Coast of Yorkshire, Part 2, Bivalves. Palaeontographical Society of London, 147 p.Google Scholar
Nelms, L. G. 1989. Late Cretaceous dinosaurs from the North Slope of Alaska. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 9:34A.Google Scholar
Newton, R. B. 1891. Systematic List [of] British Oligocene and Eocene Mollusca. British Museum (Natural History), London, 365 p.Google Scholar
Palmer, A. R. 1983. The DNAG 1983 time scale. Geology, 11:503–504.Google Scholar
Perch-Nielsen, K. 1973. Danian and Campanian/Maastrichtian coccoliths from Nûgssuaq, West Greenland. Geological Society of Denmark, Bulletin, 22:79–82.Google Scholar
Phillips, R. L. 1988. Measured sections, paleoenvironments, and sample locations near Ocean Point, Alaska, U.S. Geological Survey, Open-file Report 88-40, 1 sheet.Google Scholar
Phillips, R. L. 1990. Summary of Late Cretaceous environments near Ocean Point, North Slope, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey, Bulletin, 1946:101–106.Google Scholar
Phillips, R. L. In press. Measured sections and paleoenvironments near Ocean Point, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey, Bulletin, 1990.Google Scholar
Puri, H. S. 1969. Family Nuculanidae, p. N235–241. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part N, Mollusca 6, Volume 1, Bivalvia. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Rafinesque, C. S. 1815. Analyse de la nature ou tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés, etc. Palermo, 224 p.Google Scholar
Ravn, J. P. J. 1922. On the Mollusca of the Tertiary of Spitsbergen collected by Norwegian and Swedish expeditions. Videnskapsselskapet i Kristiania, Resultater av de Norske Statsunderstøttede Spitsbergenekspeditioner (Skrifter om Svalbard og Ishavet), 1(2), 28 p.Google Scholar
Rayner, D. H. 1981. The Stratigraphy of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, second edition, 460 p.Google Scholar
Repenning, C. A. 1983. New evidence for the age of the Gubik Formation, Alaskan North Slope. Quaternary Research, 9:356–372.Google Scholar
Reuss, J. D. 1801. Repertorium Commentiationum a Societatibus Litterariis editarum Scientia Naturalis. Göttingen, 2 volumes.Google Scholar
Rink, H. J. 1857. Grønland geographisk og statistisk beskrevet. Copenhagen, Volumes 1, 2.Google Scholar
Röding, P. F. 1798. Museum Boltenianum. Typis Johan Christi trapii, Hamburg, 2, 199 p.Google Scholar
Rollier, L. 1912. Fossiles nouveaux ou peu connus des terrains secondaries (Mésozoïque) du Jura, Part 2. Schweizerisches Paläontologisches Gesellschaft Abhandlungen, 38:35–146.Google Scholar
Rosenkrantz, A. 1970. Marine Upper Cretaceous and lowermost Tertiary deposits in West Greenland. Meddelelser fra Dansk Geologisk Forening, 19:406–453.Google Scholar
Rosenkrantz, A., and Pulvertaft, T. C. R. 1969. Cretaceous–Tertiary stratigraphy and tectonics in northern West Greenland, p. 883–898. In Kay, M. (ed.), North Atlantic—Geology and Continental Drift. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 12.Google Scholar
Sacco, F. 1895. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria (1872–1904). Part 19, Turritellidae e Mathildidae. Torino, 100 p.Google Scholar
Schumacher, C. F. 1817. Essai d'un nouveau système des habitations des vers testacés. Copenhagen, 287 p.Google Scholar
Semper, O. 1865. Du genre Mathilda. Additions a la monographie du genre Mathilda . Journal de Conchyliologie, 13:328–345.Google Scholar
Sohl, N. F. 1960. Archeogastropoda, Mesogastropoda and stratigraphy of the Ripley, Owl Creek, and Prairie Bluff Formations. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 331-A, 151 p.Google Scholar
Sohl, N. F. 1964. Neogastropoda, Opisthobranchia and Basommatophora from the Ripley, Owl Creek and Praire Bluff Formations. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 331-B:153–344.Google Scholar
Sohl, N. F. 1967. Upper Cretaceous gastropods from the Pierre Shale at Red Bird, Wyoming, U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 393-B, 46 p.Google Scholar
Soot-Ryen, T. 1969. Superfamily Mytilacea Rafinesque, 1815, p. N271–280. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part N, Mollusca 6, Volume 1, Bivalvia. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Sowerby, J. 1812–1846. The mineral conchology of Great Britain; or coloured figures and descriptions of those remains of testaceous animals or shells, which have been preserved at various times and depths in the earth. Sowerby, London. Volumes 1–7, 1,295 p.Google Scholar
Sowerby, J. 1842–1844 [1838]. J. Sowerby's Mineral-Conchologie Gross-brittaniens … Deutsch bearbeitet von E. Desor. Durchgesehen und mit Anmerkungen und Berichtegungen versehen von … L. Agassiz. Solothurn, 689 p.Google Scholar
de C. Sowerby, J. 1850 [1852]. Notes and descriptions of shells. In Dixon, F., The Geology and Fossils of the Tertiary and Cretaceous Formations of Sussex. London, 422 p.Google Scholar
Speden, I. G. 1970. The type Fox Hills Formation, Cretaceous (Maestrichtian), South Dakota. Part 2. Systematics of the Bivalvia. Yale University, Peabody Museum of Natural History Bulletin 33, 222 p.Google Scholar
Spengler, L. 1793. Beskrivelse over et nyt flaegt of de toskallede konkylier, forhen of mig kaldet Chaena, saa og over det linneiske flaegt Mya, hvilket nøiere bestemmes, og iddeles i ivende flaegter. Copenhagen, Naturhistorie selskabet Skrifter, 2:16–59.Google Scholar
Stanley, S. M. 1970. Relation of shell form to life habits in the Bivalvia (Mollusca). Geological Society of America, Memoir 125, 296 pp.Google Scholar
Stanton, T. W. 1920. The fauna of the Cannonball marine member of the Lance Formation. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 128A, 60 p.Google Scholar
Stephenson, L. W. 1941. The larger invertebrate fossils of the Navarro Group of Texas. University of Texas Publications, Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology, Bulletin 4101, 641 p.Google Scholar
Strauch, F. 1972. Phylogenese, Adaptation und Migration einiger nordischer mariner Molluskengenera (Neptunea, Panomya, Cyrtodaria, und Mya). Abhandlungen der Senkenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 531, 221 p.Google Scholar
Szczechura, J. 1971. Paleocene Ostracoda from Nûgssuaq, West Greenland. Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse, Bulletin 94, 42 p.Google Scholar
Tappan, H. 1962. Cretaceous Foraminifera, Part 3 of Foraminifera from the Arctic slope of Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 236-C:91–209.Google Scholar
Thiede, J., Clark, D. L., and Herman, Y. 1990. Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic paleoceanography of the northern polar oceans, p. 427–458. In Grantz, A., Johnson, L., and Sweeney, J. F. (eds.), The Arctic Ocean Region. Geological Society of America, The Geology of North America, Volume. L.Google Scholar
Tryon, G. W. Jr. 1879–1913. Manual of Conchology. Philadelphia, Series 1, Volumes 1–17.Google Scholar
Vail, P. R., Mitchum, R. M. Jr., and Thompson, S. III. 1977. Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sea level, Part 4: global cycles of relative changes in sea level, p. 83–97. In Payton, C. E. (ed.), Seismic Stratigraphy—Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 36.Google Scholar
Vinogradov, A. P., Vereshchagin, V., Nalivkin, V., Ronov, A., Khabakov, A., and Khain, V. 1967. Atlas of the Lithological-Paleogeographical Maps of the USSR, Paleogene, Neogene and Quaternary. USSR Ministry of Geology and Academy of Science, Moscow, 15 maps [in Russian, original title translated].Google Scholar
Vinogradov, A. P., Vereshchagin, V., Nalivkin, V., Ronov, A., Khabakov, A., and Khain, V. 1968. Atlas of the Lithological-Paleogeographical Maps of the USSR, Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous. USSR Ministry of Geology and Academy of Science, Moscow, 20 maps [in Russian, original title translated].Google Scholar
Vokes, H. E. 1945. Supraspecific groups of the pelecypod family Corbulidae. American Museum of Natural History Bulletin, 86(1), 32 p.Google Scholar
Vonderbank, K. 1970. Geologie und Fauna der Tertiären Ablagerungen Zentral-Spitsbergens. Oslo, Norsk Polarinstitutt, Skrifter, 153, 119 p.Google Scholar
Waller, T. R. 1978. Morphology, morphoclines and a new classification of the Pteriomorphia (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Royal Society of London, Philosophical Transactions, B, 284:345–365.Google Scholar
Waller, T. R. 1991. Evolutionary relationships among commercial scallops (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae), p. 1–73. In Shumway, S. E. (ed.), Scallops—Biology, Ecology and Aquaculture. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Waller, T. R., and Marincovich, L. Jr. 1992. New species of Camptochlamys and Chlamys (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae) from near the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary at Ocean Point, North Slope, Alaska. Journal of Paleontology, 66:215–227.Google Scholar
Ward, D. J. 1978. The lower London Teritary (Palaeocene) succession of Herne Bay, Kent. Institute of Geological Sciences [Great Britain], Report 78/10, 12 p.Google Scholar
Ward, D. J., Cooper, J., and James, J. P. 1977. A redescription of fossiliferous Thanet Beds (Palaeocene) at Nickle Farm, near Canterbury, Kent. Transactions of the Kent Field Club, 6:133–138.Google Scholar
Weaver, C. E. 1942 [1943]. Paleontology of the marine Tertiary formations of Oregon and Washington. University of Washington Publications in Geology, 1(1), 789 p.Google Scholar
Whiteaves, J. F. 1879. On the fossils of the Cretaceous rocks of Vancouver and adjacent islands in the Strait of Georgia. Geological Survey of Canada, Mesozoic Fossils, 1:93–189.Google Scholar
Whitfield, R. P. 1885. Brachiopoda and Lamellibranchiata of the Raritan Clays and Greensand Marls of New Jersey. U.S. Geological Survey, Monograph 9, 337 p.Google Scholar
Williams, G. D., and Stelck, C. R. 1975. Speculations on the Cretaceous paleogeography of North America. Geological Association of Canada, Special Paper 13, 20 p.Google Scholar
Wood, S. V. 1861–1871. A Monograph of the Eocene Bivalves of England. Palaeontographical Society, London, 182 p.Google Scholar