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The choanal anatomy of the Sebecus icaeorhinus Simpson, 1937 and the variation of the palatine shape in notosuchians (Crocodyliformes, Mesoeucrocodylia)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 June 2022

Gonzalo Gabriel Bravo Open the ORCID record for Gonzalo Gabriel Bravo [Opens in a new window] ,
Diego Pol ,
Matías Alberto Armella Open the ORCID record for Matías Alberto Armella [Opens in a new window]  and
Kevin Gómez
Gonzalo Gabriel Bravo*
Affiliation:
CONICET, Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica, Av. Presidente Perón S/N, Yerba Buena CP 4107, Tucumán, Argentina
Diego Pol
Affiliation:
CONICET, Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, Av. Fontana 140, Trelew CP9100, Chubut, Argentina
Matías Alberto Armella
Affiliation:
CONICET, Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica, Av. Presidente Perón S/N, Yerba Buena CP 4107, Tucumán, Argentina Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Instituto de Estratigrafía y Geología Sedimentaria Global (IESGLO-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 205, San Miguel de Tucumán CP4000, Argentina. Catedra de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Av. Belgrano 300, San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca CP4700, Catamarca, Argentina
Kevin Gómez
Affiliation:
CONICET, Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, Av. Fontana 140, Trelew CP9100, Chubut, Argentina
*
*Corresponding author.
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Abstract

Sebecidae is a clade of large carnivorous crocodyliforms that thrived in the Cenozoic and is the only lineage of the diverse and terrestrial group Notosuchia that survived the end-Cretaceous mass extinction event. Sebecus icaeorhinus is the best-known taxon from this clade, both in terms of its cranial and postcranial anatomy (known primarily from the holotype and specimen MPEF-PV 1776, respectively). Additional material represented by a partial skull (MMP 235) is the only specimen that has preserved a complete choanal region. We describe new information from this specimen based on an X-ray computed tomography and identify through comparisons with other taxa a large degree of variability in the palatal anatomy within Sebecidae, in particular in the shape and extension of the palatine (the bone that defines the anterior position and shape of the secondary choana). We quantify variation in the shape of the palatine bone of sebecids through a 2D morphogeometric analysis within the context of notosuchian crocodyliforms. Although traditional accounts of palatal evolution in crocodyliforms linked variation of this structure to the adaptation to the aquatic environment, our analysis allows recognition of eight palatine morphotypes among terrestrial crocodyliforms with very distinct paleoecological traits, including carnivorous, omnivorous, and possibly herbivorous taxa. Furthermore, we show that sebecids had a higher morphological disparity in the choanal region than other terrestrial groups of Notosuchia, underscoring the importance of this region for comparative, morphofunctional, and phylogenetic studies.

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Journal of Paleontology , Volume 96 , Issue 6 , November 2022 , pp. 1400 - 1412
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Paleontological Society

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