Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T07:06:11.403Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Silurian Ilionia prisca, oldest known deep-burrowing suspension-feeding bivalve

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

Louis Liljedahl
Louis Liljedahl*
Affiliation:
Department of Historical Geology and Palaeontology, Sölvegatan 13, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The type material of Ilionia prisca (Hisinger) is redescribed. This species shows several basic morphological characteristics typical of Recent Lucinacea, including an anteriorly expanded shell with conspicuous diagonal sulci, a hypertrophied anterior adductor muscle scar, and a nonsinuate pallial line. It is believed to have been a suspension feeder provided with a posterior exhalant siphon and capable of forming an anterior inhalant mucus tube in the sediment. Ilionia prisca lived in a habitat unfavorable for most other bivalves, deeply buried in a soft, oxygen-poor and sulphur-rich mud, in which it oriented itself obliquely against the direction of water movement. Probably it lived in symbiosis with chemoautotrophic bacteria. It is suggested that Ilionia prisca is the oldest known deep-burrowing suspension-feeding bivalve.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 66 , Issue 2 , March 1992 , pp. 206 - 210
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, J. A. 1958. On the basic form and adaptations to habitat in the Lucinacea (Eulamellibranchia). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 241:421–484.Google Scholar
Allen, J. A., and Sanders, H. L. 1969. Nucinella serrei Lamy (Bivalvia: Protobranchia), a monomyarian solemyid and possible living actinodont. Malacologia, 7:381–396.Google Scholar
Billings, E. 1874. On some new genera and species of Palaeozoic Mollusca. Canadian Naturalist, new series, 7:301–302.Google Scholar
Dando, P. R., Southward, A. J., Southward, E. C., Terwillinger, N. B., and Terwillinger, R. C. 1985. Suphur oxidizing bacteria and haemoglobin in gills of the bivalve mollusc Myrtea spinifera . Marine Ecology Progress Series, 23:85–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dando, P. R., Southward, A. J., Southward, E. C., Terwillinger, N. B., and Terwillinger, R. C. 1986. Chemoautotrophic symbionts in the gills of the bivalve mollusc Lucinoma borealis and the sediment chemistry of its habitat. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B:227–247.Google Scholar
Fleming, J. 1828. A history of British animals, exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematic arrangements of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, Mollusca and Radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigenous, extirpated, and extinct kinds; together with periodical and occasional visitants. Edinburgh, 554 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hede, J. E. 1921. Gottlands silurstratigrafi. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C, 305:1–100.Google Scholar
Hede, J. E. 1925. Berggrunden (Silursystemet). In Munthe, H., Hede, J. E., and von Post, L., Beskrivning till kartbladet Ronehamn. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Aa, 15:14–51.Google Scholar
Hede, J. E. 1927. Berggrunden (Silursystemet). In Munthe, H., Hede, J. E., and Lundqvist, G., Beskrivning till kartbladet Klintehamn. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Aa, 160:12–54.Google Scholar
Hede, J. E. 1928. Berggrunden (Silursystemet). In Munthe, H., Hede, J. E., and Lundqvist, G., Beskrivning till kartbladet Slite. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Aa, 169:13–65.Google Scholar
Hede, J. E. 1929. Berggrunden (Silursystemet). In Munthe, H., Hede, J. E., and Lundqvist, G., Beskrivning till kartbladet Katthammarsvik. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Aa, 170:14–57.Google Scholar
Hede, J. E. 1933. Berggrunden (Silursystemet). In Munthe, H., Hede, J. E., and Lundqvist, G., Beskrivning till kartbladet Kappelshamn. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Aa, 171:10–59.Google Scholar
Hede, J. E. 1940. Berggrunden (Silursystemet). In Lundqvist, G., Hede, J. E., and Sundius, N., Beskrivning till kartbladet Visby och Lummelunda. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Aa, 183:9–68.Google Scholar
Hede, J. E. 1960. The Silurian of Gotland. In Regnéll, G. and Hede, J. E., The lower Palaeozoic of Scania. The Silurian of Gotland. International Geological Congress, Guidebook, XXI Session, Norden, Sweden, 44–87.Google Scholar
Hedström, H. 1923. Contributions to the fossil faunas of Gotland. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C, 316:1–24.Google Scholar
Hickman, C. S. 1984. Composition, structure, ecology, and evolution of six Cenozoic deep-water mollusk communities. Journal of Paleontology, 58:1215–1234.Google Scholar
Hisinger, W. 1831. Anteckningar i Physik och Geognosie, under resor uti Sverige och Norrige. Femte häftet. Bernh. M. Bredberg, Stockholm, 174 p.Google Scholar
Hisinger, W. 1837. Lethaea Svecica seu Petrificata Sveciae, iconibus et characteribus illustrata. P. A. Nordstedt et Filii, Stockholm, 124 p.Google Scholar
Hisinger, W. 1840. Anteckningar i Physik och Geognosie under resor uti Sverige och Norrige. Sjunde häftet. P. A. Nordstedt & Söner, Stockholm, 147 p.Google Scholar
Hisinger, W. 1841. Förteckning öfver en geognostisk och petrefactologisk samling fran Sverige och Norrige. P. A. Nordstedt & Söner, Stockholm, 69 p. [reprinted 1842].Google Scholar
Liljedahl, L. 1984a. Silurian bivalves from Gotland. Sveriges geologiska Undersökning C, 804, 82 p.Google Scholar
Liljedahl, L. 1984b. Janeia silurica, a link between nuculoids and solemyoids (Bivalvia). Palaeontology, 27:693–698.Google Scholar
Liljedahl, L. 1985. Ecological aspects of a silicified bivalve fauna from the Silurian of Gotland. Lethaia, 18:53–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liljedahl, L. 1991. Contrasting feeding strategies in bivalves from the Silurian of Gotland. Palaeontology, 34:219–235.Google Scholar
Lindström, G. 1885. List of the fossils of the Upper Silurian Formation of Gotland. P. A. Nordstedt & Söner, Stockholm, 20 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindström, G. 1888. List of the fossil faunas of Sweden. I, Cambrian and Lower Silurian. P.A. Nordstedt & Söner, Stockholm, 12 p.Google Scholar
Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 10th ed. Vol. 1, 824 p.Google Scholar
McAlester, A. L. 1965. Systematics, affinities, and life habits of Babinka, a transitional Ordovician lucinoid bivalve. Palaeontology, 8:231–246.Google Scholar
McAlester, A. L. 1966. Evolutionary and systematic implications of a transitional Ordovician lucinoid bivalve. Malacologia 3:433–439.Google Scholar
Munthe, H. 1910. On the sequence of strata within southern Gotland. Geologiska Föreneningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 32:197–1453.Google Scholar
Munthe, H., Hede, J. E., and von Post, L. 1925. Gotlands geologi, en översikt. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C 331, 130 p.Google Scholar
Pojeta, J. Jr. 1985. Early evolutionary history of Diasome mollusks, p. 102–130. In Bottjer, D. J., Hickman, C. S., and Ward, P. D. (eds.), Mollusks, Notes for a Short Course. University of Tennessee, Studies in Paleontology, 13.Google Scholar
Pojeta, J. Jr. 1988. The origin and Palaeozoic diversification of solemyoid pelecypods. New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, Memoir 44:201–271.Google Scholar
Reid, R. G. B., and Brand, D. G. 1986. Sulfide-oxidizing symbiosis in lucinaceans: implications for bivalve evolution. The Veliger, 29:3–24.Google Scholar
Roemer, F. 1876. Lethaea Palaeozoica. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung. E. Nägele, Stuttgart, 256 p.Google Scholar
Southward, E. C. 1986. Gill symbionts in Thyasirids and other bivalve molluscs. Journal of Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 66:889–914.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spiro, B., Greenwood, P. B., Southward, A. J., and Dando, P. R. 1986. 13C/12C ratios in marine invertebrates from reducing sediments: confirmation of nutritional importance of chemoautotrophic endosymbiotic bacteria. Marine Ecology–Progress Series, 28:233–240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stasek, C. R. 1961. The ciliation and function of the labial palps of Acila castrensis (Protobranchia, Nuculidae). Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London, 137:511–538.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stasek, C. R. 1972. The Molluskan framework. Chemical Zoology 7:1–44.Google Scholar
Sundquist, B. 1982. Wackestone petrography and bipolar orientation of cephalopods as indicators of littoral sedimentation in the Ludlovian of Gotland. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar, Stockholm, 104:81–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkinson, C. R. 1984. Immunological evidence for the Precambrian origin of bacterial symbioses in marine sponges. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 229:383–537.Google Scholar