Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T19:17:31.796Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

New species of Camptochlamys and Chlamys (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae) from near the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary at Ocean Point, North Slope, Alaska

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

Thomas R. Waller  and
Louie Marincovich Jr.
Thomas R. Waller
Affiliation:
Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, and Paleontology
Louie Marincovich Jr.
Affiliation:
Stratigraphy Branch, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California 94025
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Two new species of pectinid bivalves, Camptochlamys alaskensis and Chlamys aquilonia, are present in shallow-marine deposits near Ocean Point, northeastern Alaska, at about 70°N latitude. The precise age of these deposits is debatable, but paleontological and isotopic age estimates indicate placement near the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary. The occurrence of Camptochlamys extends the chronostratigraphic and geographic range of this genus, previously unknown from any strata above the uppermost Jurassic (Tithonian) of Europe and unknown from any strata in North America. In contrast, the new Chlamys species represents an evolutionary advance beyond its nearest relative in the Maastrichtian of northern Europe and resembles Cenozoic members of its clade in certain features of shell microstructure. These new species are thus a microcosm of the debate regarding the age of these deposits and strengthen the hypothesis that the Ocean Point fauna lived in an Arctic Ocean basin that was isolated from the world ocean.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 66 , Issue 2 , March 1992 , pp. 215 - 227
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allasinaz, A. 1972. Revisione dei Pettinidi triassici. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia, 78:189–428.Google Scholar
Arkell, W. J. 1930. A monograph of British Corallian Lamellibranchia. Palaeontological Society [London] Monographs, 2:73–104.Google Scholar
Berkman, P. A., Waller, T. R., and Alexander, S. P. 1991. Unprotected larval development in the Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae). Antarctic Science, 3:151–157.Google Scholar
Beurlen, K. 1944. Beiträge zur Stammesgeschichte der Muscheln. Sitzungsberichte der mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Abteilung der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu München, 1–2:133–145.Google Scholar
Birkelund, T. 1979. The last Maastrichtian ammonites, p. 51–57. In Birkelund, T. and Bromley, R. G. (eds.), Cretaceous/Tertiary Boundary Events Symposium. Volume I. The Maastrichtian and Danian of Denmark. University of Copenhagen, Denmark.Google Scholar
Boss, K. J. 1982. Classification of Mollusca, p. 1092–1096. In Parker, S. P. (ed.), Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. Volume 2. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.Google Scholar
Brongniart, A. 1822. Description géologique des couches des environs de Paris, p. 229–648. In Cuvier, G., Les Ossemens Fossiles, Vol. 2, Pt. 2. G. Dufour and E. d'Ocagne, Paris.Google Scholar
Brosgé, W. P., and Whittington, C. L. 1966. Geology of the Umiat-Maybe Creek region, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 303-H:501–638.Google Scholar
Brouwers, E. M., Clemens, W. A., Spicer, R. A., Ager, T. A., Carter, L. D., and Sliter, W. V. 1987. Dinosaurs on the North Slope, Alaska: high latitude, latest Cretaceous environments. Science, 237:1608–1610.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brouwers, E. M., Marincovich, L. Jr., and Carter, L. D. 1984. Paleogeographic affinities and evolutionary significance of a Paleogene marine fauna from northern Alaska. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, 16:456.Google Scholar
Carter, L. D., and Galloway, J. P. 1985. Engineering-geologic map of northern Alaska, Harrison Bay quadrangle. U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report 85-256:1–47.Google Scholar
Clemens, W. A., and Allison, C. W. 1985. Late Cretaceous terrestrial vertebrate fauna, North Slope, Alaska. Geological Society of America, Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs, 17:548.Google Scholar
Conrad, J. E., McKee, E. H., and Turrin, B. D. 1990. [1991]. K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar ages of tuff beds at Ocean Point on the Colville River, Alaska. U.G. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1946:77–82.Google Scholar
Cox, L. R. 1952. The Jurassic lamellibranch fauna of Cutch (Kachh). No. 3, families Pectinidae, Amusiidae, Plicatulidae, Limidae, Ostreidae, and Trigoniidae (Supplement). Palaeontologia Indica, ser. 9, 3(3):1–128.Google Scholar
Cox, L. R. 1969. General features of Bivalvia, p. N2–N129. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part N, Volume 1, Mollusca 6, Bivalvia. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Crickmay, C. H. 1930. Fossils from Harrison Lake area, British Columbia. Bulletin of the National Museum of Canada, 63:33–66.Google Scholar
Davies, K. L. 1987. Duck-bill dinosaurs (Hadrosauridae, Ornithischia) from the North Slope of Alaska. Journal of Paleontology, 61:198–200.Google Scholar
Defrance, M. J. L. 1822. Les Ossemens fossiles, p. 229–648. In Cuvier, G. and Brongniart, A., Description géologique des couches des environs de Paris, Volume II(2). G. Dufour and E. d'Ocagne, Paris.Google Scholar
Defrance, M. J. L. 1825. Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles. “Peigne,” Strasbourg and Paris, p. 234–268.Google Scholar
Dhondt, A. V. 1972a. Systematic revision of the Chlamydinae (Pectinidae, Bivalvia, Mollusca) of the European Cretaceous. Part 1. Camptonectes . Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, 48(3):1–60.Google Scholar
Dhondt, A. V. 1972b. Systematic revision of the Chlamydinae (Pectinidae, Bivalvia, Mollusca) of the European Cretaceous. Part 2. Lyropecten . Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, 48(7):1–80.Google Scholar
Dhondt, A. V. 1973. Systematic revision of the Chlamydinae (Pectinidae, Bivalvia, Mollusca) of the European Cretaceous. Part 3. Chlamys and Mimachlamys . Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, 49(1):1–134.Google Scholar
Dhondt, A. V. 1983. Campanian and Maastrichtian inoceramids: a review. Zitteliana, 10:689–701.Google Scholar
Eberzin, A. G. 1960. Mollyuski–pantsirnye, dvustvorchatye, lopatonogie, p. 1–300. In Orlov, Yu. A. (ed.), Osnovy Paleontologii. USSR Academy of Science, Moscow.Google Scholar
Etheridge, R. 1881. Bivalvia, p. 141–147. In Penning, W. H. and Jukes-Browne, A. J., The Geology of the Neighborhood of Cambridge. Memoir of the Geological Survey, London, United Kingdom.Google Scholar
de Férussac, A. E. 1822. Tableaux systématiques des animaux mollusques. A. Bertrand, Paris and London, 111 p.Google Scholar
Fox, S. K., and Olsson, R. K. 1969. Danian planktonic foraminifera from the Cannonball Formation in North Dakota. Journal of Paleontology, 43:1397–1404.Google Scholar
Frederiksen, N. O., Ager, T. A., and Edwards, L. E. 1988. Palynology of Maastrichtian and Paleocene rocks, lower Colville River region, North Slope of Alaska. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 25:512–527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fürsich, F. T. 1982. Upper Jurassic bivalves from Milne Land, East Greenland. Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse, Bulletin 144:1–126.Google Scholar
Gmelin, J. F. 1791. Caroli Linnaei systema naturae per tria naturae. Ed. 13, aucta, reformata, Vermes Testacea. Lipsiae, 1(6):3021–3910.Google Scholar
Goldfuss, A. 1833. Petrefacta Germaniae, 2(1):1–68. [Details of issue dates, sections, and pagination of Petrefacta Germaniae (1826–1844) are given by W. Quenstedt (1963), part 102: Clavis bibliographica, p. 9. In Westphal, F. (ed.), Fossilium Catalogus. I: Animalia. W. Junk, Gravenhage, The Netherlands.]Google Scholar
Grantz, A., May, S. D., and Hart, P. E. 1990. Geology of the Arctic continental margin of Alaska, p. 257–288. In Grantz, A., Johnson, L., and Sweeney, J. F. (eds.), The Geology of North America, Volume L, The Arctic Ocean Region. The Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado.Google Scholar
Gryc, G., Patton, W. W. Jr., and Payne, T. G. 1951. Present Cretaceous stratigraphic nomenclature of northern Alaska. Washington Academy of Sciences Journal, 41:159–167.Google Scholar
Habe, T. 1977. Systematics of Mollusca in Japan. Bivalvia and Scaphopoda. Hokuryukan, Tokyo, 372 p.Google Scholar
Hahn, F. F. 1910. Geologie der Kamerker-Sonntagshorngruppe, I. Jahrbuch der Geologischen Reichsanstadt [Austria], 60:311–420.Google Scholar
Hallam, A. 1990. Eustatic sea-level change and the K/T boundary. Geotimes, 35(8):18, 23.Google Scholar
Hayami, I. 1957. Radulonectites, a new pectinid genus from the Liassic Kuruma Group in central Japan. Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan, N.S., 27:89–93.Google Scholar
Heinberg, C. 1979. Bivalves from the latest Maastrichtian of Stevns Klint and their stratigraphic affinities, p. 58–64. In Birkelund, T. and Bromley, R. G. (eds.), Cretaceous/Tertiary Boundary Events Symposium. Volume I. The Maastrichtian and Danian of Denmark. University of Copenhagen, Denmark.Google Scholar
Hertlein, L. G. 1969. Family Pectinidae Rafinesque, 1815, p. N348–N373. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part N, Volume 1, Mollusca 6, Bivalvia. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Hopkins, D. M., and Marincovich, L. Jr. 1984. Whale biogeography and the history of the Arctic Basin. Netherlands, Groningen Rijksuniversitet, Works of the Arctic Centre, 8:7–24.Google Scholar
Iredale, T. 1929. Mollusca from the continental shelf of eastern Australia. Records of the Australian Museum, Sydney, 17:157–189.Google Scholar
Jablonski, D. 1986. Causes and consequences of mass extinctions: a comparative approach, p. 183–229. In Elliott, D. K. (ed.), Dynamics of Extinction. John Wiley and Sons, New York.Google Scholar
Jaworski, E. 1914. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Lias-Volen Südamerikas und der Stammesgeschichte der Gattung Vola . Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 1:273–320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, A. L. A. 1984. The palaeobiology of the bivalve families Pectinidae and Propeamussiidae in the Jurassic of Europe. Zitteliana, 11:1–235.Google Scholar
Kanjilal, S. 1979. Jurassic Camptonectes (Bivalvia) from the Habo Hill, District Kutch (Gujarat), W. India. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 45:115–124.Google Scholar
Kelly, S. R. A. 1984. Bivalvia of the Spilsby Sandstone and Sandringham Sands (Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous) of eastern England. Part I. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, 137(566), 94 p.Google Scholar
Kelly, S. R. A., Dhondt, A. V., and Zakharov, V. A. 1984. Boreionectes Zakharov 1965 (Bivalvia: Pectinidae)–a synonym of Maclearnia (Crickmay 1930). Journal of Paleontology, 58:109–114.Google Scholar
Kelly, S. R. A., Dhondt, A. V., and Zakharov, V. A. 1986. Taxonomic note: Mclearnia Crickmay, 1930 (Bivalvia: Pectinidae). Journal of Paleontology, 60:191.Google Scholar
de M. de Lamarck, J. B. P. A. 1819. Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres, Volume 6, Part 1. Verdiere, Paris, 343 p.Google Scholar
MacBeth, J. I., and Schmidt, R. A. M. 1973. Upper Cretaceous foraminifera from Ocean Point, northern Alaska. Journal of Paleontology, 47:1047–1061.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr., Brouwers, E. M., and Carter, L. D. 1984. Early Tertiary marine fossils from Ocean Point, Arctic Coastal Plain, and their relation to Arctic Ocean paleogeography. U.S. Geological Survey Circular, 939:15–17.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr., Brouwers, E. M., and Carter, L. D. 1985. Early Tertiary marine fossils from northern Alaska: implications for Arctic Ocean paleogeography and faunal evolution. Geology, 13:770–773.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr., and Hopkins, D. M. 1983. Paleogeographic affinities and endemism of Cretaceous and Paleocene marine faunas in the Arctic. U.S. Geological Survey Circular, 911:45–46.Google Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr., and McKenna, M. C. 1990. Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic paleogeographic and paleoclimatic history of the Arctic Ocean Basin, based on shallow-water marine faunas and terrestrial vertebrates, p. 403–426. In Grantz, A., Johnson, L., and Sweeney, J. F. (eds.), The Geology of North America, Volume L, The Arctic Ocean Region. The Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marincovich, L. Jr., and Zinsmeister, W. J. 1991. The first Tertiary (Paleocene) marine mollusks from the Eureka Sound Group, Ellesmere Island, Canada. Journal of Paleontology, 65:242–248.Google Scholar
McDougall, K. 1987. Maestrichtian benthic foraminifers from Ocean Point, North Slope, Alaska. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 17:344–366.Google Scholar
Meek, F. B. 1864. Checklist of the invertebrate fossils of North America: Cretaceous and Jurassic. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 177, Bivalvia:5–16, 31–34.Google Scholar
Molenaar, C. M., Bird, K. J., and Collett, T. S. 1986. Regional correlation sections across the North Slope of Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1907, 1 sheet.Google Scholar
Molenaar, C. M., and Kirk, A. R. 1987. Cretaceous and Tertiary stratigraphy of northeastern Alaska, p. 513–528. In Tailleur, I. and Weimer, P. (eds.), Alaskan North Slope Geology. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Pacific Section, and Anchorage Geological Society, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
di Monterosato, T. A. 1884. Nomenclatura generica e specifica di alcune conchiglie mediterranee. Stab. Tip. Virzì, Palermo, Italy, 152 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, J. 1852. Description of some fossil shells from the lower Thanet Sands. Geological Society of London Quarterly Journal, 8:264–268.Google Scholar
Müller, O. F. 1776. Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, seu animalium Daniae et Norvegiae indigenarum characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. Typis Hallageriis, Copenhagen, 281 p.Google Scholar
Nelms, L. G. 1989. Late Cretaceous dinosaurs from the North Slope of Alaska. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 9:34A.Google Scholar
Newell, N. D. 1969. Family Aviculopectinidae Meek & Hayden, 1864, p. N335–N341. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part N, Volume 1, Mollusca 6, Bivalvia. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Nichols, D. J., Jarzen, D. M., Orth, C. Jr., and Oliver, P. Q. 1986. Palynological and iridium anomalies at Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary, south-central Saskatchewan. Science, 231:714–717.Google Scholar
Nilsson, S. 1827. Petrificata Suecana formationis cretaceae, descripta et iconibus illustrata. Pars Prior, Vertebrata et Mollusca Sistens. Londini Gothorum, Lund, Sweden, 39 p.Google Scholar
Palmer, A. R. 1983. The decade of North American geology 1983 geologic time scale. Geology, 11:503–504.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parona, C. F. 1889. Studio monografico della fauna raibliana di Lombardia. Pavia, 156 p.Google Scholar
Phillips, R. L. 1988. Measured sections, paleoenvironments, and sample locations near Ocean Point, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report 88-40, 1 sheet.Google Scholar
Phillips, R. L. 1990. [1991]. Summary of Late Cretaceous environments near Ocean Point, North Slope, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1946:101–106.Google Scholar
Rafinesque, C. S. 1815. Analyse de la Nature. Palermo, 225 p.Google Scholar
Ravn, J. P. J. 1911. On Jurassic and Cretaceous fossils from northeast Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland, 45:433–500.Google Scholar
Röding, P. F. 1798. Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturae quae olim collegerat Joa. Fried. Bolten, M.D.p.d., Pars Secunda. Typis Johan Christi Trapii, Hamburg, 119 p.Google Scholar
Roemer, F. A. 1836. Die Versteinerungen des norddeutschen Oolithen-gebirges. Hahn, Hanover, 218 p.Google Scholar
Roemer, F. A. 1839. Die Versteinerungen des norddeutschen Oolithen-gebirges. Ein Nachtrag. Hahn, Hanover, 59 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothpletz, A. 1886. Geologisch-palaeontologische Monographie der Vilser Alpen, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Brachiopoden-Systematik. Palaeontographica, 33:1–180.Google Scholar
Schafhäutl, K. 1851. Über einige neue Petrefakten des Sübayern'schen Vorgebirges. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie, Year 1851:407–421.Google Scholar
von Schlotheim, E. F. 1813. Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Versteinerungen in geognosticher Hinsicht. Leonhard's Taschenbuch für Mineralogie, 7:3–134.Google Scholar
von Schlotheim, E. F. 1820. Die Petrefactenkunde. Becker, Gotha, 437 p.Google Scholar
Shumway, S. E., Selvin, R., and Schick, D. F. 1987. Food resources related to habitat in the scallop Placopecten magellanicus (Gmelin, 1791): a quantitative study. Journal of Shellfish Research, 6:89–95.Google Scholar
Smith, E. A. 1902. Report on the collections of natural history made in the Antarctic regions during the voyage of the “Southern Cross.” Part 7, Mollusca. London, p. 201–213.Google Scholar
Sobetski, V. A. 1977. Bivalve molluscs of the Upper Cretaceous platform seas of SW USSR. Trudy Paleontologicheskovo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR, 159:1–256. [in Russian] Google Scholar
Sokolov, D., and Bodylevsky, W. 1931. Jura- und Kreidefaunen von Spitzbergen. Skr. Svalbard Ishavet, 35:1–151.Google Scholar
Sowerby, J. 1818. The Mineral Conchology of Great Britain, 3(1):1–40. Meredith, London.Google Scholar
Sowerby, J. 1822. The Mineral Conchology of Great Britain, 4(2):17–104. Meredith, London.Google Scholar
Spicer, R. A., Wolfe, J. A., and Nichols, D. J. 1987. Alaskan Cretaceous–Tertiary floras and Arctic origins. Paleobiology, 13:73–83.Google Scholar
Stanley, S. M. 1970. Relation of shell form to life habits in the Bivalvia (Mollusca). Geological Society of America Memoir 125, 296 p.Google Scholar
Stanton, T. W. 1920. The fauna of the Cannonball marine member of the Lance Formation. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 128-A:1–60.Google Scholar
Stephenson, L. W. 1941. The larger invertebrate fossils of the Navarro Group of Texas (exclusive of corals and crustaceans and exclusive of the fauna of the Escondido Formation). University of Texas Publication 4101:1–641.Google Scholar
Stewart, R. B. 1930. Gabb's California Cretaceous and Tertiary type lamellibranchs. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Special Publications, 3:1–314.Google Scholar
Stoliczka, F. 1861. Über die Gastropoden und Acephalen der Hierlatz-Schichten. Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe, Wien, 43:157–204.Google Scholar
Tashiro, M. 1976. Bivalve faunas of the Cretaceous Himenoura Group in Kyushu. Palaeontological Society of Japan, Special Papers, 19:1–102.Google Scholar
von Teppner, W. 1922. Pars 15. Lamellibranchiata tertiaria. “Anisomyaria,” p. 67–296. In Diener, C. (ed.), Fossilium Catalogus. I: Animalia. W. Junk, Berlin.Google Scholar
Triebel, E. 1941. Fossile Arten der Ostracoden Gattung Paracyprideis Klie. Senckenbergiana, 23(1-3):153–164.Google Scholar
Verrill, A. E. 1897. A study of the family Pectinidae, with a revision of the genera and subgenera. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Sciences, 10:41–96.Google Scholar
Waller, T. R. 1969. The evolution of the Argopecten gibbus stock (Mollusca: Bivalvia), with emphasis on the Tertiary and Quaternary species of eastern North America. The Paleontological Society, Memoir 3 (Journal of Paleontology, 43(5), Supplement), 125 p.Google Scholar
Waller, T. R. 1972. The Pectinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) of Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islands. The Veliger, 14:221–264.Google Scholar
Waller, T. R. 1978. Morphology, morphoclines and a new classification of the Pteriomorphia (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Philosophical Transactions, Royal Society London, B, 284:345–365.Google Scholar
Waller, T. R. 1984. The ctenolium of scallop shells: functional morphology and evolution of a key family-level character in the Pectinacea (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Malacologia, 25:203–219.Google Scholar
Waller, T. R. 1986. A new genus and species of scallop (Bivalvia: Pectinidae) from off Somalia, and the definition of a new tribe Decatopectinini. The Nautilus, 100:39–46.Google Scholar
Waller, T. R. 1991. Evolutionary relationships among commercial scallops (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae), p. 1–73. In Shumway, S. E. (ed.), Scallops–Biology, Ecology and Aquaculture. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Ward, P. D., and Signor, P. W. III. 1983. Evolutionary tempo in Jurassic and Cretaceous ammonites. Paleobiology, 9:183–198.Google Scholar
Wiedmann, J. 1969. The heteromorphs and ammonoid extinction. Biological Reviews, 44:563–602.Google Scholar
Wiggins, V. D. 1976. Fossil oculata pollen from Alaska. Geoscience and Man, 15:51–76.Google Scholar
Winkler, G. G. 1861. Der Oberkeuper nach Studien in den Bayrischen Alpen. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, 13:459–521.Google Scholar
Zakharov, V. A. 1965. New Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous camptonectids (Pectinidae, Bivalvia) from Arctic Siberia, p. 72–80. In Saks, V. N. (ed.), Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Mesozoic Deposits of Northern Siberia. Nauka, Moscow. [in Russian].Google Scholar
von Zittel, K. 1870. Die Fauna der älteren cephalopodenführenden Tithonbildungen. Palaeontographica Supplement, 2(1, 2).Google Scholar