Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T19:32:13.242Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Conodont biostratigraphy and paleoecology of Middle Ordovician rocks in eastern Oklahoma

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 May 2016

Jeffrey A. Bauer*
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics and Science, Shawnee State University, Portsmouth, Ohio 45662

Abstract

Conodonts from the upper Burgen, Tyner, and Fite Formations (Middle Ordovician) of eastern Oklahoma include two new species, Phragmodus harrisi and Plectodina tynerensis. The conodont fauna indicates that the upper Burgen through middle Tyner is Whiterockian (pre- to earliest Chazyan) and that the upper Tyner–Fite is probably Kirkfieldian in age.

The Whiterockian Burgen–Tyner preserves a regressive succession of shoreface, lagoonal, and intertidal deposits. That change is reflected by the conodont succession, which shows replacement of a fauna dominated by species of Neomultioistodus, Scandodus?, and Paraprioniodus by one dominated by species of Phragmodus, Plectodina, and Erismodus.

Carbonate deposits of the Kirkfieldian(?) upper Tyner and Fite Formations follow a major hiatus and reflect shallow, subtidal to intertidal conditions. The conodont fauna is composed of species of Aphelognathus, Plectodina, Curtognathus, Erismodus, and Oulodus, among others.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amsden, T. W., and Sweet, W. C. 1983. Upper Bromide Formation and Viola Group (Middle and Upper Ordovician) in eastern Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin 132, 76 p.Google Scholar
Tai-Xiang, An, Fang, Zhang, Weida, Xiang, Youqui, Zhang, Wenhao, Xu, Huijuan, Zhang, Debaio, Jiang, Changsheng, Yang, Liandi, Lin, Zhantang, Cui, and Xinchang, Yang. 1983. The Conodonts of North China and the Adjacent Regions. Science Press of China, 223 p. (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Barnes, C. R. 1977. Ordovician conodonts from the Ship Point and Bad Cache Rapids Formations, Melville Peninsula, southeastern District of Franklin. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 269:99119.Google Scholar
Bauer, J. A. 1985. Conodont biostratigraphy and correlation of the Tyner Formation (Middle Ordovician), eastern Oklahoma. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, 17:79.Google Scholar
Bauer, J. A. 1987a. Conodonts and conodont biostratigraphy of the McLish and Tulip Creek Formations (Middle Ordovician), south-central Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin 141, 53 p.Google Scholar
Bauer, J. A. 1987b. Conodont biostratigraphy, correlation, and depositional environments of Middle Ordovician rocks in Oklahoma. Unpubl. , The Ohio State University, Columbus, 346 p.Google Scholar
Boger, J. 1976. Conodont biostratigraphy of the upper Beekmantown Group and the St. Paul Group (Middle Ordovician) of Maryland and West Virginia. Unpubl. , The Ohio State University, Columbus, 180 p.Google Scholar
Bradshaw, L. E. 1969. Conodonts from the Fort Peña Formation (Middle Ordovician), Marathon Basin, Texas. Journal of Paleontology, 43:11371168.Google Scholar
Branson, E. B., and Mehl, M. G. 1933a. Conodont studies number 1. University of Missouri Studies, 8:172.Google Scholar
Branson, E. B., and Mehl, M. G. 1933b. Conodont studies number 2. University of Missouri Studies, 8:77167.Google Scholar
Branson, E. B., and Mehl, M. G. 1943. Ordovician conodont faunas from Oklahoma. Journal of Paleontology, 17:374387.Google Scholar
Brewer, R. 1964. Fabric and mineral analysis of soils. Wiley, New York, 470 p.Google Scholar
Burst, J. F. 1965. Subaqueously formed shrinkage cracks in clay. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 25:348353.Google Scholar
Carnes, J. B. 1975. Conodont biostratigraphy in the lower Middle Ordovician of the western Appalachian thrust-belts in northeastern Tennessee. Unpubl. , The Ohio State University, Columbus, 291 p.Google Scholar
Cooper, B. J. 1981. Early Ordovician conodonts from the Horn Valley Siltstone, central Australia. Palaeontology, 24:147183.Google Scholar
Cooper, G. A. 1956. Chazyan and related brachiopods. Smithsonian Institute, Miscellaneous Collection, 127, Pts. I and II, 1,245 p.Google Scholar
Cram, I. H. 1930. Cherokee and Adair Counties, p. 531586. In Oil and Gas in Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin, 40Q-Q.Google Scholar
Donovan, R. N., and Foster, R. J. 1972. Subaqueous shrinkage cracks from the Caithness flagstone series (Middle Devonian) of Northeast Scotland. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 42:309317.Google Scholar
Dzik, J. 1983. Relationships between Ordovician Baltic and North American Midcontinent conodont faunas. Fossils and Strata, 15:5985.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ethington, R. L., and Clark, D. L. 1982. Lower and Middle Ordovician conodonts from the Ibex area, western Millard County, Utah. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 28, Pt. 2, 160 p.Google Scholar
Ethington, R. L., Droste, J. B., and Rexroad, C. B. 1986. Conodonts from subsurface Champlainian (Ordovician) rocks of eastern Indiana. Indiana Department of Natural Resources Geological Survey Special Report 37, 32 p.Google Scholar
Fåhraeus, L. E., and Hunter, D. R. 1985. Simple-cone conodont taxa from the Cobbs Arm Limestone (Middle Ordovician), New World Island, Newfoundland. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 22:11711182.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golden, J. B. 1969. Lower Middle Ordovician conodonts from the Everton Formation of northern Arkansas and southeastern Missouri. Unpubl. , University of Missouri–Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, 94 p.Google Scholar
Harris, A. G., Bergström, S. M., Ethington, R. L., and Ross, R. J. Jr. 1979. Aspects of Middle and Upper Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy of carbonate facies in Nevada and southeast California and comparison with some Appalachian successions. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 26(3):744.Google Scholar
Harris, R. W. 1962. New conodonts from the Joins (Ordovician) Formation of Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geology Notes, 22:199211.Google Scholar
Harris, R. W. 1964. Subgenera of the conodont genus Multioistodus in Simpson-Burgen (Ordovician) of Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geology Notes, 24:108118.Google Scholar
Huffman, G. G. 1958. Geology of the flanks of the Ozark Uplift. Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin 77, 281 p.Google Scholar
Huffman, G. G. 1965. Simpson Group in northeastern Oklahoma, p. 109129. In Herndon, T. (ed.), Symposium on the Simpson. Tulsa Geological Society Digest, Vol. 33.Google Scholar
Huffman, G. G., and Starke, J. M. Jr. 1960. A Chazyan faunule from the lower Tyner, northeastern Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geology Notes, 20:268271.Google Scholar
Lindström, M. 1955. Conodonts from the lowermost Ordovician strata of south-central Sweden. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm, Förhandlingar, 76:517604.Google Scholar
Lindström, M. 1971. Lower Ordovician conodonts of Europe, p. 2161. In Sweet, W. C. and Bergström, S. M. (eds.), Symposium on conodont biostratigraphy. Geological Society of America Memoir 127.Google Scholar
Löfgren, A. 1978. Arenigian and Llanvirnian conodonts from Jämtland, northern Sweden. Fossils and Strata, 13, 129 p.Google Scholar
McHargue, T. R. 1982. Ontogeny, phylogeny, and apparatus reconstruction of the conodont genus Histiodella, Joins Formation, Arbuckle Mountains, Oklahoma. Journal of Paleontology, 56:14101433.Google Scholar
McLaughlin, K. P. 1941. Interpretation of the Dutchtown conodont fauna. Unpubl. , University of Missouri–Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, 69 p.Google Scholar
Moskalenko, T. A. 1970. Conodonts from the Krivolutz Stage (Middle Ordovician), Siberian Platform. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Instituta Geologii i Geofiziki Trudy, 61, 116 p.Google Scholar
Moskalenko, T. A. 1972. Ordovician conodonts of the Siberian Platform and their bearing on multielement taxonomy. Geologica et Palaeontologica, Sonderband 1, 4756.Google Scholar
Moskalenko, T. A. 1973. Conodonts of the Middle and Upper Ordovician of the Siberian Platform. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Instituta Geologii i Geofiziki Trudy, 137, 143 p.Google Scholar
Moskalenko, T. A. 1982. Conodonts, p. 100144, 182–190. In Sokolov, B. S. (ed.), Ordovician of the Siberian Platform. Key section on the Kulumbe River. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Instituta Geologii i Geofiziki Trudy, 506.Google Scholar
Moskalenko, T. A. 1984. Conodonts, p. 65106. In Obut, A. M. (ed.), Ordovician of the western Irkutsk Amphitheatre. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Instituta Geologii i Geofiziki Trudy, 529.Google Scholar
Mound, M. C. 1965. A conodont fauna from the Joins Formation (Ordovician), Oklahoma. Tulane Studies in Geology, 4(1):146.Google Scholar
Raring, A. M. 1972. Conodont biostratigraphy of the Chazy Group (lower Middle Ordovician), Champlain Valley, New York and Vermont. Unpubl. , Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, 152 p.Google Scholar
Reineck, H. E., and Singh, I. B. 1980. Depositional sedimentary environments. 2nd ed.Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 549 p.Google Scholar
Rexroad, C. B., Droste, J. B., and Ethington, R. L. 1982. Conodonts from the Everton Dolomite and the St. Peter Sandstone (lower Middle Ordovician) in a core from southwestern Indiana. Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Geological Survey Occasional Paper 39, 13 p.Google Scholar
Ross, R. J. Jr. 1984. The Ordovician System, progress and problems. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science, 12:307335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, R. J. Jr., Adler, F. J., Amsden, T. W., Bergström, D., Bergström, S. M., Carter, C., Churkin, M., Cressman, E. A., Derby, J. R., Dutro, J. T. Jr., Ethington, R. L., Finney, S. C., Fisher, D. W., Fisher, J. H., Harris, A. G., Hintze, L. F., Ketner, D. B., Kolata, D. L., Landing, E., Neuman, R. B., Sweet, W. C., Pojeta, J. Jr., Potter, A. W., Rader, E. K., Repetski, J. E., Shaver, R. H., Thompson, T. L., and Webers, G. F. 1982. The Ordovician System in the United States. International Union of Geological Sciences, no. 12, 73 p.Google Scholar
Serpagli, E. 1974. Lower Ordovician conodonts from precordilleran Argentina (Province of San Juan). Bolletino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 13:1798.Google Scholar
Shinn, E. A. 1983. Tidal flat environment, p. 172210. In Scholle, P. A., Bebout, D. G., and Moore, C. H. (eds.), Carbonate Depositional Environments. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 33.Google Scholar
Starke, J. M. Jr. 1961. Areal geology of northeastern Cherokee County, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological Survey Circular 57, 62 p.Google Scholar
Stauffer, C. R. 1930. Conodonts from the Decorah Shale. Journal of Paleontology, 4:121128.Google Scholar
Stauffer, C. R. 1935. Conodonts of the Glenwood beds. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 46:125168.Google Scholar
Stouge, S. S. 1984. Conodonts of the Middle Ordovician Table Head Formation, western Newfoundland. Fossils and Strata, 16, 145 p.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C. 1955. Conodonts from the Harding Formation (Middle Ordovician) of Colorado. Journal of Paleontology, 29:226262.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C. 1981. Phragmodus flexuosus, p. 255259. In Ziegler, W. (ed.), Catalogue of Conodonts. E. Schweizbart'sche Verlag, Stuttgart, IV.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C. 1982. Conodonts from the Winnipeg Formation (Middle Ordovician) of the northern Black Hills, South Dakota. Journal of Paleontology, 56:10291049.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C.Ethington, R. L., and Barnes, C. R. 1971. North American Middle and Upper Ordovician conodont faunas, p. 163193. In Sweet, W. C. and Bergström, S. (eds.), Symposium on conodont biostratigraphy. Geological Society of America Memoir 127.Google Scholar
Taff, J. A. 1905. Tahlequah Folio. U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Atlas, 122.Google Scholar
Van Houten, F. B. 1966. Cyclic lacustrine sedimentation, Upper Triassic Lockatong Formation, central New Jersey and adjacent Pennsylvania. Kansas State Geological Survey Bulletin, 169, 2:497531.Google Scholar