Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T20:20:08.989Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Modelling Ship Density Using a Molecular Dynamics Approach

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2019

Zihao Liu Open the ORCID record for Zihao Liu [Opens in a new window] ,
Zhaolin Wu  and
Zhongyi Zheng
Zihao Liu*
Affiliation:
(Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China)
Zhaolin Wu
Affiliation:
(Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China)
Zhongyi Zheng
Affiliation:
(Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China)
*
(E-mail: [email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Ship density is widely accepted as a basic and major indicator to reflect the marine traffic situation, but it has some limitations in representing the compactness and complexity of ship traffic. To overcoming these limitations, the paper proposes a novel ship density model based on the radial distribution function in molecular dynamics. The proposed model can identify the density and compactness of traffic around each ship and then map the ship density from a microscopic perspective. In addition, the proposed model can identify the global density and the complexity of ship traffic to some extent in the macroscopic perspective. Utilising case studies, the effectiveness of the proposed model is validated through the analysis of ship density in several regions in the Bohai Strait area. The proposed model is developed to help marine surveillance operators gain a better understanding of the traffic situation and to assist them in their work, eventually contributing to navigational safety.

Keywords

Ship DensityShip CompactnessAIS DataRadial Distribution Function
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Navigation , Volume 73 , Issue 3 , May 2020 , pp. 628 - 645
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Institute of Navigation 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Aarsæther, K. G. and Moan, T. (2009). Estimating navigation patterns from AIS. The Journal of Navigation, 62, 587–607.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Altan, Y. C. and Otay, E. N. (2017). Maritime traffic analysis of the Strait of Istanbul based on AIS data. The Journal of Navigation, 70, 1367–1382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Altan, Y. C. and Otay, E. N. (2018). Spatial mapping of encounter probability in congested waterways using AIS. Ocean Engineering, 164, 263–271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aronsen, M. (2017). Density Mapping of Ship Traffic. FOSS4G – Boston 2017. Available at: https://2017.foss4g.org/post_conference/Density-mapping-of-ship-traffic-FOSS4G.pdf. [Accessed 04 July 2019].Google Scholar
Azariadis, P. (2017). On using density maps for the calculation of ship routes. Evolving Systems, 8, 135–145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baladacci, A. and Carthel, C. (2009). Maritime Traffic Characterization with the Automatic Identification System. NATO Workshop on Data Fusion and Anomaly Detection for Maritime Situational Awareness, La Spezia, Italy.Google Scholar
Bauer, R. C., Birk, J. P. and Marks, P. (2009). Introduction to Chemistry: A Conceptual Approach, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc.Google Scholar
Castro, M. C. T. (2017). Invasive species in the northeastern and southwestern Atlantic Ocean: a review. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 116, 41–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chandler, D. (1987). Introduction to Modern Statistical Mechanics. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Debnath, A. K. and Chin, H. C. (2016). Modelling collision potentials in port anchorages: application of the navigational traffic conflict technique (NTCT). The Journal of Navigation, 69, 138–196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delahaye, D. and Puechmorel, S. (2000). Air Traffic Complexity: Towards Intrinsic Metrics. Proceedings of the Third USA/Europe Air Traffic Management R & D Seminar, Napoli, Italy.Google Scholar
Fujii, Y. and Shiobara, R. (1971). The analysis of traffic accidents. The Journal of Navigation, 24, 534–543.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goerlandt, F. and Kujala, P. (2011). Traffic simulation based ship collision probability modeling. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 96, 91–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goerlandt, F., Montewka, J., Zhang, W. and Kujala, P. (2017). An analysis of ship escort and convoy operations in ice conditions. Safety Science, 95, 198–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, C. A. and Meyer, W. W. (1976). Optimal error bounds for cubic spline interpolation. Journal of Approximation Theory, 16, 105–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
IUPAC (1987). International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Compendium of Chemical Terminology: IUPAC Recommendations. Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Kaminski, M. L. and Rigo, P. (2018). Proceedings of the 20th International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress (ISSC 2018) Volume 1. IOS Press.Google Scholar
Kokotos, D., Linardatos, D., Nikitakos, N. and Tzannatos, E. (2010). Information and Telecommunication Technology in Shipping Vol I. Stamoulis S. A. Publishers.Google Scholar
Kokotos, D., Linardatos, D., Nikitakos, N. and Tzannatos, E. (2011). Information and Telecommunication Technology in Shipping Vol II. Stamoulis S. A. Publishers.Google Scholar
Laudeman, I. V., Shelden, S. G., Branstrom, R. and Brasil, C. L. (1998). Dynamic Density: An Air Traffic Management Metric. NASA/TM-1998-112226. Available at: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19980210764.pdf. [Accessed 03 Apr. 2019].Google Scholar
Ma, X., He, J., Xie, X., Zhu, J. and Ma, B. (2019). Study of C-S-H gel and C-A-S-H gel based on molecular dynamics simulation. Concrete, 351, 118–122. (in Chinese)Google Scholar
Macduff, T. (1974). The probability of vessel collisions. Ocean Industry, 9, 144–148.Google Scholar
MMO (2014). Marine Management Organisation. Mapping UK Shipping Density and Routes from AIS. Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/317770/1066.pdf. [Accessed 03 Apr. 2019].Google Scholar
McQuarrie, D. A. (1976). Statistical Mechanics. Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Merrick, J. R. W., Van Dorp, J. R., Blackford, J. P., Shaw, G. L., Harrald, J. and Mazzuchi, T. A. (2003). A traffic density analysis of proposed ferry service expansion in San Francisco Bay using a maritime simulation model. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 81, 119–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pauling, L. (1988). General Chemistry. Dover Publications.Google Scholar
Scheepens, R., Willems, N., van de Wetering, H. and van Wijk, J. (2012). Interactive density maps for moving objects. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 32, 56–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silveira, P. A. M., Teixeira, A. P. and Guedes Soares, C. (2013). Use of AIS data to characterise marine traffic patterns and ship collision risk off the coast of Portugal. The Journal of Navigation, 66, 879–898.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Szlapczynski, R. and Szlapczynska, J. (2017). A method of determining and visualizing safe motion parameters of a ship navigating in restricted waters. Ocean Engineering, 129, 363–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wen, Y., Huang, Y., Zhou, C., Yang, J., Xiao, C. and Wu, X. (2015). Modelling of marine traffic flow complexity. Ocean Engineering, 104, 500–510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Widom, B. (2002). Statistical Mechanics A Concise Introduction for Chemists. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, Z. and Zhu, J. (2002). Marine Traffic Engineering. Dalian Maritime University Press. (in Chinese)Google Scholar
Wu, L., Xu, Y., Wang, Q., Wang, F., and Xu, Z. (2017). Mapping global shipping density from AIS data. The Journal of Navigation, 70, 67–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamaguchi, T., Asanuma, I., Park, J. G., Mackin, K. J. and Mittleman, J. (2016). Estimation of Vessel Traffic Density from Suomi NPP VIIRS Day/Night Band. OCEANS 2016 MTS/IEEE Monterey, Monterey, CA.Google Scholar
Yip, T. L. (2013). A marine traffic flow model. TransNav: International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, 7, 109–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, F. and Liu, L. (2013). Research on a method for analysis of ship traffic density in harbor water area based on GIS. IEEE Conference Anthology, China.CrossRefGoogle Scholar