The Eritrean Question: a Colonial Case?

Okbazghi Yohannes

doi:10.1017/S0022278X00010132

The Eritrean Question: a Colonial Case?

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 November 2008

Okbazghi Yohannes

Article contents

Extract
References

Get access

Rights & Permissions

Extract

Both Eritreans and Ethiopians have been trying to sway international opinion about one of the most ticklish questions of modern nationalism which seems to defy rational analysis. This study attempts to present their contending views, and to find an interpretative framework for understanding this continuing conflict in the Horn of Africa.

Type: Articles
Information: The Journal of Modern African Studies , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , December 1987 , pp. 643 - 668

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X00010132 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1987

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

^{Page 643 note 1} ‘Joint Declaration of the ELF and the EPLF’, in ‘ The Eritrean Case. Proceedings of the Permanent People's Tribunal, Milan, Italy, May 24–26, 1980’, pp. 24–26.

^{Page 643 note 2} Selassie, Bereket Habte, ‘From British Rule to Federation and Annexation’, in Association of Eritrean Students in North America, ‘In Defence of Eritrea’, May 1978, p. 55.Google Scholar

^{Page 644 note 1} ‘Joint Declaration of the ELF and the EPLF’, p. 21.

^{Page 644 note 2} Selassie, Bereket Habte, in Davidson, Basil et al. (eds.), Behind the War in Eritrea (Nottingham, 1980), p. 45.Google Scholar

^{Page 645 note 1} E.P.L.F. Memorandum, August 1978, p. 21.

^{Page 645 note 2} Cited in Bimbi, Guido, ‘The National Liberation Struggle and the Liberation Fronts’, in ‘The Eritrean Case’, pp. 204–5.Google Scholar

^{Page 645 note 3} Selassie, Bereket Habte, ‘The American Dilemma on the Horn’, in The Journal of Modern African Studies (Cambridge), 22, 2, 06 1984, p. 250.Google Scholar

^{Page 647 note 1} For a full analysis of the Dergue's document, see Fessehatzion, Tekie, ‘The International Dimensions of the Eritrean Question’, in Jordan, Gabre-Medhin (ed.), ‘Eritrea: the roots of war’, in Horn of Africa (Summit, N.J.), 1983, pp. 22 ff.Google Scholar

^{Page 647 note 2} Ottaway, Marina and Ottaway, David, Ethiopia: empire in revolution (New York, 1978), p. 167.Google Scholar

^{Page 648 note 1} ‘Ethiopia Attacks Arabs for Aiding Eritrean Secessionists’, in Washington Post, 3 March 1975.

^{Page 648 note 2} Yaqob Haile Mariam, cited in ibid.

^{Page 648 note 3} Addis Fana (Addis Ababa), 11 1976.Google Scholar

^{Page 649 note 1} From ‘The Programme of the Ethiopian Democratic Revolution’, Addis Ababa, April 1976.

^{Page 649 note 2} Lenin, V.I., Collected Works (Moscow, 1964 edn.), Vol. 20, pp. 397 and 400.Google Scholar

^{Page 650 note 1} Lenin, I. V., The Lenin Anthology, edited by Tucker, Robert C. (New York, 1975), p. 174.Google Scholar

^{Page 650 note 2} Baxter, Paul, ‘The Problem of the Oromo or the Problem for the Oromo’, in Lewis, I. M. (ed.), Self-Determination in the Horn of Africa (London, 1983), p. 130.Google Scholar

^{Page 651 note 1} Lenin, , Collected Works, Vol. 20, p. 22.Google Scholar

^{Page 652 note 1} Ottaway and Ottaway, op. cit. p. 176.

^{Page 652 note 2} From E.P.L.F./E.P.R.P. Joint Statement, 3 March 1975.

^{Page 653 note 1} Ethiopian Students Union in North America, ‘The National Question in Ethiopia’, in Combat (?), 5, 2, 1976, p. 28.

^{Page 653 note 2} Ibid. pp. 64–7.

^{Page 654 note 1} Major Asseged, ‘Ethiopia, Revolution, and War, 1974–1978’, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Denver, Colorado, 1982, p. 54.Google Scholar

^{Page 654 note 2} Ibid. p. 55.

^{Page 655 note 1} Deherain, Henri, ‘Competing Views of National Identity in Ethiopia’, cited by Allesandro Triulzi in Lewis (ed.), op. cit. p.122.Google Scholar

^{Page 655 note 2} Davidson, Basil, ‘Forward’, in Richard Sherman, Eritrea: the unfinished revolution (New York, 1980), p. viii.Google Scholar

^{Page 655 note 3} Davidson, Basil, ‘An Historical Note’, in Davidson, et al. (eds.), op. cit. p. 12.Google Scholar

^{Page 656 note 1} Ibid. p. 14.

^{Page 656 note 2} Triulzi, Allesandro, in Lewis (ed.), op. cit. pp. 119–20.Google Scholar

^{Page 656 note 3} Baxter, in ibid. pp. 133–4.

^{Page 656 note 4} Ibid. p. 141.

^{Page 657 note 1} Ibid. p. 142.

^{Page 657 note 2} Greenfield, Richard, ‘ The Pre-Colonial and Colonial History’, in Davidson et al. (eds.), op. cit. p. 17.Google Scholar

^{Page 658 note 1} Mayall, James, ‘Self-Determination and the OAU’, in Lewis (ed.), op. cit. p. 81.Google Scholar

^{Page 658 note 2} K.A.N.U. delegate to the 1963 O.A.U. meeting, quoted by Sally Healy, ‘The Changing Idiom of Self-Determination in the Horn of Africa’, ibid. p. 101.

^{Page 659 note 1} Levine, D.N., Greater Ethiopia: the evolution of a multi-ethnic society (Chicago, 1974), p. 13.Google Scholar

^{Page 659 note 2} Hodgkin, Thomas, Nationalism in Colonial Africa (New York, 1957), pp. 95 ff.Google Scholar

^{Page 659 note 3} Ibid. p. 95.

^{Page 660 note 1} Azikiwe, Nnamdi, cited in Levine, op. cit. p. 13.Google Scholar

^{Page 660 note 2} Lipsky, George A., Ethiopia: its people, its society, its culture (New Haven, 1962), p. 215.Google Scholar

^{Page 660 note 3} It was in conjunction with this new orientation that the Emperor visited the Soviet Union in 1959, when he obtained a $102 million interest-free loan. Hess, Robert R., Ethiopia: the modernization of autocracy (Ithaca, 1970), p. 102.Google Scholar

^{Page 660 note 4} Lipsky, op. cit. p. 228.

^{Page 661 note 1} Hess, op. cit. p. 11.

^{Page 661 note 2} Ibid. p. 214.

^{Page 661 note 3} Ibid. p. 236.

^{Page 662 note 1} Ibrahim Sultan Ali on behalf of the United Parties of the Eritrean Democratic Front, Cairo, 20 March 1963.

^{Page 662 note 2} Hess, op. cit. pp. 185–6.

^{Page 663 note 1} Ethiopian Students Union in North America, p. 28.

^{Page 663 note 2} Ibid. p. 35.

^{Page 664 note 1} Ibid. p. 64.

^{Page 664 note 2} Lenin, V.I., Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism, reprinted in Selected Works in Three Volumes (New York, 1967), Vol. 1, p. 740.Google Scholar

^{Page 664 note 3} Toynbee, A.J., in Gruen, Erich S. (ed.), Imperialism in the Roman Republic (New York, 1970), p. 17.Google Scholar

^{Page 664 note 4} M. Rostovtzeff,Google Scholar in ibid, pp. 85–6.

^{Page 665 note 1} Ibid. pp. 86–9.

^{Page 665 note 2} Fieldhouse, D.K., The Colonial Empires: a comparative survey from the eighteenth century (New York, 1966), pp. 29–33.Google Scholar

^{Page 665 note 3} Ibid. p. 350.

^{Page 666 note 1} Collins, Robert O., Europeans in Africa (New York, 1971), p. 23.Google Scholar

^{Page 666 note 2} Cabral, Amìlcar, Revolution in Guinea (New York, 1969), p. 14.Google Scholar

^{Page 666 note 3} Lenin, , Imperialism, loc. cit. pp. 739–40 and 742.Google Scholar

^{Page 667 note 1} Ibid. p. 743.

^{Page 667 note 2} Triulzi, in Lewis (ed.), op. cit. p. 119.

^{Page 668 note 1} Greenfield, in Davidson et al. (eds.), op. cit. p. 21.

Article contents

The Eritrean Question: a Colonial Case?

Extract

Access options

References

Save article to Kindle

Save article to Dropbox

Save article to Google Drive

Reply to: Submit a response

Your details

You have entered the maximum number of contributors

Conflicting interests