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Acculturation, Socio-Economic Status, and Attitude Change in Tunisia: Implications for Modernisation Theory
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 November 2008
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This article uses survey data from Tunisia to examine some of the ways that individual attitudes change in a developing society. At the same time, it is addressed to some inadequacies of modernisation theory, attempting both to understand better the impact of social change on attitudes, and to delineate the nature and consequences of different kinds of modernisation experiences. Modernisation studies usually treat lifestyle variations produced by social change as uni-dimensional so far as their effect on attitudes is concerned. The present study argues that lifestyles do not always change in an integrated fashion, and in particular that acculturation and socio-economic status, two basic dimensions of individual life circumstances in developing societies, often and increasingly vary independently of one another. It then demonstrates with data from Tunisia that measures of acculturation and socio-economic status bear independent and dissimilar relationships to many attitudes known to be associated with social change, and thereafter discusses the implications of these relationships for modernisation and political development. The focus of the analysis is on general theoretical issues.
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References
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page 485 note 2 Interval data and regression are used here in the interest of parsimony and rigour, but it should be noted that contingency table analysis produced the same findings as those reported in this article in all major respects.
page 486 note 1 In view of the widespread interest in education, a separate partial was computed between years of schooling and each scale with socio-economic status held constant. The findings were identical to those based on the general measure of acculturation. Education is independently associated to a strong and statistically significant degree with only the four cultural orientation scales.
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