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Thermodynamic properties of rare-earth alloys by electrochemical emf measurements

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 September 2020

Timothy Lichtenstein Open the ORCID record for Timothy Lichtenstein [Opens in a new window] ,
Sanghyeok Im ,
Chen-Ta Yu  and
Hojong Kim Open the ORCID record for Hojong Kim [Opens in a new window]
Timothy Lichtenstein
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, USA
Sanghyeok Im
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, USA
Chen-Ta Yu
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, USA
Hojong Kim*
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, USA
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Thermodynamic properties of Nd–Bi and Nd–Sn alloys were determined via electromotive force (emf) measurements at 725–1075 K. The emf measurements of an Nd–Bi alloy at mole fraction xNd = 0.20 were conducted using a solid CaF2–NdF3 electrolyte relative to pure Nd(s). The emf values from the CaF2–NdF3 electrolyte were verified in separate experiments in molten LiCl–KCl–NdCl3 where pure Nd(s) was electrodeposited. The Nd–Bi (xNd = 0.20) exhibited two-phase behavior with a peritectic reaction (L + NdBi = NdBi2) at 926 K from differential scanning calorimetry. The two-phase Nd–Bi (xNd = 0.20) was employed as a stable reference electrode in molten LiCl–KCl–NdCl3 for emf measurements of Nd–Bi (xNd = 0.15–0.40) and Nd–Sn (xNd = 0.10) alloys. The emf measurements of these alloys were reproducible during thermal cycles over 50 h and were used to calculate thermodynamic properties, including the partial molar Gibbs energy, entropy, and enthalpy.

Keywords

thermodynamic propertiesemf measurementsrare-earth elementsrare-earth alloysNd–BiNd–Sn
Type
Article
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Journal of Materials Research , First View , pp. 1 - 9
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Copyright © Materials Research Society 2020

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