Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T18:59:42.511Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Synergistic effect of binary ligands on nucleation and growth/size effect of nanocrystals: Studies on reusability of the solvent

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2014

Chandan H.R. ,
Saravanan V. ,
Ranjith Krishna Pai  and
R. Geetha Balakrishna
Chandan H.R.
Affiliation:
Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Bangalore Rural 562112, India
Saravanan V.
Affiliation:
Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Bangalore Rural 562112, India
Ranjith Krishna Pai
Affiliation:
Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Bangalore Rural 562112, India
R. Geetha Balakrishna*
Affiliation:
Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Bangalore Rural 562112, India
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

An attempt to reduce the effect of major toxic components namely phosphine ligands and unsaturated solvents as being used in conventional nanocrystal synthesis, has been made with a new binary ligand, and a reusable solvent N-octadecane for a smokeless and clean synthesis procedure. The optimized effects of the two ligands oleic acid and octadecyl amine on the nucleation rate and growth of CdSe nanocrystals (NCs) are reported and substantiated by AFM analysis. Oleic acid accelerates particle ripening and nuclei growth, but inhibits nucleation whereas octadecyl amine catalyses nucleation and very gradually improves growth to obtain small stable NCs. Another important feature of the present study is the replacement of 1-octadecene by a competitive N-octadecane as a solvent in such ligand mediated nanocrystal synthesis. The GCMS analysis reports a recovery of 95% of solvent after reuse, thus opening a scope for environmental friendly processes.

Keywords

CdSebinary ligandN-octadecanereusability
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 29 , Issue 14 , 28 July 2014 , pp. 1556 - 1564
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Peng, Z-A. and Peng, X.: Formation of high-quality CdTe, CdSe, and CdS nanocrystals using CdO as precursor. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123, 183 (2001).Google Scholar
Qu, L., Peng, Z-A., and Peng, X.: Alternative routes toward high quality CdSe nanocrystals. Nano Lett. 1(6), 333 (2001).Google Scholar
Reiss, P., Bleuse, J., and Pron, A.: Highly luminescent CdSe/ZnSe core/shell nanocrystals of low size dispersion. Nano Lett. 2(7), 781 (2002).Google Scholar
Yu, K., Singh, S., Patrito, N., and Chu, V.: Effect of reaction media on the growth and photoluminescence of colloidal CdSe. Langmuir 20, 11161 (2004).Google Scholar
Li, W., Wang, M., Xie, F., Zhu, S., and Zhao, Y.: Synthesis of nanocrystalline CdS quantum dots via paraffin liquid as solvent and oleic acid as the reacting media. Int. J. Nanosci. 11(6), 1240038 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, X., Jiang, Y., Wang, C., Li, S., Ln, X., Chen, Y., and Zhong, H.: Synthesis and spectrum stability of high quality CdTe quantum dots capped with state group in N-oleylmorpholine solvent. J. Cryst. Growth 312, 2656 (2010).Google Scholar
Yu, W-W. and Peng, X.: Formation of high-quality CdS and other II–VI semiconductor nanocrystals in noncoordinating solvents: Tunable reactivity of monomer. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 41(13), 2368 (2002).3.0.CO;2-G>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Embden, J-V. and Mulvaney, P.: Nucleation and growth of CdSe nano crystals in binary ligand system. Langmuir 21, 10226 (2005).Google Scholar
Al-Salim, N., Young, A-G., Tilley, R-D., James McQuilan, A., and Xia, J.: Synthesis of CdSeS nanocrystals in coordinating and noncoordinating solvents: Solvents role in evolution of the optical and structural properties. Chem. Mater. 19, 5185 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sapra, S., Andrey Rogach, L., and Feldmann, J.: Phosphine-free synthesis of monodisperse CdSe nanocrystals in olive oil. J. Mater. Chem. 16, 3391 (2006).Google Scholar
Washington, A.L. II and Strouse, G.F.: Microwave synthesis of CdSe and CdTe nanocrystals in nonabsorbing alkanes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 8916 (2008).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yu, W-W., Qu, L., Guo, W., and Peng, X.: Experimental determination of the extinction coefficient of CdTe, CdSe and CdS nanocrystals. Chem. Mater. 15, 2354 (2003).Google Scholar
Hubschmann, H-J.: Handbook of GC/MS: Fundamentals and Applications (John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, 2009).Google Scholar
Dyer, J-R.: Applications of Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1965).Google Scholar
Pavia, D-L., Lampman, G-M., Kriz, G-S., Sierra, P., and Shcherbyna, L.: Introduction to Spectroscopy (Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole, Belmont, 2008).Google Scholar
Al-Mamun, M.A.: Study of binary systems of long chain alcohols and acids. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 51, 229 (1974).Google Scholar
Sun, M. and Yang, X.: Phosphine free synthesis of high quality CdSe nano crystals in non coordination solvents: “Activating agent” and “nucleating agent” controlled nucleation and growth. J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 8701 (2009).Google Scholar
Mohamed, M.B., Tonti, D., Al-Salman, A., Chemseddine, A., and Chergui, M.: Synthesis of high quality zinc blend CdSe nanocrystals. J. Phys. Chem. B 140, 10533 (2005).Google Scholar
Murray, C-B., Kagan, C-R., and Bawendi, M-G.: Synthesis and characterization of monodisperse nanocrystals and close-packed nanocrystal assemblies. Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. 30, 545 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Babentsov, V., Riegler, J., Schneider, J., Ehlert, O., Nann, T., and Fiederle, M.: Deep level defect luminescence in cadmium selenide nanocrystals film. J. Cryst. Growth 280, 508 (2005).Google Scholar
Vega Macotela, L-G., Torchynska, T-V., and Douda, J.: Radiative interface state study in CdSe/ZnS quantum dots covered by polymer. J. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 176, 1349 (2011).Google Scholar
Jasieniak, J., Bullen, C., and Embden, J-V.: Phosphine free synthesis of CdSe nanocrystals. J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 20665 (2005).Google Scholar
Madelung, O., Rössler, U., and Schulz, M.: II-VI and I-VII compounds; Semimagnetic compounds semiconductors. Landolt-Börnstein Group III Condensed Matter: Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, Vol. 41 (Springer, Berlin, 1999).Google Scholar
Yusuf, H., Kim, W-G., Hoon Lee, D., Guo, Y., and Moffitt, M.G.: Size control of mesoscale aqueous assemblies of quantum dots and block copolymers. Langmuir 23, 868 (2007).Google Scholar
Merz, J-L., Lee, S., and Furdyna, J-K.: Self organised growth, ripening and optical properties of wide bad gap II-VI quantum dots. J. Cryst. Growth 184–185, 228 (1998).Google Scholar
Peng, X., Wickham, J., and Alivisatos, A-P.: Kinetics of II-VI and III-V colloidal semiconductor nanocrystal growth: “Focusing” of size distributions. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 5343 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chandan, H-R. and Geetha Balakrishna, R.: Study on precipitation efficiency of solvents in post preparative treatment of nanocrystals. J. Mater. Res. 28, 3003 (2013).Google Scholar
Pillai, S. and Krishna Pai, R.: Controlled growth and formation of SAMs investigated by atomic force microscopy. Ultramicroscopy 109, 161–166 (2009).Google Scholar
Pillai, S. and Krishna Pai, R.: Effect of lateral morphology formation of polymer blend toward patterning silane-based SAMs using selective dissolution method. Ultramicroscopy 108, 458–464 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lu, W., Wang, B., Zeng, J., Wang, X., Zhang, S., and Hou, J-G.: Synthesis of core/shell nanoparticles of Au/CdSe via Au−Cd bialloy precursor. Langmuir 21, 3684 (2005).Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

H. R. et al.

Supplementary tables and figs

Download H. R. et al.(File)
File 2.7 MB