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Structural transformations in nano- and microobjects triggered by disclinations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 November 2011

Alexey E. Romanov ,
Anatoly A. Vikarchuk ,
Anna L. Kolesnikova ,
Leonid M. Dorogin ,
Ilmar Kink  and
Elias C. Aifantis
Alexey E. Romanov
Affiliation:
Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; and Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Anatoly A. Vikarchuk
Affiliation:
Togliatti State University, 445667 Togliatti, Russia
Anna L. Kolesnikova
Affiliation:
Institute of Problems of Mechanical Engineering, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199178 St. Petersburg, Russia
Leonid M. Dorogin*
Affiliation:
Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
Ilmar Kink
Affiliation:
Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
Elias C. Aifantis
Affiliation:
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Crystalline pentagonal nano- and microrods (PRs) and pentagonal nano- and microparticles (PPs) with 5-fold symmetry are studied. Structure of PRs and PPs and their elastic distortions are characterized in the framework of the disclination approach. Relaxation of mechanical stresses due to disclinations causes structural transformations in PRs and PPs. Experimental evidence of such transformations, namely, the appearance of internal cavities and pores, and growth of whiskers in copper PRs and PPs grown in the process of electrodeposition is demonstrated. A brief review of existing models of stress relaxation in PRs and PPs is presented. We discuss a new model of nanowhisker growth based on the nucleation of two dislocation loops of opposite signs near the surface of the crystal with disclination. As a result, vacancy-type dislocation loop remains in the material and serves as a nucleus for cavity, while the interstitial loop comes to the free surface and contributes to whisker growth.

Keywords

DislocationsElectrodepositionCu
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 27 , Issue 3: Focus Issue: Advances in Mechanics of One-Dimensional Micro/Nanomaterials , 14 February 2012 , pp. 545 - 551
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2011

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