Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T03:49:39.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Phase constituents and growth mechanism of laser in situ synthesized WC reinforced composite coating with W–C–Ni system

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 December 2016

Da Shu ,
Zhuguo Li ,
Ke Zhang ,
Chengwu Yao ,
Dayong Li ,
Youlu Yuan  and
Zhenbang Dai
Da Shu
Affiliation:
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Institute of Precise Forming and Knowledge Based Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; and School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People’s Republic of China
Zhuguo Li*
Affiliation:
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Ke Zhang
Affiliation:
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Chengwu Yao
Affiliation:
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Dayong Li*
Affiliation:
Institute of Precise Forming and Knowledge Based Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Youlu Yuan
Affiliation:
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Zhenbang Dai
Affiliation:
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
*
a) Address all correspondence to these authors. e-mail: [email protected]
b) e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The in situ synthesis of nickel-based composite coating reinforced with WC particle on mild steel has been investigated. Results show a planar crystal at the interface and some relatively coarse columnar dendrites on the side of the coating near the substrate. The synthesized WC particles homogenously distribute in the coating without cracks and pores. The maximum size, mean size, and volume fraction of the WC particle is 270 µm, 35 µm, and 71%, respectively. The microhardness value of the prepared coating can be up to a maximum of 755 HV2. The synthesized WC particles generally show a unique triangular prism shape, whose evolution rule and growth mechanism are investigated by Bravais–Friedel–Donnay–Harker theory. It is deduced that crystal structure and interface energy play important role in determining the shape of WC, which evolves from sphere to hexagonal prism and finally to triangular prism.

Keywords

in situlaser claddingtriangular prismWCmorphology evolution
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 32 , Issue 3 , 14 February 2017 , pp. 557 - 565
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Contributing Editor: Jürgen Eckert

References

REFERENCES

Upadhyaya, G.S.: Cemented Tungsten Carbides: Production, Properties and Testing (William Andrew, Norwich, NY, 1998).Google Scholar
Yuan, Y.L. and Li, Z.G.: Microstructure and dry sliding wear behavior of Fe-based (Cr,Fe)7C3 composite coating fabricated by PTA welding process. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 22(11), 3439 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lou, D., Hellman, J., Luhulima, D., Liimatainen, J., and Lindroos, V.K.: Interactions between tungsten carbide (WC) particulates and metal matrix in WC-reinforced composites. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 340(1), 155 (2003).Google Scholar
Gu, D. and Meiners, W.: Microstructure characteristics and formation mechanisms of in situ WC cemented carbide based hardmetals prepared by selective laser melting. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 527(29–30), 7585 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sun, G-f., Zhang, Y-k., Liu, C-s., Luo, K-y., Tao, X-q., and Li, P.: Microstructure and wear resistance enhancement of cast steel rolls by laser surface alloying NiCr–Cr3C2 . Mater. Des. 31(6), 2737 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, H., Wang, H., Chang, Q., and Wang, H.: Microstructure and thermal physical parameters of Ni60-Cr3C2 composite coating by laser cladding. J. Wuhan Univ. Technol., Mater. Sci. Ed. 25(6), 991 (2010).Google Scholar
Yang, M-S., Liu, X-B., Fan, J-W., He, X-M., Shi, S-H., Fu, G-Y., Wang, M-D., and Chen, S-F.: Microstructure and wear behaviors of laser clad NiCr/Cr3C2–WS2 high temperature self-lubricating wear-resistant composite coating. Appl. Surf. Sci. 258(8), 3757 (2012).Google Scholar
Zhang, D. and Zhang, X.: Laser cladding of stainless steel with Ni–Cr3C2 and Ni–WC for improving erosive–corrosive wear performance. Surf. Coat. Technol. 190(2), 212 (2005).Google Scholar
Hong, S., Wu, Y., Li, G., Wang, B., Gao, W., and Ying, G.: Microstructural characteristics of high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) sprayed nickel-based alloy coating. J. Alloys Compd. 581, 398 (2013).Google Scholar
Bolelli, G., Berger, L-M., Bonetti, M., and Lusvarghi, L.: Comparative study of the dry sliding wear behaviour of HVOF-sprayed WC–(W,Cr)2C–Ni and WC–CoCr hardmetal coatings. Wear 309(1), 96 (2014).Google Scholar
Zavareh, M.A., Sarhan, A.A.D.M., Razak, B.B.A., and Basirun, W.J.: Plasma thermal spray of ceramic oxide coating on carbon steel with enhanced wear and corrosion resistance for oil and gas applications. Ceram. Int. 40(9), 14267 (2014).Google Scholar
Forghani, S.M., Ghazali, M.J., Muchtar, A., Daud, A.R., Yusoff, N.H.N., and Azhari, C.H.: Effects of plasma spray parameters on TiO2-coated mild steel using design of experiment (DoE) approach. Ceram. Int. 39(3), 3121 (2013).Google Scholar
Veinthal, R., Sergejev, F., Zikin, A., Tarbe, R., and Hornung, J.: Abrasive impact wear and surface fatigue wear behaviour of Fe–Cr–C PTA overlays. Wear 301(1), 102 (2013).Google Scholar
Gu, D., Jia, Q., and Bandyopadhyay, A.: Novel crystal growth of in situWC in selective laser-melted W–C–Ni ternary system. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 97(3), 684 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Savalani, M.M., Ng, C.C., Li, Q.H., and Man, H.C.: In situ formation of titanium carbide using titanium and carbon-nanotube powders by laser cladding. Appl. Surf. Sci. 258(7), 3173 (2012).Google Scholar
Jin, S., Shen, P., Lin, Q., Zhan, L., and Jiang, Q.: Growth mechanism of TiC x during self-propagating high-temperature synthesis in an Al−Ti−C system. Cryst. Growth Des. 10(4), 1590 (2010).Google Scholar
Li, Q., Lei, Y., and Fu, H.: Growth characteristics and reinforcing behavior of in situ NbCp in laser cladded Fe-based composite coating. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 31(7), 766 (2015).Google Scholar
De, A.K., Murdock, D.C., Mataya, M.C., Speer, J.G., and Matlock, D.K.: Quantitative measurement of deformation-induced martensite in 304 stainless steel by x-ray diffraction. Scr. Mater. 50(12), 1445 (2004).Google Scholar
Zhou, Y. and Wu, G.H.: Analysis Methods in Materials Science—X-ray Diffraction and Electron Microscopy in Materials Science (Harbin Institute of Technology Press, Harbin, 2007).Google Scholar
Zhou, S. and Zeng, X.: Growth characteristics and mechanism of carbides precipitated in WC–Fe composite coatings by laser induction hybrid rapid cladding. J. Alloys Compd. 505(2), 685 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhong, M., Liu, W., Zhang, Y., and Zhu, X.: Formation of WC/Ni hard alloy coating by laser cladding of W/C/Ni pure element powder blend. Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 24(6), 453 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wulff, G.: Xxv. zur frage der geschwindigkeit des wachsthums und der auflösung der krystallflächen. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie-Crystalline Materials 34(1), 449 (1901).Google Scholar
Prywer, J.: Explanation of some peculiarities of crystal morphology deduced from the BFDH law. J. Cryst. Growth 270(3–4), 699 (2004).Google Scholar
Mullin, J.W.: Crystallization (Butterworth-Heinemann, Amsterdam, 2001).Google Scholar
Donnay, J.D.H. and Harker, D.: A new law of crystal morphology extending the law of Bravais. Am. Mineral. 22(5), 446 (1937).Google Scholar
Hartman, P. and Perdok, W.G.: On the relations between structure and morphology of crystals. I. Acta Crystallogr. 8(1), 49 (1955).Google Scholar
Prywer, J.: Theoretical analysis of changes in habit of growing crystals in response to variable growth rates of individual faces. J. Cryst. Growth 197(1), 271 (1999).Google Scholar
Christensen, M., Wahnstrom, G., Lay, S., and Allibert, C.: Morphology of WC grains in WC–Co alloys: Theoretical determination of grain shape. Acta Mater. 55(5), 1515 (2007).Google Scholar
Christensen, M., Wahnström, G., Allibert, C., and Lay, S.: Quantitative analysis of WC grain shape in sintered WC-Co cemented carbides. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94(6), 066105-1 (2005).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vicens, J., Laurent-Pinson, E., Chermant, J.L., and Nouet, G.: Structural analysis and properties of grain boundaries in hexagonal carbides. J. Phys. Colloq. 49(C5), C5 (1988).Google Scholar