Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T22:08:30.807Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Oxygen-induced amorphization of metallic titanium by ball milling

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Y.Y. Li ,
C. Yang ,
W.P. Chen ,
X.Q. Li  and
M. Zhu
Y.Y. Li
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
C. Yang*
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
W.P. Chen
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
X.Q. Li
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
M. Zhu
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Amorphization of metallic titanium by ball milling was presented. With the introduction of continuous pickup of impurities, hexagonally close-packed (hcp) titanium transformed gradually into an amorphous phase without experiencing any intermediate stage of forming a detectable metastable compound phase. The crystallization temperature of the obtained Ti metal glassy phase is about 640 K. The total concentration of the impurities (oxygen, nitrogen, iron, etc.) in the final product of the milled powders that was obtained after 60 h of milling was 10.85 at.%. The amorphization of metallic titanium may account for the combined effects of the pickup oxygen impurity in small amount and the Gibbs–Thompson effect.

Keywords

AmorphousMechanical alloying
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 22 , Issue 7 , July 2007 , pp. 1927 - 1932
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Suryanarayana, C.: Mechanical alloying and milling. Prog. Mater. Sci. 46, 1 2001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2El-Eskandarany, M. Sherif: Mechanical Alloying for Fabrication of Advanced Engineering Materials, edited by M.S. El-Eskandarany Noyes Publications/William Andrew Publishing, New York 2001 1Google Scholar
3Calka, A.: Formation of titanium and zirconium nitrides by mechanical alloying. Appl. Phys. Lett. 59, 1568 1991CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4Aoki, K., Memezawa, A. Masumoto, T.: Nitrogen-induced amorphization of Ti–Zr powders during mechanical alloying. Appl. Phys. Lett. 61, 1037 1992CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Koch, C.C., Cavin, O.B., McKamey, C.G. Scarbroughy, J.O.: Preparation of “amorphous” Ni60Nb40 by mechanical alloying. Appl. Phys. Lett. 43, 1017 1983CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Kim, M.S. Koch, C.C.: Structural development during mechanical alloying of crystalline niobium and tin powders. J. Appl. Phys. 62, 3450 1987CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7Kübler, A., Eckert, J., Gebert, A. Schultz, L.: Influence of oxygen on the viscosity of Zr-Al-Cu-Ni metallic glasses in the undercooled liquid region. J. Appl. Phys. 83, 3438 1998CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Lucks, I., Lamparter, P. Mittemeijer, E.J.: Uptake of iron, oxygen and nitrogen in molybdenum during ball milling. Acta Mater. 49, 2419 2001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Manna, I., Chattopadhyay, P.P., Nandi, P., Banhart, F. Fecht, H-J.: Formation of face-centered-cubic titanium by mechanical attrition. J. Appl. Phys. 93, 1520 2003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Tokita, M.: Trends in advanced SPS spark plasma sintering system and technology. J. Soc. Powder Technol. Jpn. 30, 790 1993CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11Zhao, Y.H., Sheng, H.W. Lu, K.: Microstructure evolution and thermal properties in nanocrystalline Fe during mechanical attrition. Acta Mater. 49, 365 2001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12Chattopadhyay, P.P., Nambissan, P.M.G., Pabi, S.K. Manna, I.: Polymorphic bcc to fcc transformation of nanocrystalline niobium studied by positron annihilation. Phys. Rev. B 63, 054107 2001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13He, G., Eckert, J. Hagiwara, M.: Glass-forming ability and crystallization behavior of Ti–Cu–Ni–Sn–M (M = Zr, Mo, and Ta) metallic glasses. J. Appl. Phys. 95, 1816 2004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14Zhang, L.C., Xu, J. Ma, E.: Mechanically alloyed amorphous Ti50(Cu4.5Ni4.5)44-XAlXSi4B2 alloy with supercooled liquid region. J. Mater. Res. 17, 1743 2002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Hattori, T., Saitoh, H., Kaneko, H., Okajima, Y., Aoki, K. Utsumi, W.: Does bulk metallic glass of elemental Zr and Ti exist? Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 255504 2006CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16Yang, C., Liu, R.P., Zhan, Z.J., Sun, L.L., Zhang, J., Gong, Z.Z. Wang, W.K.: Formation of ZrTiCuNiBe bulk metallic glass by shock-wave quenching. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 051904 2005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17 Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, edited by S. Nagasaki and M. Hirabayashi (in Japanese, AGNE Gijutsu Center, Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 2002 translated into Chinese by A.S. Liu (Metallurgical Industry Press, Beijing, China 2004 160Google Scholar
18Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, translated into Chinese by A.S. Liu (Ref. 17) 315Google Scholar
19Hellstern, E. Schultz, L.: Amorphization of transition metal Zr alloys by mechanical alloying. Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 124 1986CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20Sakurai, K., Yamada, Y., Ito, M., Lee, C.H., Fukunaga, T. Mizutani, U.: Observation of solid-state amorphization in the immiscible system Cu-Ta. Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 2660 1990CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, translated into Chinese by A.S. Liu (Ref. 17) 320Google Scholar
22 JCPDS File No. 44-1294Google Scholar
23 JCPDS File Nos. 72-1806, 73-1117, 73-1583, and 76-1644, 1998CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24Inoue, A.: Stabilization of metallic supercooled liquid and bulk amorphous alloys. Acta Mater. 48, 279 2000CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25Schultz, R., Trudeau, M., Huot, J.Y. Neste, A.V.: Interdiffusion during the formation of amorphous alloys by mechanical alloying. Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 2849 1989CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26Mo, W., Deng, G.Z. Luo, F.C.: Titanium Metallurgy Metallurgical Industry Press, Beijing, China 2004 36Google Scholar
27Schwarz, R.B. Koch, C.C.: Formation of amorphous alloys by the mechanical alloying of crystalline powders of pure metals and powders of intermetallics. Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 146 1986CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28Nagel, C., Rätzke, K., Schmidtke, E., Wolff, J., Geyer, U. Faupel, F.: Free-volume changes in the bulk metallic glass Zr46.7Ti8.3Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5 and the undercooled liquid. Phys. Rev. B. 57, 10224 1998CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29Kaufman, L.: Phase Stability in Metals and Alloys, edited by P.S. Rudman, J. Stringer, and R.I. Jaffe McGraw-Hill, London, British 1966 125Google Scholar
30Wang, Y., Fang, Y.Z., Kikegawa, T., Lathe, C., Saksl, K., Franz, H., Schneider, J.R., Gerward, L., Wu, F.M., Liu, J.F. Jiang, J.Z.: Amorphouslike diffraction pattern in solid metallic titanium. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 155501 2005CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed