Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-29T13:30:09.290Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Microstructure and properties of aluminum AA6061-T6 to copper (Cu)-T2 joints by cold metal transfer joining technology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 August 2016

Z.P. Cai ,
B.Q. Ai ,
R. Cao ,
Q. Lin  and
J.H. Chen
Z.P. Cai
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
B.Q. Ai
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, China
R. Cao*
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, China
Q. Lin
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, China
J.H. Chen
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, China
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Recently, cold metal transfer (CMT) process has been successfully applied to weld dissimilar metals. In this paper, two different aluminum alloy AA6061-T6 and pure copper T2 lapped joints were performed by CMT with AA4043 aluminum alloy wire as the filler metal. Results indicated that sound lapped joints between aluminum alloy AA6061-T6 and pure copper T2 could be performed by CMT technology. The joint was composed of Al–Al welding joint and Al–Cu brazing joint. The Al–Al welding joint was formed between the Al weld metal and the Al base metal, and the weld metal in Al–Al welding joint was composed of α-Al solid solution, α-Al, and CuAl eutectic phase. Al–Cu brazing joint was formed between the Al weld metal and the local molten Cu base metal, and composed of three copper-weld metal interfaces with a large amount of intermetallic compounds (IMCs), i.e., CuAl2, CuAl. The optimum strength of two joints could reach up to 1.23 kN and 1.56 kN, respectively, which was mainly due to the differences of the size of Cu/Al IMCs and stress condition. In addition, the distribution of microhardness and fracture surface of two joints were observed and analyzed in detail.

Keywords

cold metal transferaluminum alloypure copperwelding–brazingintermetallic compounds
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 31 , Issue 18: Focus Section: Reinventing Boron Chemistry for the 21st Century , 28 September 2016 , pp. 2876 - 2887
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Kahl, S. and Osikowicz, W.: Composite aluminum–copper sheet material by friction stir welding and cold rolling. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 14, 30 (2013).Google Scholar
Henryk, P., Lidia, L-S., and Mariusz, P.: Microstructure and phase constitution near the interface of explosively welded aluminum/copper plates. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 44A, 3836 (2013).Google Scholar
Weigl, M., Albert, F., and Schmidt, M.: Enhancing the ductility of laser-welded copper–aluminum connections by using adapted filler materials. Phys. Procedia 12, 332 (2011).Google Scholar
Xu, W.F., Liu, J.H., and Chen, D.L.: Material flow and core/multi-shell structures in a friction stir welded aluminum alloy with embedded copper markers. J. Alloys Compd. 509, 8449 (2011).Google Scholar
Abdollah-Zadeh, A., Saeid, T., and Sazgari, B.: Microstructural and mechanical properties of friction stir welded aluminum/copper lap joints. J. Alloys Compd. 460, 535 (2008).Google Scholar
Jean Pierre, B., Franziska, P., Renè, S., and Stefan, S.: Solid-state welding of aluminum to copper-case studies. Weld. World 57, 541 (2013).Google Scholar
Saeida, T., Abdollah-zadehb, A., and Sazgarib, B.: Weldability and mechanical properties of dissimilar aluminum–copper lap joints made by friction stir welding. J. Alloys Compd. 490, 652 (2010).Google Scholar
Ouyang, J., Yarrapareddy, E., and Kovacevic, R.: Microstructural evolution in the friction stir welded 6061 aluminum alloy (T6-temper condition) to copper. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 172, 110 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akbari, M., Bahemmat, P., Haghpanahi, M., and Besharati Givi, M-K.: Enhancing metallurgical and mechanical properties of friction stir lap welding of Al–Cu using intermediate layer. Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining 18, 518 (2013).Google Scholar
Elrefaey, A., Takahashi, M., and Ikeuchi, K.: Preliminary investigation of friction stir welding aluminium/copper lap joints. Weld. World 49, 93 (2005).Google Scholar
Firouzdor, V. and Kou, S.: Al-to-Cu friction stir Lap welding. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 43A, 303 (2012).Google Scholar
Cao, R., Sun, J.H., Chen, J.H., and Wang, P.C.: Weldability of CMT joining of AA6061T6 to boron steels with various coatings. Weld. J. 93, 193 (2014).Google Scholar
Cao, R., Wang, T., Wang, C., Feng, Z., Lin, Q.L., and Chen, J.H.: Cold metal transfer welding–brazing of pure titanium TA2 to magnesium alloy AZ31B. J. Alloys Compd. 605, 12 (2014).Google Scholar
Cao, R., Sun, J.H., and Chen, J.H.: Mechanisms of joining aluminium A6061-T6 and titanium Ti–6Al–4V alloys by cold metal transfer technology. Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining 18, 425 (2013).Google Scholar
Cao, R., Wen, B.F., Chen, J.H., and Wang, P.C.: Cold metal transfer joining of magnesium AZ31B-to-aluminum A6061-T6. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 560, 256 (2013).Google Scholar
Wang, P.F., Chen, X.Z., Pan, Q.H., Madigan, B., and Long, J.Q.: Some key issue during laser welding of aluminum to steel: An overview. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Tech. (2016). DOI: 10.1007/s00170-016-8725-y.Google Scholar
Zhang, K., Bian, X., Li, Y., Liu, Y., and Yang, C.: New evidence for the formation and growth mechanism of the intermetallic phase formed at the Al/Fe interface. J. Mater. Res. 28, 3279 (2013).Google Scholar
Wang, X.Y., Gu, X.Y., Sun, D.Q., and Xi, C.Y.: Interface characteristics and mechanical behavior of metal inert-gas arc welded Mg–steel joints. J. Mater. Res. 31, 589 (2016).Google Scholar
Cao, R., Feng, Z., and Chen, J.H.: Ti–Cu microstructures and properties of titanium–copper lap welded joints by cold metal transfer technology. Mater. Des. 53, 192 (2014).Google Scholar
Sindo, K.: Welding Metallurgy (Wiley, Hoboken, 2003).Google Scholar
Sietins, J.M., Gillespie, J.W. Jr., and Advani, S.G.: Transmission electron microscopy of an ultrasonically consolidated copper–aluminum interface. J. Mater. Res. 29, 1970 (2014).Google Scholar
Aydin, K., Kaya, Y., and Kahraman, N.: Experimental study of diffusion welding/bonding of titanium to copper. Mater. Des. 37, 356 (2012).Google Scholar