Hostname: page-component-5cf477f64f-mgq6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-06T21:49:52.290Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of biomimetic hydroxyapatite-gelatin nanocomposites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

Ching-Chang Ko ,
Michelle Oyen ,
Alison M. Fallgatter ,
Jin-Hong Kim ,
Jim Fricton  and
Wei-Shou Hu
Ching-Chang Ko*
Affiliation:
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7450; and Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Michelle Oyen
Affiliation:
Center for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22902
Alison M. Fallgatter
Affiliation:
Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Jin-Hong Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Jim Fricton
Affiliation:
Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Wei-Shou Hu
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

A hydroxyapatite-gelatin nanocomposite system has been developed to resemble the composition and ultrastructure of natural bone for the application of tissue engineering. In the current study, variations in composition—content of gelatin and glutaraldehyde crosslinker—were examined in the context of mechanical properties and material biocompatibility. It was found that increasing the gelatin concentration resulted in a decreased hydroxyapatite crystal length and was associated with a slight increase in elastic modulus. Increases in gelatin and glutaraldehyde content were associated with increased material fracture toughness. Cellular biocompatibility tests, including cellular attachment and proliferation assays, were also used to assist in the process of optimizing gelatin and glutaraldehyde content. Optimized biomimetic nanocomposite materials for in vivo applications will likely be a compromise between the improved mechanical properties and decreased cytocompatibility associated with increased glutaraldehyde contents.

Keywords

BiomimeticBoneStrength
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 21 , Issue 12 , December 2006 , pp. 3090 - 3098
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Griffith, L.G.: Emerging design principles in biomaterials and scaffolds for tissue engineering. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 961, 83 (2002).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2.Middleton, J.C., Tipton, A.J.: Synthetic biodegradable polymers as orthopedic devices. Biomaterials 21, 2335 (2000).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3.Raustia, A., Pernu, H., Pyhtinen, J., Oikarinen, K.: Clinical and computed tomographic findings in costochondral grafts replacing the mandibular condyle. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 54, 1393 (1996).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.Feinberg, S.E., Hollister, S.J., Halloran, J.W., Chu, T.M.G., Krebsbach, P.H.: Image-based biomimetic approach to reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint. Cell. Tiss. Organs 169, 309 (2001).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Burg, K.J.L., Holder, W.D., Culberson, C.R., Beiler, R.J., Greene, K.G., Loebsack, A.B., Roland, W.D., Eiselt, P., Mooney, D.J., Halberstadt, C.R.: Comparative study of seeding methods for three-dimensional polymeric scaffolds. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 51, 642 (2000).3.0.CO;2-L>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Burgess, E.A., Hollinger, J.O. Options for engineering bone, in Frontiers in Tissue Engineering, edited by Patrick, C.W., Mikos, A.G., and McIntire, L.V. (Pergamon Press, New York, 1997) p. 383.Google Scholar
7.Glowacki, J.: Engineered cartilage, bone, joints, and menisci: Potential for temporomandibular joint reconstruction. Cell. Tiss. Organs 169, 302 (2001).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8.Göpferich, A., Peter, S.J., Lucke, A., Lu, L., Mikos, A.G.: Modulation of marrow stromal cell function using poly(D,L-lactic acid)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-mono methylether surfaces. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 46, 390 (1999).3.0.CO;2-N>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9.Lucke, A., Tessmar, J., Schnell, E., Schmeer, G., Göpferich, A.: Biodegradable poly(D,L-lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-monomethyl ether diblock copolymers: Structures and surface properties relevant to their use as biomaterials. Biomaterials 21, 2361 (2000).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10.Chu, T.M.G., Hollister, S.J., Halloran, J.W., Feinberg, S.E., Orton, D.G.: Manufacturing and characterization of 3D hydroxyapatite bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 961, 114 (2002).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Chang, M.C., Ko, C.C., Douglas, W.H.: Preparation of hydroxyapatite-gelatin nanocomposite. Biomaterials 24, 2853 (2003).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12.Chang, M.C., Ko, C.C., Douglas, W.H.: Conformational change of hydroxyapatite-gelatin nanocomposite by glutaraldehyde. Biomaterials 24, 3087 (2003).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Oyen, M., Ko, C.C. Variability of nanoindentation responses of bone and artificial bone-like composites. Advances in Bioengineering, BED, Proceedings of the ASME-IMECE, 391, (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14.ASTM E1304-89 Standard test method for plane strain (chevron-notch) fracture toughness of metallic materials.Google Scholar
15.Cheng, Y-S., Douglas, W.H.: Critical status of crack growth in chevron-notch specimens of elastic-plastic materials. Eng. Fract. Mech. 61, 343 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Ko, C-C., Oyen, M.L., Falgatter, A.M., Hu, W-S. Effects of gelatin on mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite-gelatin nanocomposites, in Mechanical Behavior of Biological and Biomimetic Materials, edited by Bushby, A.J., Ferguson, V.L., Ko, C-C., and Oyen, M.L. (Mater. Res. Soc. Proc., 898E, Warrendale, PA, 2006), p. L08.Google Scholar
17.Oliver, W.C., Pharr, G.M.: An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments. J. Mater. Res. 7, 1564 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Decker, T., Lohmann-Matthes, M-L.: A quick and simple method for the quantitation of lactate dehydrogenase release in measurements of cellular cytotoxicity and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) activity. J. Immunol. Methods 15, 61 (1988).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Rho, J.Y., Zioupos, P., Currey, J.D., Pharr, G.M.: Microstructural elasticity and regional heterogeneity in human femoral bone of various ages examined by nanoindentation. J. Biomech. 35, 189 (2002).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20.Fung, Y.C.: Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues. (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1984).Google Scholar
21.Katz, J.L.: Hard tissue as a composite material. I. Bounds on the elastic behavior. J. Biomech. 4, 455 (1971).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Oyen, M.L., Ko, C.C. Finite element modeling of bone ultrastructure as a two-phase composite, in Mechanical Properties of Bioinspired and Biological Materials, edited by Viney, C., Katti, K., Ulm, F-J., and Hellmich, C. (Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 844, Warrendale, PA, 2005) p. 263.Google Scholar
23.Ko, C.C., Wu, Y-L., Douglas, W.H., Narayanan, R., Hu, W-S. In vitro and in vivo tests of hydroxyapatite-gelatin nanocomposites for bone regeneration: A preliminary report, in Biological and Bioinspired Materials and Devices, edited by Aizenberg, J., Landis, W.J., Orme, C., and Wang, R. (Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 823, Warrendale, PA, 2004) p. 255.Google Scholar
24.Hunter, G.K., Hauschka, P.V., Poole, A.R., Rosenberg, L.C., Goldberg, H.A.: Nucleation and inhibition of hydroxyapatite formation by mineralized tissue proteins. Biochem. J. 317, 59 (1996).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25.Linde, A., Lussi, A.: Mineral induction by polyanionic dentin and bone proteins at physiological ionic conditions. Connect. Tiss. Res. 21, 197 (1989).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed