Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T16:58:27.640Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Large-scale synthesis of amorphous phosphorus nitride imide nanotubes with high luminescent properties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

Qixun Guo ,
Qing Yang ,
Lei Zhu ,
Chengqi Yi  and
Yi Xie
Qixun Guo
Affiliation:
Nano-materials and Nano-chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China; and Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
Qing Yang
Affiliation:
Nano-materials and Nano-chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China; and Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
Lei Zhu
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
Chengqi Yi
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
Yi Xie*
Affiliation:
Nano-materials and Nano-chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China; and Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

A facile solvothermal approach was successfully developed for the large-scale synthesis of amorphous phosphorus nitride imide (H3xP3N5+x) nanotubes with high luminescent properties by the reaction of 1,3,5-hexachlorotriphosphazene (P3N3Cl6) with sodium amide (NaNH2) at low temperatures. Transmission electron microscope images showed that the inner diameter of nanotubes is 120 ± 20 nm, wall thickness is 40 ± 10 nm, and length ranges from several to ten micrometers. Scanning electron microscope images revealed that the proportion of the nanotubes exceeds 90%. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra indicated that the binding energies of P2p and N1s are 133.30 and 398.40 eV, respectively, and the atomic ratio of P:N is 3:5.13. The infrared spectra of the sample are comparable to those of the reported HPN2 and HP4N7. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the product is very robust in a nonoxidizing atmosphere. The structure and the optical properties of the product and the annealed samples were investigated by x-ray diffraction and photoluminescence measurements, respectively.

Keywords

MicrostructureOptical propertiesTransmission electron microscopy (TEM)
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 20 , Issue 2 , February 2005 , pp. 325 - 330
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Schnick, W.: Solid-state chemistry with nonmetal nitrides. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 32, 806 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Badding, J.V.: Solid-state carbon nitrides. Adv. Mater. 9, 877 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Schnick, W., Lucke, J. and Krumeich, F.: Phosphorus nitride P3N5: Synthesis, spectroscopic, and electron microscopic investigations. Chem. Mater. 8, 281 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Kroll, P. and Schnick, W.: A density functional study of phosphorus nitride P3N5: Refined geometries, properties, and relative stability of alpha-P3N5 and gamma-P3N5 and a further possible high-pressure phase delta-P3N5 with kyanite-type structure. Chem. Eur. J. 8, 3530 (2002).3.0.CO;2-6>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Horstmann, S., Irran, E. and Schnick, W.: Phosphorus (V) nitride alpha-P3N5: Synthesis starting from tetraaminophosphonium iodide and crystal structure determination by synchrotron powder diffraction. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 624, 620 (1998).3.0.CO;2-K>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Horstmann, S., Irran, E. and Schnick, W.: Synthesis and crystal structure of phosphorus (V) nitride alpha-P3N5. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 36, 1873 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Schnick, W. and Lucke, J.: Preparation, crystal-structure, and IR spectroscopic investigation of phosphorus nitride imide, HPN2. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 610, 121 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Horstmann, S., Irran, E. and Schnick, W.: Phosphorus(v) nitride imide HP4N7: Synthesis from a molecular precursor and structure determination with synchrotron powder diffraction. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 36, 1992 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9.Horstmann, S., Irran, E. and Schnick, W.: Synthesis, crystal structure, and properties of phosphorus (V) nitride imide HP4N7. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 624, 221 (1998).3.0.CO;2-#>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Landskron, K., Irran, E. and Schnick, W.: High-temperature high-pressure synthesis of the highly condensed nitridophosphates NaP4N7, KP4N7, RbP4N7, and CsP4N7 and their crystal-structure determinations by x-ray powder diffraction. Chem. Eur. J. 5, 2548 (1999).3.0.CO;2-W>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Meng, Z.Y., Peng, Y.Y. and Qian, Y.T.: Microtubes and balls of amorphous phosphorus nitride imide (HPN2) prepared by a benzene-thermal method. Chem. Comm. 5, 469 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Cotton, F.A. and Wilkinson, G.: Advanced Inorganic Chemitry, 6th ed. (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1999), p. 316.Google Scholar
13.Xiao, J.P., Xie, Y., Tang, R. and Luo, W.: Benzene thermal conversion to nanocrystalline indium nitride from sulfide at low temperature. Inorg. Chem. 42, 107 (2003).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Guo, Q.X., Xie, Y., Wang, X.J., Lv, S.C., Hou, T. and Liu, X.M.: Characterization of well-crystallized graphitic carbon nitride nanocrystallites via a benzene-thermal route at low temperatures. Chem. Phys. Lett. 380, 84 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Cao, X.B., Xie, Y. and Li, L.Y.: Crystallization of amorphous colloids: an effective approach for the rapid and large-scale preparation of antimony sulfide dendrites. J. Solid State Chem. 177, 202 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Gu, H.Z., Gu, Y.L., Li, Z.H., Ying, Y.C. and Qian, Y.T.: Low-temperature route to nanoscale P3N5 hollow spheres. J. Mater. Res. 18, 2359 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Meng, Z.Y., Peng, Y.Y., Yang, Z.P. and Qian, Y.T.: Synthesis and characterization of amorphous phosphorus nitride. Chem. Lett. 11, 1252 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Xu, B. and Holdcroft, S.: 1st observation of phosphorescence from pi-conjugated polymers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 8447 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Kawaguchi, M. and Nozaki, K.: Synthesis, structure, and characteristics of the new host material [(C3N3)2(NH)3]n. Chem. Mater. 7, 257 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Jurgens, B., Irran, E., Senker, J., Kroll, P., Muller, H. and Schnick, W.: Melem (2,5,8-triamino-tri-s-triazine), an important intermediate during condensation of melamine rings to graphitic carbon nitride: Synthesis, structure determination by x-ray powder diffractometry, solid-state NMR, and theoretical studies. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 10288 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21.Miller, D.R., Swenson, D.C. and Gillan, E.G.: Synthesis and structure of 2,5,8-triazido-s-heptazine: An energetic and luminescent precursor to nitrogen-rich carbon nitrides. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 5372 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22.Xie, Y., Qian, Y.T., Wang, W.Z., Zhang, S.Y. and Zhang, Y.H.: A benzene-thermal synthetic route to nanocrystalline GaN. Science 272, 1926 (1996).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Guo, Q.X., Xie, Y., Wang, X.J., Zhang, S.Y., Hou, T. and Lv, S.C.: Synthesis of carbon nitride nanotubes with the C3N4 stoichiometry via a benzene-thermal process at low temperature. Chem. Comm. 1, 26 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24.Chen, L.Y., Gu, Y.L., Shi, L., Yang, Z.H., Ma, J.H. and Qian, Y.T.: Room temperature route to phosphorus nitride hollow spheres. Inorg. Chem. Comm. 7, 643 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.Zhao, J., Che, R.Z., Xu, J.R. and Kang, N.: The effects of high pressure on carbon nitride - In situ measurements of micro photoluminescence and infrared spectra. Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 2781 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar