Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T12:34:17.343Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Inhibition of interfacial embrittlement at SnBi/Cu single crystal by electrodeposited Ag film

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Q.S. Zhu
Affiliation:
Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
Z.F. Zhang*
Affiliation:
Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
Z.G. Wang
Affiliation:
Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
J.K. Shang*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
*
a) Address all correspondence to these authors. e-mail: [email protected]
b) Address all correspondence to these authors. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Electrodeposited Ag film was explored as a potential interfacial barrier to Bi segregation for suppressing the interfacial embrittlement of Cu/SnBi interconnects. The presence of Ag film introduced Ag3Sn intermetallic layer at the interface, which effectively prevented Bi from reaching the Cu/intermetallic interface. When the persistent slip bands (PSBs) in the Cu single crystal were driven to impinge the Cu/Cu3Sn interface, interfacial cracking was averted and instead superceded by cracking of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) at the interface.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Glazer, J.: Metallurgy of low-temperature Pb-free solders for electronic assembly. Int. Mater. Rev. 40, 65 1995CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Zeng, K.Tu, K.N.: Six cases of reliability study of Pb-free solder joints in electronic packaging technology. Mater. Sci. Eng., R 38, 55 2002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3Abtew, M.Selvaduray, G.: Lead-free solders in microelectronics. Mater. Sci. Eng., R 27, 95 2000CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4Plumbridge, W.J.: Solders in electronics. J. Mater. Sci. 31, 2501 1996CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Vianco, P.T., Kilgo, A.C.Front, R.: Intermetallic compound layer growth by solid-state reaction between 58Bi–42Sn solder and copper. J. Electron. Mater. 24, 1493 1995CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Mei, Z., Morris, J.W. Jr.: Characterization of eutectic Sn–Bi solder joints. J. Electron. Mater. 21, 599 1992CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7Takaku, Y., Liu, X.J., Ohnuma, I., Kainuma, R.Ishida, K.: Interfacial reaction and morphology between molten Sn base solders and Cu substrate. Mater. Trans. 45, 646 2004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Liu, P.L.Shang, J.K.: Interfacial segregation of bismuth in copper/tin-bismuth solder interconnect. Scripta Mater. 44, 1019 2001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Liu, P.L.Shang, J.K.: Interfacial embrittlement by bismuth segregation in copper/tin-bismuth Pb-free solder interconnect. J. Mater. Res. 16, 1651 2001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Siewert, T., Liu, S., Smith, D.R.Madeni, J.C.Properties of Lead-Free Solders National Institute of Standards and Technology Denver, CO September 2000Google Scholar
11Ghosh, G.: Dissolution and interfacial reactions of thin-film Ti/Ni/Ag metallizations in solder joints. Acta Mater. 49, 2609 2001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12Zhu, Q.S., Zhang, Z.F., Shang, J.K.Wang, Z.G.: Fatigue damage mechanisms of copper single crystal/Sn–Ag–Cu interfaces. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 435–436, 588 2006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Yao, D.Shang, J.K.: Effect of aging on fatigue-crack growth at Sn–Pb/Cu interfaces. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 26A, 2677 1995CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14Luzzi, D.E., Yan, M., Sob, M.Vitek, V.: Atomic structure of a grain boundary in a metallic alloy: Combined electron microscope and theoretical study. Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 1894 1991CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Alber, U., Mullejans, H.Rühle, M.: Bismuth segregation at copper grain boundaries. Acta Mater. 47, 4047 1999CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Duscher, G., Chisholm, M.F., Alber, U.Rühle, M.: Bismuth-induced embrittlement of copper grain boundaries. Nat. Mater. 3, 621 2004CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17Van Agterveld, D.T.L., Palasantzas, G.De Hosson, J.Th.M.: Effects of precipitates in Cu upon impact fracture: An ultra-high-vacuum study with local probe scanning auger/electron microscopy. Acta Mater. 48, 1995 2000CrossRefGoogle Scholar