Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T07:04:48.576Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of temperature on the spark plasma sintering of calcium fluoride ceramics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 August 2014

Shi Chen  and
Yiquan Wu
Shi Chen
Affiliation:
Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering, New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred University, Alfred, New York 14802, USA
Yiquan Wu*
Affiliation:
Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering, New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred University, Alfred, New York 14802, USA
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The commercially abundant low purity calcium fluoride powder was directly loaded for spark plasma sintering (SPS). In a vacuum atmosphere with a constant pressure held at 70 MPa the sintering temperature was systematically varied in the range of 500–850 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques were used to characterize the raw powder; and for studying the microstructural properties and in-line transmittance of the finalized ceramics, SEM and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used. Digital images of the 700 °C sintered translucent CaF2 ceramic were taken along with transmittance recordings. The grain growth mechanisms and activation energy values were determined; and the influences of temperature on the relative density, grain size, and optical transmittance were demonstrated. Furthermore, for the first time, a plausible predominant mechanism was proposed for describing the different sintering stages of calcium fluoride ceramics.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 29 , Issue 19: Focus Issue: Optical Ceramics Science , 14 October 2014 , pp. 2297 - 2302
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Lyberis, A., Stevenson, A.J., Suganuma, A., Ricaud, S., Druon, F., Herbst, F., Vivien, D., Gredin, P., and Mortier, M.: Effect of Yb3+ concentration on optical properties of Yb:CaF2 transparent ceramics. Opt. Mater. 34, 965 (2012).Google Scholar
Lyberis, A., Patriarche, G., Gredin, P., Vivien, D., and Mortier, M.: Origin of light scattering in ytterbium doped calcium fluoride transparent ceramic for high power lasers. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 31, 1619 (2011).Google Scholar
Aubry, P., Bensalah, A., Gredin, P., Patriarche, G., Vivien, D., and Mortier, M.: Synthesis and optical characterizations of Yb-doped CaF2 ceramics. Opt. Mater. 31, 750 (2009).Google Scholar
Šulc, J., Doroschenko, M.E., Jelínková, H., Basiev, T.T., Konyushkin, V.A., and Osiko, V.V.: Tunability of laser based on Yb-doped hot-pressed CaF2 ceramics. Proc. SPIE 8433, 84331 (2012).Google Scholar
Samuel, P., Ishizawa, H., Ezura, Y., Ueda, K.I., and Babu, S.M.: Spectroscopic analysis of Eu doped transparent CaF2 ceramics at different concentration. Opt. Mater. 33, 735 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucas, J., Smektala, F., and Adam, J.L.: Fluorine in optics. J. Fluorine Chem. 114, 113 (2002).Google Scholar
Blasse, G.: Scintillator materials. Chem. Mater. 6, 1465 (1994).Google Scholar
Madding, R.P.: IR window transmittance temperature dependence. Proc. of InfraMation, ITC 104 A 2004-07-27.Google Scholar
Viday, Y.T., Grinyov, B.V., Zagarij, L.B., Zverev, N.D., Chernikov, V.V., Tarasov, V.A., and Kudin, A.M.: Research and development of ceramic scintillators applied to alpha-particle detection. IEEE Nucl. Sci. Symp. Med. Imaging Conf. 2, 762 (1995).Google Scholar
Basiev, T.T., Doroshenko, M.E., Konyushkin, V.A., Osiko, V.V., Fedorov, P.P., Demidenko, V.A., Dukel´skii, K.V., Mironov, I.A., and Smirnov, A.N.: Fluoride optical nanoceramics. Russ. Chem. Bull. 57, 877 (2008).Google Scholar
Hatch, S.E., Parsons, W.F., and Weagley, R.J.: Hot-pressed polycrystalline CaF2: Dy2+ laser. Appl. Phys. Lett. 5, 153 (1964).Google Scholar
Allison, E.B. and Murray, P.: A fundamental investigation of the mechanism of sintering. Acta Metall. 2, 487 (1954).Google Scholar
Burke, J.E.: Recrystallization and sintering in ceramics. Sintering Key Papers, 1990, p. 17.Google Scholar
Kim, B., Hiraga, K., Morita, K., and Yoshida, H.: Spark plasma sintering of transparent alumina. Scr. Mater. 57, 607 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, S. and Wu, Y.: New opportunities for transparent ceramics. Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 92, 32 (2013).Google Scholar
Boatner, L.A., Neal, J.S., Jellison, G., Ramey, J.O., North, A., Wisniewska, M., Payzant, A.E., Howe, J.Y., Lempicki, A., Brecher, C., and Glodo, J.: Development of novel polycrystalline ceramic scintillators. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 55, 1501 (2008).Google Scholar
Rahaman, M.N.: Ceramic Processing and Sintering (Marcel Dekker, New York, 2003), pp. 540–619.Google Scholar
Lu, K.: Sintering of nanoceramics. Int. Mater. Rev. 53, 21 (2008).Google Scholar
Orru, R., Licheri, R., Locci, A.M., Cincotti, A., and Cao, G.: Consolidation/synthesis of materials by electric current activated/assisted sintering. Mater. Sci. Eng., R 63, 127 (2009).Google Scholar
Kingery, W.D. and Berg, M.: Study of the initial stages of sintering solids by viscous flow, evaporation condensation, and self-diffusion. J. Appl. Phys. 26, 1205 (1955).Google Scholar
Fedorov, P.P., Osiko, V.V., Kuznetsov, S.V., and Garibin, E.A.: Fluoride laser nanoceramics. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 345, 012017 (2012).Google Scholar