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Effects of Sub-ångstrom (pico-scale) Structure of Surfaces on Adhesion, Friction, and Bulk Mechanical Properties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2005

Jacob Israelachvili ,
Nobuo Maeda ,
Kenneth J. Rosenberg  and
Mustafa Akbulut
Jacob Israelachvili*
Affiliation:
Materials Department and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
Nobuo Maeda
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
Kenneth J. Rosenberg
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
Mustafa Akbulut
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] This article is based on the MRS Medal Award presentation given by Jacob N. Israelachvili on December 1, 2004, at the Materials Research Society’s Fall Meeting in Boston. An edited transcript of the award presentation was published in the MRS Bulletin in July 2005. This JMR article has expanded technical content and has additional coauthors.
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Abstract

We review experimental results—over the past 10–15 years and more recent theoretical modeling and computer simulations—on the effects of surface subnanoscale texture on adhesion and friction and the implications for certain mechanical properties of materials such as Mode I and Mode II failure. Examples and comparisons include surfaces that are adhesive or nonadhesive, rough or smooth, hard or soft (e.g., viscoelastic polymers), dry (unlubricated) or lubricated. One important conclusion is that the ultrafine picoscale details of a surface lattice or its roughness (“texture”) can be the most important factor in determining its friction and Mode II fracture, whereas such effects are less important for determining adhesion forces and Mode I fracture processes. Such studies are also clarifying the molecular and atomic basis of many well-established adhesion and tribological laws and empirical observations and are revealing new fundamental insights and relationships between nanoscale (molecular) and macroscale processes.

Keywords

AdhesionFrictionNanostructured surfaces
Type
Reviews
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 20 , Issue 8 , August 2005 , pp. 1952 - 1972
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2005

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