Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-vpsfw Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-21T19:02:59.709Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of high magnetic field on austenite formation and grain size in a hypereutectoid carbon steel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 July 2014

Junjie Li  and
Wei Liu
Junjie Li*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
Wei Liu*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The effects of magnetic field on the austenite formation and grain size were studied by applying high magnetic field during the different stages. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the microstructure evolution for the samples treated without and with magnetic field. Magnetic field dramatically retards the austenite formation kinetics including pearlite to austenite transformation and cementite dissolution. The austenite grain size is enlarged by the magnetic field applied during austenite formation and not affected by the magnetic field applied only during austenite grain coarsening. The austenite treated with magnetic field during the whole austenitization process also has a larger grain size. The changes in austenite formation kinetics and grain size are related to lower nucleation rate of austenite caused by magnetic field.

Keywords

steelphase transformationgrain size
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 29 , Issue 13 , 14 July 2014 , pp. 1448 - 1455
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Joo, H.D., Choi, J.K., Kim, S.U., Shin, N.S., and Koo, Y.M.: An effect of a strong magnetic field on the phase transformation in plain carbon steels. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 35A, 1663 (2004).Google Scholar
Joo, H.D., Kim, S.U., Shin, N.S., and Koo, Y.M.: An effect of high magnetic field on phase transformation in Fe-C system. Mater. Lett. 43, 225 (2000).Google Scholar
Choi, J.K., Ohtsuka, H., Xu, Y., and Choo, W.Y.: Effects of a strong magnetic field on the phase stability of plain carbon steels. Scr. Mater. 43, 221 (2000).Google Scholar
Guo, H. and Enomoto, M.: Influence of magnetic fields on α/γ equilibrium in Fe-C(-X) alloys. Mater. Trans. 41, 911 (2000).Google Scholar
Fields, R. and Graham, C.D. Jr.: Effect of high magnetic fields on the martensite transformation. Metall. Trans. A 7A, 719 (1976).Google Scholar
Ohtsuka, H.: Effects of a high magnetic field on bainitic transformation in Fe-based alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 438, 136 (2006).Google Scholar
Ludtka, G.M., Jaramillo, R.A., Kisner, R.A., Nicholson, D.M., Wilgen, J.B., Mackiewicz-Ludtka, G., and Kalu, P.N.: In situ evidence of enhanced transformation kinetics in a medium carbon steel due to a high magnetic field. Scr. Mater. 51, 171 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, G.H., Enomoto, M., Hosokawa, N., Kagayama, M., and Adachi, Y.: Influence of magnetic field on ferrite transformation in a Fe-C-Mn alloy. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 321, 4010 (2009).Google Scholar
Enomoto, M., Guo, H., Tazuke, Y., Abe, Y.R., and Shimotomai, M.: Influence of magnetic field on the kinetics of proeutectoid ferrite transformation in iron alloys. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 32, 445 (2001).Google Scholar
Zhou, Z., Zhang, G., and Wu, K.: Effect of strong magnetic field on isothermal transformation of degenerate pearlite in an Fe-C-Mo alloy. Acta Metall. Sin. 23, 248 (2010).Google Scholar
Zhang, Y.D., Esling, C., Gong, M.L., Vincent, G., Zhao, X., and Zuo, L.: Microstructural features induced by a high magnetic field in a hypereutectoid steel during austenite decomposition. Scr. Mater. 54, 1897 (2006).Google Scholar
Zhang, G.H. and Enomoto, M.: Influence of magnetic field on isothermal pearlite transformation in Fe-C-Ni hypoeutectoid alloy. Mater. Sci. Technol. 26, 269 (2010).Google Scholar
He, C.S., Zhang, Y.D., Zhao, X., Zuo, L., He, J.C., Watanabe, K., Zhang, T., Nishijima, G., and Esling, C.: Effects of a high magnetic field on microstructure and texture evolution in a cold-rolled interstitial-free (if) steel sheet during annealing. Adv. Eng. Mater. 5, 579 (2003).Google Scholar
Martikainen, H.O. and Lindroos, V.K.: Observations on the effect of magnetic field on the recrystallization in ferrite. Scand. J. Metall. 10, 3 (1981).Google Scholar
Masahashi, N., Matsuo, M., and Watanabe, K.: Development of preferred orientation in annealing of Fe-3.25%Si in a high magnetic field. J. Mater. Res. 13, 457 (1998).Google Scholar
Zhang, Y.D., Zhao, X.A., Bozzolo, N., He, C.S., Zuo, L.A., and Esling, C.: Low temperature tempering of a medium carbon steel in high magnetic field. ISIJ Int. 45, 913 (2005).Google Scholar
Zhou, Z.N. and Wu, K.M.: Molybdenum carbide precipitation in an Fe-C-Mo alloy under a high magnetic field. Scr. Mater. 61, 670 (2009).Google Scholar
Xia, Z.X., Zhang, C., Lan, H., Liu, Z.Q., and Yang, Z.G.: Effect of magnetic field on interfacial energy and precipitation behavior of carbides in reduced activation steels. Mater. Lett. 65, 937 (2011).Google Scholar
Bae, C.M., Nam, W.J., and Lee, C.S.: Effects of microstructural parameters on work hardening of pearlite at small strains. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 31, 2665 (2000).Google Scholar
Choi, H.C. and Park, K.T.: The effect of carbon content on the Hall-Petch parameter in the cold drawn hypereutectoid steels. Scr. Mater. 34, 857 (1996).Google Scholar
Li, J.J., Godfrey, A., and Liu, W.: Effects of austenitization and cooling rates on the microstructure in a hypereutectoid steel. Acta Metall. Sin. 49, 583 (2013).Google Scholar
Li, Z.D., Miyamoto, G., Yang, Z.G., and Furuhara, T.: Nucleation of austenite from pearlitic structure in an Fe-0.6C-1Cr alloy. Scr. Mater. 60, 485 (2009).Google Scholar
Elwazri, A.M., Wanjara, P., and Yue, S.: Effect of prior-austenite grain size and transformation temperature on nodule size of microalloyed hypereutectoid steels. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 36A, 2297 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, X.J., Fang, Y.M., Wang, C.P., Ma, Y.Q., and Peng, D.L.: Effect of external magnetic field on thermodynamic properties and phase transitions in Fe-based alloys. J. Alloys Compd. 459, 169 (2008).Google Scholar
Lange, W.F. III, Enomoto, M., and Aaronson, H.I.: Kinetics of ferrite nucleation at austenite grain boundaries in Fe-C alloys. Metall. Trans. A 19A, 427 (1988).Google Scholar
Shtansky, D.V., Nakai, K., and Ohmori, Y.: Pearlite to austenite transformation in an Fe-2.6Cr-1C alloy. Acta Mater. 47, 2619 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakamichi, S., Tsurekawa, S., Morizono, Y., Watanabe, T., Nishida, M., and Chiba, A.: Diffusion of carbon and titanium in gamma-iron in a magnetic field and a magnetic field gradient. J. Mater. Sci. 40, 3191 (2005).Google Scholar
Porter, D.A. and Easterling, K.E.: Phase Transformations in Metals and Alloys, 2nd ed. (Chapman & Hall, London, 1992), pp. 79–82.Google Scholar
Zhang, Y.D., Esling, C., Muller, J., He, C.S., Zhao, X., and Zuo, L.: Magnetic-field-induced grain elongation in a medium carbon steel during its austenitic decomposition. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 212504-1–212504-3 (2005).Google Scholar
Zhang, Y.D., Gey, N., He, C.S., Zhao, X., Zuo, L., and Esling, C.: High temperature tempering behaviors in a structural steel under high magnetic field. Acta Mater. 52, 3467 (2004).Google Scholar
Tsurekawa, S., Okamoto, K., Kawahara, K., and Watanabe, T.: The control of grain boundary segregation and segregation-induced brittleness in iron by the application of a magnetic field. J. Mater. Sci. 40, 895 (2005).Google Scholar
Elwazri, A.M., Wanjara, P., and Yue, S.: The effect of microstructural characteristics of pearlite on the mechanical properties of hypereutectoid steel. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 404, 91 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Gong, M., Esling, C., Zhao, X., and Zuo, L.: Magnetic-field-induced microstructural features in a high carbon steel during diffusional phase transformation. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 324, 4184 (2012).Google Scholar