Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T18:51:06.690Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Direct measurement of fiber bridging in notched glass-ceramic-matrix composites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2006

Konstantinos G. Dassios*
Affiliation:
University of Patras, Department of Materials Science, Rio University Campus, GR-26504, Greece; and Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, Mechanics of Materials Laboratory, Platani, Platani Patras GR-26504, Greece
Costas Galiotis
Affiliation:
University of Patras, Department of Materials Science, Rio University Campus, GR-26504, Greece; and Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, Mechanics of Materials Laboratory, Platani, Platani Patras GR-26504, Greece
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

A novel, high-resolution remote Raman microscope was used for the direct in situ assessment of deformation on bridging fibers in a double-edge-notched SiC-Nicalon reinforced ceramic-glass matrix composite at various stages of monotonic tensile loading. The effect of notch length on the bridging strain profiles obtained by individually probing a large number of fibers across the bridged ligament of the composite was investigated. Bridging strain measurements in the microscale are used to identify the role and sequence of the failure micromechanisms developing within the bridging zone and are compared with their macromechanically derived counterparts. The difference of 25% in failure strain between the as-received fiber and the maximum value obtained on composite-fibers through laser Raman microscopy (LRM), is attributed to the different patterns of fiber failure in composites as compared to the techniques used for fibers characterization such as monofilament and bundle testing in air. This article demonstrates how the LRM-strain data can be utilized to obtain a direct, microscale measure of the interfacial-shear strength of the composite. The obtained interfacial shear strength (ISS) value of 7 MPa compares well with the macromechanically predicted value and offers a much higher precision compared to other experimental techniques.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Cox, B.N.: Extrinsic factors in the mechanics of bridged cracks. Acta Mater. 39, 1189 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Foote, R.M.L., Mai, Y-W., Cotterell, B.: Crack growth resistance in strain-softening materials. J. Mech. Phys. Solids. 34, 593 (1986).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Jacobsen, T.K., Sorensen, B.F.: Mode I intra-laminar crack growth in composites–modelling of R-curves from measured bridging laws Compos. Part A-Appl. S. 32, 1 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Sutcu, M.: Weibull statistics applied to fiber failure in ceramic composites and work of fracture. Acta Mater. 37, 651 (1989).Google Scholar
5.Llorca, J., Singh, N.: Influence of fiber and interfacial properties on fracture behaviour of fiber-reinforced ceramic composites. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 74, 2882 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Zok, F., Sbaizero, O., Hom, C., Evans, A.G.: Mode I fracture resistance of a laminated fiber-reinforced ceramic. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 74, 187 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Fett, T., Munz, D., Yu, C-T., Kobayashi, A.: Determination of bridging stresses in reinforced Al2O3. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 77, 3267 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Rausch, G., Kuntz, M., Grathwohl, G.: Determination of the in situ fiber strength in ceramic-matrix composites from crack-resistance evaluation using single-edge notched-beam tests. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 83, 2762 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9.Pezzotti, G., Muraki, N., Maeda, N., Satou, K., Nishida, T.: In situ measurement of bridging stresses in toughened silicon nitride using raman microprobe spectroscopy. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 82, 1249 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Belnap, J.D., Tsai, J-F., Shetty, D.K.: Direct measurement of crack shielding in ceramics by the application of laser Raman spectroscopy. J. Mater. Res. 9, 3183 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Pezzotti, G., Okudaa, H., Muraki, N., Nishida, T.: In-situ determination of bridging stresses in Al2O3/Al2O3-platelet composites by fluorescence spectroscopy. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 19, 601 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Dassios, K.G., Galiotis, C., Kostopoulos, V., Steen, M.: Direct in situ measurements of bridging stresses in CFCCs. Acta Mater. 51, 5359 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Galiotis, C., Paipetis, A., Vlattas, C.: Remote laser raman microscopy (ReRaM): Part 1. Design and testing of a confocal microprobe. J. Raman Spectrosc. 27, 519 (1996).Google Scholar
14.Galiotis, C.: Interfacial studies on model composites using laser raman spectroscopy. Compos. Sci. Technol. 42, 125 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Bollet, F., Galiotis, C., Reece, M.J.: Measurement of strain distribution in fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites. Composites 27, 729 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Filiou, C., Galiotis, C.: In situ monitoring of the fiber strain distribution in carbon fibre thermoplastic composites using laser raman spectroscopy: Part 1. Effect of applied tensile stress. Compos. Sci. Technol. 59, 2149 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Dassios, K.G., Galiotis, C.: Fluorescence studies of polycrystalline Al2O3 composite constituents: Piezo-spectroscopic calibration and applications. Appl. Phys. A 79, 647 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Schadler, L.S., Galiotis, C.: A review of the fundamentals and applications of LRS microprobe strain measurements. Int. Mater. Rev. 40, 116 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Coustoumer, P. Le, Monthioux, M., Oberlin, A.: Understanding Nicalon fiber. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 11, 95 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Porte, L., Sartre, A.: Evidence for a silicon oxycarbide phase in the Nicalon silicon carbide fiber. J. Mater. Sci. 24, 271 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21.Young, R.J., Broadbridge, A.B.L., So, C-L.: Analysis of SiC fibers and composites using Raman microscopy. J. Microsc. 196, 257 (1999).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Melanitis, N. An investigation of the tensile, compressive and interfacial properties of carbon fibres using laser Raman spectroscopy. Ph.D. Thesis, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, London, UK (1991).Google Scholar
23.Anagnostopoulos, G., Parthenios, J., Andreopoulos, A.G., Galiotis, C.: An experimental and thoretical study of the stress transfer problem in fibrous composites. Acta Mater. 53, 4173 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24.Simon, G., Bunsell, A.R.: Mechanical and structural characterization of the Nicalon silicon carbide fiber. J. Mater. Sci. 19, 3649 (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.Curtin, W.A.: Theory of mechanical properties of ceramic-matrix composites. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 74, 2837 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26.Drissi-Habti, M.: Assessment of the mechanical behavior of SiC fiber reinforced magnesium lithium aluminosilicate glass-ceramic matrix composite tested under uniaxial tensile loading. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 17, 33 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27.Benoit, M., Brenet, P., Rouby, D.: Behavior of interfaces in ceramic-ceramic composites. Rev. Compos. Mater. Avancés. 3, 235 (1993).Google Scholar
28.Avenston, J., Cooper, G.A., Kelly, A. Single and multiple fracture in the properties of fiber-composites, in Proceedings of the National Physical Laboratory (IPC Science and Technology Press Ltd., London, UK, 1971), pp. 1526.Google Scholar