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Clay swelling inhibition mechanism of α,ω-diaminoalkanes in Portland Brownstone

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Timothy Wangler  and
George W. Scherer
Timothy Wangler
Affiliation:
Princeton University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
George W. Scherer*
Affiliation:
Princeton University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Many clay-bearing sedimentary stones such as Portland Brownstone will swell when exposed to water, and this can generate damaging stresses as differential strains evolve during a wetting cycle. Current swelling inhibitors, consisting of α,ω-diaminoalkanes, can reduce swelling in Portland Brownstone up to 50%. In this study, through x-ray diffraction and swelling strain experiments, we demonstrate that the α,ω-diaminoalkanes inhibit swelling by substituting for interlayer cations and partially hydrophobicizing the interlayer, then rehydrating on subsequent wetting cycles. We also introduce the copper (II) ethylenediamine complex as a potential treatment for swelling inhibition.

Keywords

IntercalationLayeredX-ray diffraction (XRD)
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 24 , Issue 5 , May 2009 , pp. 1646 - 1652
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

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