Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-09T22:45:00.127Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Change in mechanical properties and microstructure of 201 stainless steel with increased nitrogen alloying

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

J.C. Rawers ,
G. Asai  and
J.S. Dunning
J.C. Rawers
Affiliation:
Albany Research Center, United States Bureau of Mines, Albany, Oregon 97321-2198
G. Asai
Affiliation:
Albany Research Center, United States Bureau of Mines, Albany, Oregon 97321-2198
J.S. Dunning
Affiliation:
Albany Research Center, United States Bureau of Mines, Albany, Oregon 97321-2198
Get access

Abstract

It is well known that mechanical properties of commercial stainless steel are improved by alloying with nitrogen. In this study a series of nitrogenated commercial 201 stainless steel alloys with nitrogen levels as high as 2.6 wt. % were obtained by melting in a hot-isostatic-pressure furnace using nitrogen as the pressurizing gas. Nitrogen concentrations in excess of 1.25 wt. % formed a series of different chromium nitride precipitates and morphologies depending upon the nitrogen concentration. Five different nitrogen levels were fabricated using the same processing conditions recommended for 201 stainless steel including hot-and cold-working, and heat-treating at two different temperatures. Tensile strength of the nitrogenated materials at each processing step was related to the interstitial nitrogen concentration and the presence or absence of precipitates. The presence of chromium precipitates did reduce the fracture ductility and changed the fracture features. This U.S. Bureau of Mines study shows that increasing the nitrogen concentration in commercial steels above their current level has positive effects on mechanical properties as long as the nitrogen solubility level is not exceeded and chromium nitride precipitates begin to form.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 9 , Issue 12 , December 1994 , pp. 3160 - 3169
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1High Nitrogen Steel '88 Conference Proc, May 18–20, 1988, Lille, France, edited by Foct, J. and Hendry, A. (Institute of Metals, London, 1989).Google Scholar
2Metals Handbook Desk Edition, edited by Boyer, H. E. and Gall, T. L. (ASM, Metals Park, OH, 1985).Google Scholar
3Stein, G., Menzel, J., and Dorr, H., in High Nitrogen Steel '88 Conference Proc, May 18–20, 1988, Lille, France, edited by Foct, J. and Hendry, A. (Institute of Metals, London, 1989), p. 32.Google Scholar
4Rawers, J. C., Dunning, J. S., Asai, G., and Reed, R. P., Metall.Trans. A 23A, 2061 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Speidel, M. O., in High Nitrogen Steel '88 Conference Proc, May 18–20, 1988, Lille, France, edited by Foct, J. and Hendry, A. (Institute of Metals, London, 1989), p. 92.Google Scholar
6Feichtinger, H., Satir-Kolorz, A., and Xiao-hong, Z., in High Nitrogen Steel '88 Conference Proc, May 18–20, 1988, Lille, France, edited by Foct, J. and Hendry, A. (Institute of Metals, London, 1989), p. 75.Google Scholar
7Kikuchi, M., Kajihara, M., and Choi, S-K., Mater. Sci. Eng. 146, 131 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Menzel, J., Stein, G., and Dahlmann, P., in High Nitrogen Steel '88 Conference Proc, May 18–20, 1988, Lille, France, edited by Foct, J. and Hendry, A. (Institute of Metals, London, 1989), p. 147.Google Scholar
91991 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Sec. 3 (ASTM, Philadelphia, PA, 1991).Google Scholar
10High Nitrogen Steel '90 Conf. Proc, October 10–12, 1990, Aachen, Germany, edited by Stain, G. and Witulski, H. (Sthaleisen, Diisseldorf, Germany, 1990).Google Scholar
11Byrnes, M. L. G., Grujicic, M., and Owen, W. S., Acta Metall. 5, 1853 (1988).Google Scholar
12Handbook of Stainless Steel, edited by Peckner, D. and Bernstein, I. (McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1977).Google Scholar