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Precipitation and austenite reversion behavior of a maraging steel produced by selective laser melting

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 August 2014

Eric A. Jägle ,
Pyuck-Pa Choi ,
Jan Van Humbeeck  and
Dierk Raabe
Eric A. Jägle*
Affiliation:
Department Microstructure Physics and Alloy Design, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf 40237, Germany
Pyuck-Pa Choi
Affiliation:
Department Microstructure Physics and Alloy Design, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf 40237, Germany
Jan Van Humbeeck
Affiliation:
Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
Dierk Raabe
Affiliation:
Department Microstructure Physics and Alloy Design, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf 40237, Germany
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Materials produced by selective laser melting (SLM) experience a thermal history that is markedly different from that encountered by conventionally produced materials. In particular, a very high cooling rate from the melt is combined with cyclical reheating upon deposition of subsequent layers. Using atom-probe tomography (APT), we investigated how this nonconventional thermal history influences the phase-transformation behavior of maraging steels (Fe–18Ni–9Co–3.4Mo–1.2Ti) produced by SLM. We found that despite the “intrinsic heat treatment” and the known propensity of maraging steels for rapid clustering and precipitation, the material does not show any sign of phase transformation in the as-produced state. Upon aging, three different types of precipitates, namely (Fe,Ni,Co)3(Ti,Mo), (Fe,Ni,Co)3(Mo,Ti), and (Fe,Ni,Co)7Mo6 (µ phase), were observed as well as martensite-to-austenite reversion around regions of the retained austenite. The concentration of the newly formed phases as quantified by APT closely matches thermodynamic equilibrium calculations.

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Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 29 , Issue 17: Focus Issue: The Materials Science of Additive Manufacturing , 14 September 2014 , pp. 2072 - 2079
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2014 

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