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Nanoindentation of polydimethylsiloxane elastomers: Effect of crosslinking, work of adhesion, and fluid environment on elastic modulus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

Fernando Carrillo ,
Shikha Gupta ,
Mehdi Balooch ,
Sally J. Marshall ,
Grayson W. Marshall ,
Lisa Pruitt  and
Christian M. Puttlitz
Fernando Carrillo
Affiliation:
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94110; and Department of Chemical Engineering, EUETIT – Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Terrassa E-08222, Spain
Shikha Gupta
Affiliation:
Medical Polymers Group, Department of Applied Science and Technology, University of California–Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720
Mehdi Balooch
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
Sally J. Marshall
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143; andUniversity of California–Berkeley/University of California–San Francisco, Bioengineering Joint Graduate Group, San Francisco, California 94143
Grayson W. Marshall
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143; andUniversity of California–Berkeley/University of California–San Francisco, Bioengineering Joint Graduate Group, San Francisco, California 94143
Lisa Pruitt
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California–Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720; andUniversity of California—Berkeley/University of California—San Francisco, Bioengineering Joint Graduate Group, San Francisco, California 94143
Christian M. Puttlitz*
Affiliation:
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94110 and, University of California—Berkeley/University of California—San Francisco, Bioengineering Joint Graduate Group, San Francisco, California 94143
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

With the potential to map mechanical properties of heterogeneous materials on a micrometer scale, there is growing interest in nanoindentation as a materials characterization technique. However, nanoindentation has been developed primarily for characterization of hard, elasto-plastic materials, and the technique has not been validated for very soft materials with moduli less than 5 MPa. The current study attempted to use nanoindentation to characterize the elastic moduli of soft, elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) samples (with different degrees of crosslinking) and determine the effects of adhesion on these measurements using adhesion contact mechanics models. Results indicate that nanoindentation was able to differentiate between elastic moduli on the order of hundreds of kilo-Pascals. Moreover, calculations using the classical Hertz contact model for dry and aqueous environment gave higher elastic modulus values when compared to those obtained from unconfined compression testing. These data seem to suggest that consideration of the adhesion energy at the tip-sample interface is a significantly important parameter and needs to be taken into account for consistent elastic modulus determination of soft materials by nanoindentation.

Keywords

Mechanical propertiesNanoindentationPolymer
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 20 , Issue 10 , October 2005 , pp. 2820 - 2830
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2005

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