Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-19T03:07:09.076Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of ultrasonic impact treatment assisted with high energy electropulsing on microstructure of D36 carbon steel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 December 2016

Tao Liu Open the ORCID record for Tao Liu [Opens in a new window] ,
Xiaopei Li ,
Guoyi Tang  and
Guolin Song
Tao Liu
Affiliation:
Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China; and Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
Xiaopei Li
Affiliation:
Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China; and Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
Guoyi Tang*
Affiliation:
Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China; and Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
Guolin Song
Affiliation:
Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China; and Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) combined with high energy electropulsing (EP) was applied to low carbon steel to introduce severe plastic deformation on the surface. The investigation indicated that a strengthened layer with a maximum hardness of approximately 330 HV on cross section was obtained, in comparison with the hardness value of 260 HV resulted from UIT solely. Alongside with high hardness, the enhanced structure layer was extended to a distinguishing depth of 2 mm. Microstructure in the cross section revealed a crack-free superficial layer by EP-UIT and pearlite colonies here experienced morphology variations by redistribution and spheroidization of cementite. A 3 μm oxide layer consisting of amorphous oxide and nitride as well as MnFe2O4 and hematite crystalline was formed on the treated surface. Thermal and athermal effect of EP was the key factor in these phenomena and it is assumed that acoustic softening, electro plasticity, and thermal softening were engaged simultaneously.

Keywords

electropulsingultrasonic impact treatmentsteelhardnessmicrostructure
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 31 , Issue 24 , 28 December 2016 , pp. 3956 - 3967
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Krylov, N. and Polischuk, A.: The use of ultrasonic equipment for metal structure stabilization. Basic Physics of Industrial Ultrasonic Applications, Part 1, 70 (1970).Google Scholar
Mukhanov, I. and Golubev, Y.M.: Strengthening steel components by ultrasonically vibrating ball. Vestn. Mashinostr. 11, 52 (1966).Google Scholar
Malaki, M. and Ding, H.: A review of ultrasonic peening treatment. Mater. Des. 87, 1072 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mordyuk, B., Prokopenko, G., Vasylyev, M., and Iefimov, M.: Effect of structure evolution induced by ultrasonic peening on the corrosion behavior of AISI-321 stainless steel. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 458(1), 253 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, Y., Wang, D., Deng, C., Xia, L., Huo, L., Wang, L., and Gong, B.: Influence of re-ultrasonic impact treatment on fatigue behaviors of S690QL welded joints. Int. J. Fatigue 66, 155 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yekta, R.T., Ghahremani, K., and Walbridge, S.: Effect of quality control parameter variations on the fatigue performance of ultrasonic impact treated welds. Int. J. Fatigue 55, 245 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mordyuk, B., Prokopenko, G., Volosevich, P.Y., Matokhnyuk, L., Byalonovich, A., and Popova, T.: Improved fatigue behavior of low-carbon steel 20GL by applying ultrasonic impact treatment combined with the electric discharge surface alloying. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 659, 119 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dekhtyar, A., Mordyuk, B., Savvakin, D., Bondarchuk, V., Moiseeva, I., and Khripta, N.: Enhanced fatigue behavior of powder metallurgy Ti–6Al–4V alloy by applying ultrasonic impact treatment. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 641, 348 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vilhauer, B., Bennett, C.R., Matamoros, A.B., and Rolfe, S.T.: Fatigue behavior of welded coverplates treated with ultrasonic impact treatment and bolting. Eng. Struct. 34, 163 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abdullah, A., Malaki, M., and Eskandari, A.: Strength enhancement of the welded structures by ultrasonic peening. Mater. Des. 38, 7 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conrad, H.: Electroplasticity in metals and ceramics. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 287(2), 276 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conrad, H. and Sprecher, A.F.: The electroplastic effect in metals. In Dislocations in Solids, Vol. 8, Nabarro, F.R.N., ed. (Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam,1989); p. 497.Google Scholar
Conrad, H.: Effects of electric current on solid state phase transformations in metals. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 287(2), 227 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conrad, H. and Jung, K.: Effects of an electric field and current on phase transformations in metals and ceramics. Mater. Manuf. Processes 19(4), 573 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jiang, Y., Tang, G., Shek, C., Zhu, Y., and Xu, Z.: On the thermodynamics and kinetics of electropulsing induced dissolution of β-Mg17Al12 phase in an aged Mg–9Al–1Zn alloy. Acta Mater. 57(16), 4797 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rahnama, A. and Qin, R.: The effect of electropulsing on the interlamellar spacing and mechanical properties of a hot-rolled 0.14% carbon steel. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 627, 145 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samuel, E.I., Bhowmik, A., and Qin, R.: Accelerated spheroidization induced by high intensity electric pulse in a severely deformed eutectoid steel. J. Mater. Res. 25(06), 1020 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ye, X., Zion, T., Tang, G., and Song, G.: Effect of electroplastic rolling on deformability, mechanical property and microstructure evolution of Ti–6Al–4V alloy strip. Mater. Charact. 98, 147 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, H., Song, G., and Tang, G.: Effect of electropulsing on surface mechanical properties and microstructure of AISI 304 stainless steel during ultrasonic surface rolling process. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 662, 456 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vasylyev, M., Chenakin, S., and Yatsenko, L.: Ultrasonic impact treatment induced oxidation of Ti6Al4V alloy. Acta Mater. 103, 761 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siddiq, A. and El Sayed, T.: Ultrasonic-assisted manufacturing processes: variational model and numerical simulations. Ultrasonics 52(4), 521 (2012).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Siddiq, A. and Ghassemieh, E.: Thermomechanical analyses of ultrasonic welding process using thermal and acoustic softening effects. Mech. Mater. 40(12), 982 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shalvandi, M., Hojjat, Y., Abdullah, A., and Asadi, H.: Influence of ultrasonic stress relief on stainless steel 316 specimens: A comparison with thermal stress relief. Mater. Des. 46, 713 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siddiq, A. and El Sayed, T.: Acoustic softening in metals during ultrasonic assisted deformation via CP-FEM. Mater. Lett. 65(2), 356 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tao, N., Wang, Z., Tong, W., Sui, M., Lu, J., and Lu, K.: An investigation of surface nanocrystallization mechanism in Fe induced by surface mechanical attrition treatment. Acta Mater. 50(18), 4603 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roland, T., Retraint, D., Lu, K., and Lu, J.: Fatigue life improvement through surface nanostructuring of stainless steel by means of surface mechanical attrition treatment. Scr. Mater. 54(11), 1949 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mordyuk, B.N. and Prokopenko, G.I.: Ultrasonic impact peening for the surface properties' management. J. Sound Vib. 308(3), 855 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guo, C., Wang, Z., Wang, D., and Hu, S.: Numerical analysis of the residual stress in ultrasonic impact treatment process with single-impact and two-impact models. Appl. Surf. Sci. 347, 596 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liao, M., Chen, W., and Bellinger, N.: Effects of ultrasonic impact treatment on fatigue behavior of naturally exfoliated aluminum alloys. Int. J. Fatigue 30(4), 717 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sprecher, A., Mannan, S., and Conrad, H.: Overview no. 49: On the mechanisms for the electroplastic effect in metals. Acta Metall. 34(7), 1145 (1986).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keh, A. and Leslie, W.: Recent observations on quench-aging and strain-aging of iron and steel. In Materials Science Research, Keh, A. ed.; Springer: 1963; p. 208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conrad, H., Chen, Y., and Lu, H.: The influence of an electric charge on the quench aging of a low carbon steel. In First International Conference on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Aging Materials, 1992; p 279.Google Scholar