Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T16:15:12.376Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Cyclic response and fatigue failure of Nitinol under tension–tension loading

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2019

Dhiraj Catoor
Affiliation:
Medtronic Corporate Science, Technology, and Clinical Affairs, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55432, USA
Zhiwei Ma
Affiliation:
School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
Sharvan Kumar*
Affiliation:
School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Fatigue of superelastic Nitinol in the mixed austenite–martensite state was examined in tension using center-tapered dog-bone specimens. A prestraining procedure, mimicking the load history of a medical device component, was applied prior to cycling: specimens were loaded to a fully martensitic state, unloaded partway into the lower plateau to a mixed-phase state, and then subjected to sinusoidal displacement cycles. Strain maps, obtained using digital image correlation, showed substantial variation in local mean and alternating strains across the gage section. In situ surface imaging using a high-speed camera confirmed crack initiation in a narrow transition zone between austenite and martensite that undergoes cyclic stress-induced martensitic transformation (SIMT). Fatigue life data showed an abrupt transition from high-cycle runouts to low-cycle fatigue failures at a stress amplitude level corresponding to the threshold for activating cyclic SIMT. The fatigue threshold can be estimated from the tensile loading–unloading curve.

Type
Invited Feature Paper
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

This paper has been selected as an Invited Feature Paper.

References

McKelvey, A.L. and Ritchie, R.O.: Fatigue-crack growth in the superelastic endovascular stent material nitinol. In Biomedical Materials-Drug Delivery, Implants and Tissue Engineering, Vol. 550, Neenan, T., Marcolongo, M., and Valentini, R.F., eds. (Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., Pittsburgh, PA, 1999); p. 281.Google Scholar
Robertson, S.W., Pelton, A.R., and Ritchie, R.O.: Mechanical fatigue and fracture of Nitinol. Int. Mater. Rev. 57, 1 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melton, K.N. and Mercier, O.: Fatigue of NiTi thermoelastic martensites. Acta Metall. 27, 137 (1979).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miyazaki, S., Sugaya, Y., and Otsuka, K.: Effects of various factors on fatigue life of Ti–Ni alloys. Proc. MRS Int. Meet. Adv. Mater. 9, 251 (1988).Google Scholar
Kim, Y.S. and Miyazaki, S.: Fatigue properties of Ti–50.9 at.% Ni shape memory wires. In Proceedings of SMST-97 (Int. Org. on SMST, Pacific Grove, CA, 1997); p. 473.Google Scholar
Kim, Y.: Fatigue properties of the Ti–Ni base shape memory alloy wire. Mater. Trans. 43, 1703 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eggeler, G., Hornbogen, E., Yawny, A., Heckmann, A., and Wagner, M.: Structural and functional fatigue of NiTi shape memory alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 378, 24 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wagner, M., Sawaguchi, T., Kausträter, G., Höffken, D., and Eggeler, G.: Structural fatigue of pseudoelastic NiTi shape memory wires. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 378, 105 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bewerse, C., Gall, K.R., McFarland, G.J., Zhu, P., and Brinson, L.C.: Local and global strains and strain ratios in shape memory alloys using digital imagecorrelation. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 568, 134 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zheng, L., He, Y., and Moumni, Z.: Investigation on fatigue behaviors of NiTi polycrystalline strips under stress-controlled tension via in situ macro-band observation. Int. J. Plast. 90, 116 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKelvey, A.L. and Ritchie, R.O.: Fatigue-crack growth behavior in the superelastic and shape-memory alloy nitinol. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 32, 731 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robertson, S.W., Mehta, A., Peltonand, A.R., and Ritchie, R.O.: Evolution of crack-tip transformation zones in superelastic nitinol subjected to in situ fatigue: A fracture mechanics and synchrotron X-ray microdiffraction analysis. Acta Mater. 55, 6198 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daly, S., Miller, A., Ravichandran, G., and Bhattacharya, K.: Experimental investigation of crack initiation in thin sheets of nitinol. Acta Mater. 55, 6322 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robertson, S.W. and Ritchie, R.O.: In vitro fatigue-crack growth and fracture toughness behavior of thin-walled superelastic nitinol tube for endovascular stents: A basis for defining the effect of crack-like defects. Biomaterials 28, 700 (2006).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pelton, A.R.: Nitinol fatigue: A review of microstructures and mechanisms. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 20, 613 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miyazaki, S., Mizukoshi, K., Ueki, T., Sakuma, T., and Liu, Y.: Fatigue life of Ti–50 at.% Ni and Ti–40Ni–10Cu (at.%) shape memory alloy wires. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 273–275, 658 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reinoehl, M., Bradley, D., Bouthot, R., and Proft, J.: The influence of melt practice on final fatigue properties of superelastic NiTi wires. In SMST-2000 Proceedings from the International Conference on Shape Memory and Superelastic Technologies (Int. Org. SMST, Pacific Grove, CA, 2000); p. 397.Google Scholar
Sheriff, J., Pelton, A.R., and Pruitt, L.A.: Hydrogen effects on nitinol fatigue. In Proceedings from the International Conference on Shape Memory and Superelastic Technologies (ASM International, 2004); p. 111.Google Scholar
Morgan, N., Wick, A., DiCello, J., and Graham, R.: Carbon and oxygen levels in nitinol alloys and the implications for medical device manufacture and durability. In Proceedings from the International Conference on Shape Memory and Superelastic Technologies (ASM International, 2006); p. 821.Google Scholar
Sawaguchi, T.A., Kausträter, G., Yawny, A., Wagner, M., and Eggeler, G.: Crack initiation and propagation in 50.9 at.% Ni–Ti pseudoelastic shape memory wires in bending rotation fatigue. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 34, 2847 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wagner, M.F-X. and Eggeler, G.: New aspects of bending rotation fatigue in ultra-fine-grained pseudo-elastic NiTi wires. Int. J. Mater. Res. 97, 1687 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tabanli, R.M., Simha, N.K., and Berg, B.T.: Mean stress effects on fatigue of NiTi. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 273–275, 644 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kugler, C., Matson, D., and Perry, K.E.: Non-zero mean fatigue test protocol for NiTi. In Proceedings from the International Conference on Shape Memory and Superelastic Technologies (Int. Org. SMST, Pacific Grove, CA, 2000); p. 409.Google Scholar
Pelton, A.R., Schroeder, V., Mitchell, M.R., Gong, X.Y., Barney, M., and Robertson, S.W.: Fatigue and durability of Nitinol stents. J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 1, 153 (2008).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robertson, S.W., Launey, M., Shelley, O., Ong, I., Vien, L., Senthilnathan, K., Saffari, P., Schlegel, S., and Pelton, A.R.: A statistical approach to understand the role of inclusions on the fatigue resistance of superelastic Nitinol wire and tubing. J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 51, 119 (2015).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shaw, J.A. and Kyriakides, S.: Thermomechanical aspects of NiTi. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 43, 1243 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leo, P.H., Shield, T.W., and Bruno, O.P.: Transient heat transfer effects on the pseudoelastic behavior of shape-memory wires. Acta Metall. Mater. 41, 2477 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daly, S., Ravichandran, G., and Bhattacharya, K.: Stress-induced martensitic phase transformation in thin sheets of Nitinol. Acta Mater. 55, 3593 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reedlunn, B., Churchill, C.B., Nelson, E.E., Shaw, J.A., and Daly, S.H.: Tension, compression, and bending of superelastic shape memory alloy tubes. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 63, 506 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pelton, A.R., Gong, X-Y., and Duerig, T.W.: Fatigue testing of diamond-shaped specimens. In Medical Device Materials: Proceedings from the Materials & Process for Medical Devices Conference 2003, Shrivastava, S., ed. (ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2004); p. 199.Google Scholar
Ungár, T., Frenzel, J., Gollerthan, S., Ribárik, G., Balogh, L., and Eggeler, G.: On the competition between the stress-induced formation of martensite and dislocation plasticity during crack propagation in pseudoelastic NiTi shape memory alloys. J. Mater. Res. 32, 4433 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duerig, T.W. and Bhattacharya, K.: The influence of the R-phase on the superelastic behavior of NiTi. Shape Mem. Superelasticity 1, 153 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sedmák, P., Pilch, J., Heller, L., Kopeček, J., Wright, J., Sedlák, P., Frostand, M., and Šittner, P.: Grain-resolved analysis of localized deformation in nickel–titanium wire under tensile load. Science 353, 559 (2016).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
James, R.D. and Zhang, Z.: A way to search for multiferroic materials with “unlikely” combinations of physical properties. In Magnetsim and Structure in Functional Matererials, Vol. 79, Planes, A., Manosa, L., and Saxena, A., eds. (Springer Series in Materials Science, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005); p. 159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chluba, C., Ge, W., Lima de Miranda, R., Strobel, J., Kienle, L., Quandt, E., and Wuttig, M.: Ultralow-fatigue shape memory alloy films. Science 348, 1004 (2015).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bonsignore, C.: Present and future approaches to lifetime prediction of superelastic nitinol. Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. 92, 298 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shamimi, A., Amin-Ahmadi, B., Stebner, A., and Duerig, T.: The effect of low temperature aging and the evolution of R-phase in Ni-rich NiTi. Shape Mem. Superelasticity 4, 417 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Runciman, A., Xu, D., Pelton, A.R., and Ritchie, R.O.: An equivalent strain/Coffin-Manson approach to multiaxial fatigue and life prediction in superelastic Nitinol medical devices. Biomaterials 32, 4987 (2011).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed