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Antibacterial activity of nanoporous gold against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2017

Masataka Hakamada*
Affiliation:
Department of Energy Science and Technology, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
Seiji Taniguchi
Affiliation:
Department of Energy Science and Technology, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
Mamoru Mabuchi
Affiliation:
Department of Energy Science and Technology, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Conventional metallic antibacterial materials release metal ions and reactive oxygen species (ROS) for killing bacteria. Herein, we found that nanoporous gold (NPG) exhibits antibacterial activity (AA) at an intermediate relative humidity (RH) of 60% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis in contrast to the inert behavior of bulk gold. The dependence of AA on RH, morphological observations of bacteria on NPG, and transcriptomic analyses of NPG-treated Escherichia coli were investigated. These observations collectively suggest that biological processes in cell walls containing peptidoglycan and cell membranes are significantly disrupted by direct contact with NPG. Metal ions and ROS were not detected, and therefore are not responsible for the present antibacterial properties of NPG. The catalytic nature of NPG may be responsible for its AA, probably because of lattice distortion at the surface of nanosized ligaments with large curvature.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

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Footnotes

b)

Present Address: Sapporo Breweries Ltd., 2 Takasecho, Funahashi, Chiba 273-0014, Japan.

Contributing Editor: Jinju Chen

References

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