Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-rkxrd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-21T05:53:29.218Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Knowledge sharing success and resistance in an engineering department: A case study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 July 2015

Claire M Gardiner*
Affiliation:
School of Management, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
*
Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

The centrality of knowledge sharing to organizations’ sustainability has been established. This research explores and illustrates the influences for individual professionals and paraprofessionals – specifically civil engineers and design drafters – to share their deep, personally constructed knowledge, in a public sector provider of railways infrastructure. It investigates the extent to which: (i) knowledge sharing will be positively influenced by the professional identity, values and knowledge culture to achieve organizational and project goals; and (ii) sharing of deep personal expertise will be influenced by the quality of relational capital among individuals and individual perspectives. It finds that knowledge sharing develops within frameworks established through the alignment among sector, profession and organization values. However, individual behavior is found to be most strongly influenced by the presence and quality of relational capital and individuals’ personal perspectives.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aalbers, R., Dolfsma, W., & Koppius, O. (2013). Rich ties and innovative knowledge transfer within a firm. British Journal of Management, 25(4), 833848. doi:10.1111/1467-8551.12040 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alvesson, M. (2004). Knowledge work and knowledge-intensive firms. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bock, G.-W., Zmud, R. W., Kim, Y.-G., & Lee, J. N. (2005). Behavioral intention formation in knowledge sharing: Examining the roles of extrinsic motivators, social-psychological forces and organizational climate. MIS Quarterly Special Issue, 29(1), 87111.Google Scholar
Bradbury, H., & Bergmann Lichtenstein, B. B. (2000). Rationality in organizational research: Exploring the space between. Organizational Science, 11(5), 551564.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, A. (2014). Identities and identity work in organizations. International Journal of Management Reviews, 17(1), 2040.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bundred, S. (2006). Solution to silos: Joining up knowledge. Public Money and Management, 26(2), 125130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carrillo, P., & Chinowsky, P. (2006). Exploiting knowledge management: The engineering and construction perspective. Journal of Management in Engineering, 22(1), 210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Catino, M., & Patriotta, G. (2013). Learning from errors: Cognition, emotions and safety culture in the Italian air force. Organization Studies, 34(4), 437467.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chinowsky, P., Diekmann, J., & O’Brien, J. (2010). Project organizations as social networks. Journal of Construction Engineering Management, 136(Special Issue: Governance and Leadership Challenges of Global Construction), 452458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connelly, C. E., Ford, D. P., Turel, O., Gallupe, B., & Zweig, D. (2014). I’m too busy (and competitive)! Antecedents of knowledge sharing under pressure. Knowledge Management Research & Practice 12, 7485. doi:10.1057/kmrp.2012.61 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cordeiro-Nilsson, C. M., & Hawamdeh, S. (2011). Leveraging socio-culturally situated tacit knowledge. Journal of Knowledge Management, 15(1), 88103. doi:10.1108/13673271111108710 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crocker, A., & Eckardt, R. (2014). A multi-level investigation of individual unit-level human capital complementarities. Journal of Management, 40, 353370.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crouch, M., & McKenzie, H. (2006). The logic of small samples in interview-based qualitative research. Social Science Information, 45(4), 483499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Currie, G., & Suhomlinova, O. (2006). The impact of institutional forces upon knowledge sharing in the UK NHS: The triumph of professional power and the inconsistency of policy. Public Administration, 84(1), 130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Czarniawska, B. (2011). Narrating organization studies. Narrative Inquiry, 21(2), 337344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2005). The SAGE handbook of qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Feldman, R. M., & Feldman, S. P. (2006). What links the chain: An essay on organizational remembering as practice. Organization 13(6), 861887.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fenwick, T., Nerland, M., & Jensen, K. (2012). Sociomaterial approaches to conceptualising professional learning and practice. Journal of Education and Work, 25(1), 113. doi:10.1080/13639080.2012.644901 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernie, S., Green, S. D., Weller, S. J., & Newcombe, R. (2003). Knowledge, sharing: context, confusion and controversy. International Journal of Project Management, 21, 177187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fincham, R., & Roslender, R. (2004). Rethinking the dissemination of management fashion: Accounting for intellectual capital in UK Case firms. Management Learning, 35(3), 321337.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foss, N. J., Husted, K., & Michailova, S. (2010). Governing knowledge sharing in organizations: Levels of analysis, governance mechanisms, and research directions. Journal of Management Studies, 47, 455482. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.2009.00870.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardiner, C. M. (2008). The generation and sharing of knowledge within organizations: Macro level and micro level influences on individual knowledge sharing orientation and behavior. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.Google Scholar
Georgellis, Y., Iossa, E., & Tabvuma, V.. (2011). Crowding out intrinsic motivation in the public sector. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 21(3), 473493.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gherardi, S. (2012). Docta ignorantia: Professional knowing at the core and at the margins of a practice. Journal of Education and Work, 25(1), 1538. doi:10.1080/13639080.2012.644902 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gherardi, S., & Perrotta, M. (2011). Egg dates sperm: A tale of practice change and its stabilization. Organization, 18(5), 595614.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hotho, J. J., Saka-Helmhout, A., & Becker-Ritterspach, F. (2014). Bringing context and structure back into situated learning. Management Learning, 45(1), 5780. doi:10.1177/1350507612468420 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Inkpen, A. C., & Tsang, E. W. K. (2005). Social capital, networks and knowledge transfer. Academy of Management Review, 30(1), 146165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ivory, C. J., Alderman, N., Thwaites, A. T., McLoughlin, I. P., & Vaughan, R. (2007). Working around the barriers to creating and sharing knowledge in capital goods projects: The client’s perspective. British Journal of Management, 18, 224240. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8551.2006.00495.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Javernick-Will, A. (2012). Motivating knowledge sharing in engineering and construction organizations: Power of social motivations. Journal of Management in Engineering, 28(2), 193202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jensen, K. (2012). Knowledge cultures and professional learning. In D. W. Livingstone, D. Guile, & K. Jensen (Eds.), Professional learning in the knowledge society (pp. 2526). Rotterdam, the Netherlands: Sense Publishers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kjeldsen, A. M. (2014). Dynamics of public service motivation: Attraction–selection and socialization in the production and regulation of social services. Public Administration Review, 74(1), 101112. doi:10.1111/puar.12154 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knorr Cetina, K. (2006). Knowledge in a knowledge society: Five transitions. Knowledge, Work and Society, 4(3), 2341.Google Scholar
Kostova, T., & Roth, K. (2003). Social capital in multinational corporations and a micro-macro model of its formation. Academy of Management Review, 28, 297317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leana, C. R., & Rousseau, D. M. (2000). Relational wealth: The advantages of Stability in a changing economy. NY: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Liu, R., & Hart, S. (2011). Does experience matter? A study of knowledge processes and uncertainty reduction in solution innovation. Industrial Marketing Management, 40, 691698.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyons, S. T., Duxbury, L. E., & Higgins, C. A. (2006). A comparison of the values and commitment of private sector, public sector, and parapublic sector employees. Public Administration Review, 66(4), 605618.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, G., Currie, G., & Finn, R. (2009). Reconfiguring or reproducing intra-professional boundaries? Specialist expertise, generalist knowledge and the ‘modernization’ of the medical workforce. Social Science & Medicine, 68(7), 11911198.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Nerland, M. (2010). Transnational discourses of knowledge and learning in professional work: Examples from computer engineering. Studies in the Philosophy of Education, 29, 183195. doi:10.1007/s11217-009-9170-2 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nicolini, D. (2011). Practice as the site of knowing: Insights from the field of telemedicine. Organization Science, 22(3), 602620. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1100.0556 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noe, R. A., Clarke, A. D. M., & Klein, H. J. (2014). Learning in the twenty-first-century workplace. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1, 245275. doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091321 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Orange, G., Burke, A., & Boam, J. (2000). The facilitation of cross organisational learning and knowledge management to foster partnering within the UK construction industry. Proceedings, 8th European Conference on Information Systems, Vienna, Austria. Retrieved 1 July 2014 from http://is.lse.ac.uk/b-hive Google Scholar
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2005). Modernising government: The way forward. Paris, France: OECD.Google Scholar
Østerlund, C., Carlile, P., Huysman, M., & Wulf, V. (2003). How practice matters: A relational view on knowledge sharing. communities and technologies. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 122.Google Scholar
Perry, J., Hondeghem, A., & Wise, L. (2010). Revisiting the motivational bases of public service: Twenty years of research and an agenda for the future. Public Administration Review, 60, pp. 681690.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pullen, A., & Linstead, S. (2008). Identity and organization. In S. Clegg & J. Bailey (Eds.), International encyclopedia of organization studies (pp. 631635). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Inc.Google Scholar
Rashman, L., Withers, E., & Hartley, J. (2009). Organizational learning and knowledge in public service organizations: A systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Management Reviews, 11(4), 463494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raudsepp, M. (2005). Why is it so difficult to understand the theory of social representations? Culture & Psychology, 11(4), 455468.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rennstam, J., & Ashcraft, K. L. (2014). Knowing work: Cultivating a practice-based epistemology of knowledge in organization studies. Human Relations 67(1), 325. doi:10.1177/0018726713484182 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robson, C. (2011). Real world research: A resource for users of social research methods in applied settings (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ; Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell.Google Scholar
Rubin, H. J., & Rubin, I. S. (2005). Qualitative interviewing: The art of hearing data (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwartz, S. H., Caprara, G. V., Vecchione, M., Paul Bain, P., Bianchi, G., Caprara, M. G., Jan Cieciuch, J., Kirmanoglu, H., Baslevent, C., Lönnqvist, J. E., Mamali, C., Manzi, J., Pavlopoulos, V., Posnova, T., Schoen, H., Silvester, J., Tabernero, C., Torres, C., Verkasalo, M., Vondrakova, E. V., Welzel, C. C., & Zaleski, Z. (2014). Basic personal values underlie and give coherence to political values: A cross national study in 15 countries. Political Behavior, 36, 899930. doi:10.1007/s11109-013-9255-z CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silverman, D. (2013). Doing qualitative research (4th ed.). London: Sage.Google Scholar
Smith, R. (2014). Conceptualising the socio-personal practice of learning in work as negotiation. Vocations and Learning, 7, 127143. doi:10.1007/s12186-013-9109-1 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spitzmuller, M., & Van Dyne, L. (2013). Proactive and reactive helping: Contrasting the positive consequences of different forms of helping. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34, 560580. doi:10.1002/job.1848 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steenhuisen, B., & Van Eeten, M. (2010). Invisible trade-offs of public values: Inside Dutch railways. Public Money & Management, 8(3), 147152.Google Scholar
Thompson, M., & Heron, P. (2006). Relational quality and innovative performance in R & D based science and technology firms. Human Resource Management Journal, 16(1), 2847.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tracy, S. J. (2012). Qualitative research methods: Collecting evidence, crafting analysis, communicating impact. Retrieved 1 May 2014 from http://www.eblib.com.Google Scholar
Tsang, E. W. K. (2014). Generalizing from research findings: The merits of case studies. International Journal of Management Reviews, 16(4), 369383. doi:10.1111/ijmr.12024 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsoukas, H., & Vladimirou, E. (2001). What is organisational knowledge? Journal of Management Studies, 38(7), 973993.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wanberg, J., & Javernick-Will, A. (2012). Long and high jumps: Knowledge sharing connections that span geographic and disciplinary boundaries in interdisciplinary intra-firm networks. Construction Research Congress, 21–23 May, West Lafayette, IN, 1499–1509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, L., Howell, J. P., Hinrichs, K. T., & Prieto, L. (2011). Organizational citizenship behavior: The role of value/identity-based motivation. Journal of Leadership and Organization Studies, 18(1), 1424. doi:10.1177/1548051810382011 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, S., & Noe, R. A. (2010). Knowledge sharing: A review and directions for future research. Human Resource Management Review 20, 115131. doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2009.10.001 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Z., & Wang, N. (2012). Knowledge sharing, innovation and firm performance. Expert Systems with Applications, 39, 88998908. doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2012.02.017 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Yu, Y., Hao, J.-X., Dong, X.-Y., & Khalifa, M. (2013). A multilevel model for effects of social capital and knowledge sharing in knowledge-intensive work teams. International Journal of Information Management, 33, 780790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2013.05.005 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, H., Peng, Z., & Chen, H.-K. (2014). Compulsory citizenship behavior and organizational citizenship behavior: The role of organizational identification and perceived interactional justice. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 148(2), 177196. doi:10.1080/00223980.2013.768591 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed