Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T13:07:44.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The role of race in thyroid cancer: systematic review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 April 2017

E Keane ,
E C Francis ,
É Ó Catháin  and
H Rowley
E Keane*
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
E C Francis
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
É Ó Catháin
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
H Rowley
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
*
Address for correspondence: Ms Emma Keane, Department of ENT/Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Waterford, Dunmore Road, Waterford X91 ER8E, Ireland Fax: 00 353 51 848 847 E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background:

The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing. There is conflicting evidence as to why. However, studies suggest that it is not an apparent increase resulting from enhanced diagnostic practices, but a true increase with more affected patients. This study aimed to assess racial variation in thyroid cancer.

Method:

A narrative systematic review of the literature was conducted.

Results:

Eight retrospective cohort studies were identified, comprising 611 777 adult patients. Variations exist between racial groups, which are also dependent on gender; white patients have a slightly higher male population when compared to their counterparts. Black and white patients have a higher proportion of follicular cancer. Hispanics were younger at the age of diagnosis. Outcomes are greatly affected by socioeconomic status.

Conclusion:

This study identified many gaps in the way that these types of data are presented. A more concise manner of reporting, with individual-level risk factors, is recommended.

Keywords

Thyroid NeoplasmsContinental Population Groups
Type
Review Articles
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 131 , Issue 6 , June 2017 , pp. 480 - 486
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 National Cancer Registry Ireland. Cancer in Ireland 2013: Annual Report of the National Cancer Registry. In: http://www.ncri.ie/publications/statistical-reports/cancer-ireland-2013-annual-report-national-cancer-registry [7 March 2017]Google Scholar
2 Levi, F, Franceschi, S, La Vecchia, C, Negri, E, Gulie, C, Duruz, G et al. Prior thyroid disease and risk of thyroid cancer in Switzerland. Eur J Cancer 1991;27:85–8Google Scholar
3 Holm, LE, Blomgren, H, Löwhagen, T. Cancer risks in patients with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. N Engl J Med 1985;312:601–4Google Scholar
4 Kitahara, CM, Linet, MS, Beane Freeman, LE, Check, DP, Church, TR, Park, Y et al. Cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, and thyroid cancer risk: a pooled analysis of five prospective studies in the United States. Cancer Causes Control 2012;23:1615–24Google Scholar
5 Brenna, AV, Tronko, MD, Hatch, M, Bogdanova, TI, Oliynik, VA, Lubin, JH et al. I-131 dose response for incident thyroid cancers in Ukraine related to the Chernobyl accident. Environ Health Perspect 2011;119:933–9Google Scholar
6 Davies, L, Welch, HG. Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in the United States, 1973–2002. JAMA 2006;295:2164–7Google Scholar
7 Ahn, HS, Kim, HJ, Welch, HG. Korea's thyroid cancer “epidemic” – screening and overdiagnosis. N Engl J Med 2014;371:1765–7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8 Morris, LG, Sikora, AG, Tosteson, TD, Davies, L. The increasing incidence of thyroid cancer: the influence of access to care. Thyroid 2013;23:885–91CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9 Yoo, F, Chaikhoutdinov, I, Mitzner, R, Liao, J, Goldenberg, D. Characteristics of incidentally discovered thyroid cancer. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013;139:1181–6Google Scholar
10 Brito, JP, Davies, L. Is there really an increased incidence of thyroid cancer? Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2014;5:405–8Google Scholar
11 Stroup, D, Berlin, JA, Morton, SC, Olkin, I, Williamson, GD, Drummond, R et al. ; Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) Group. Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. JAMA 2000;283:2008–12CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12 Howlader, N, Noone, AM, Krapcho, M, Garshell, J, Miller, D, Altekruse, SF et al. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2008. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute, 2011 Google Scholar
13 Wells, GA, Shea, B, O'Connell, D, Peterson, J, Welch, V, Losos, M et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for Assessing the Quality of Nonrandomised Studies in Meta-analyses. Ottawa: Ottawa Health Research Institute, 1999 Google Scholar
14 Harari, A, Li, N, Yeh, MW. Racial and socio-economic disparities and outcomes of well-differentiated thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014;99:133–41Google Scholar
15 Moo-Young, TA, Panergo, J, Wang, CE, Patel, S, Duh, HY, Winchester, DJ et al. Variations in clinicopathologic characteristics of thyroid cancer among racial ethnic groups: analysis of a large public city hospital and the SEER database. Am J Surg 2013;206:632–40Google Scholar
16 Reitzel, LR, Nguyen, N, Li, N, Xu, L, Regan, SD, Sturgis, EM. Trends in thyroid cancer incidence in Texas from 1995 to 2008 by socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity. Thyroid 2014;24:556–67Google Scholar
17 Brown, SR, Lee, S, Brown, TA, Waddell, BE. Effects of race on thyroid cancer in an equal access healthcare system. Am J Surg 2010;199:685–9Google Scholar
18 Findlayson, A, Barnes, I, Sayeed, S, McIver, B, Beral, V, R Ali, R. Incidence of thyroid cancer in England by ethnic group, 2001–2007. Br J Cancer 2014;110:1322–7Google Scholar
19 Galm, T, Minhas, S, Cullen, RJ, Griffiths, H. Thyroid cancer: is ethnicity relevant? J Laryngol Otol 2011;125:816–19Google Scholar
20 South African National Cancer Registry Data 1998–2006. In: www.cansa.org.za/south-african-cancer-statistics/ [7 March 2017]Google Scholar
21 North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. NHAPIIA v13 SAS Code and Related Files 2013. In: http://www.naaccr.org [7 March 2017]Google Scholar
22 British Thyroid Association, Royal College of Physicians. Guidelines for the Management of Thyroid Cancer (Perros, P, ed.), 2nd edn. Report of the Thyroid Cancer Guidelines Update Group. London: Royal College of Physicians, 2007 Google Scholar
23 Kitahara, CM, Platz, EA, Freeman, LE, Hsing, AW, Linet, MS, Park, Y et al. Obesity and thyroid cancer risk among U.S. men and women: a pooled analysis of five prospective studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011;20:464–72Google Scholar
24 Kim, HJ, Kim, NK, Chol, JH, Sohn, SY, Kim, SW, Jin, SM et al. Associations between body mass index and clinico-pathological characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2013;78:134–40Google Scholar
25 Flegal, KM, Carroll, MD, Kuczmarski, RJ, Johnson, CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960–1994. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1998;22:39–47 Google Scholar
26 World Health Organization. Obesity in the Pacific: Too Big to Ignore. In: http://www.wpro.who.int/publications/docs/obesityinthepacific.pdf [7 March 2017]Google Scholar
27 Panigrah, B, Roman, SA, Rosa, JA. Medullary thyroid cancer: are practice patterns in the United States discordant from American Thyroid Association guidelines? Ann Surg Oncol 2010;17:1490–8Google Scholar
28 Hollenbeak, CS, Wang, L, Schneider, P, Goldenberg, D. Outcomes of thyroid cancer in African Americans. Ethn Dis 2011;21:210–15Google Scholar
29 Vasecchi, MG, Steliarova-Foucher, E. Cancer registration in developing countries: luxury or necessity? Lancet Oncol 2008;9:159–67Google Scholar
30 Zevallos, JP, Xu, L, Yiu, Y. The impact of socioeconomic status on the use of adjuvant radioactive iodine for papillary thyroid cancer. Thyroid 2014;24:758–63Google Scholar
31 Welch, HG, Black, WC. Overdiagnosis in cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010;102:605–13Google Scholar
32 Hall, SF, Irish, J, Groome, P, Griffiths, R. Access, excess, and overdiagnosis: the case for thyroid cancer. Cancer Med 2014;3:154–61Google Scholar
33 Hall, SF, Walker, H, Siemens, R, Schneeberg, A. Increasing detection and increasing incidence of thyroid cancer. World J Surg 2009;33:2567–71Google Scholar