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Rhinological manifestations of Sjögren's syndrome: a cohort-matched, prospective, cross-sectional, observational study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 August 2021

U F Kamel  and
P J Maddison
U F Kamel*
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
P J Maddison
Affiliation:
School of Sport Health and Exercise Science, Bangor University, Wales, UK
*
Author for correspondence: Dr Usama F Kamel, Department of Otolaryngology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +44 151 525 6086
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Abstract

Objective

To assess the prevalence of abnormal rhinological findings in a Sjögren's syndrome population.

Methods

A cohort-matched, prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted. Sixty-seven subjects (30 patients and 37 controls) were enrolled. Rhinological assessment including smell threshold was evaluated using a standardised, validated clinical test as part of a larger study.

Results

Smell thresholds were –4.4 and –5.4 in the Sjögren's syndrome and control groups, respectively (p = 0.001). Hyposmia (threshold values of less than −4.5) was demonstrated in the Sjögren's syndrome group (47 per cent). Smell was negatively correlated with age (p = 0.040). Nasal septal perforation was noted in 3 Sjögren's syndrome patients (10 per cent) and nasal mucosal dryness in 10 patients (33 per cent), but none of the control group were affected.

Conclusion

Hyposmia in Sjögren's syndrome was demonstrated using the Smell Threshold Test. Nasal septal perforation and nasal mucosa dryness were also noted in patients with Sjögren's syndrome. A diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome should be considered and investigated in smell deprivation and/or nasal septal perforation patients.

Keywords

SmellSjogren's SyndromeOlfaction DisordersNasal Septal Perforation
Type
Main Articles
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 135 , Issue 10 , October 2021 , pp. 932 - 936
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

Dr U F Kamel takes responsibility for the integrity of the content of the paper

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