Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T05:48:43.884Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Does spectacle use lead to vestibular suppression?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 October 2016

A Thakar
A Thakar*
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology and Head – Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
*
Address for correspondence: Dr A Thakar, Department of Otolaryngology and Head – Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India Fax: 91 11 2658 8641 E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background:

Laboratory experiments indicate that changes in retinal image size result in adaptive recalibration or suppression of the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Myopia correction with spectacles or contact lenses also leads to retinal image size changes, and may bring about similar vestibulo-ocular reflex alterations.

Methods:

A hypothesis-generating preliminary investigation was conducted. In this cross-sectional study, findings of electronystagmography including bithermal caloric testing were compared between 17 volunteer myopes using spectacles or contact lenses and 17 volunteer emmetropes (with no refractive error).

Results:

Bilateral hypoactive caloric responses were demonstrated in 6 of 11 spectacle users, in 1 of 6 contact lens users and in 1 of 17 emmetropes. Hypoactive caloric responses were significantly more likely in spectacle users than in emmetropes (p < 0.01; relative risk = 9.3).

Conclusion:

A significant proportion of myopes using spectacles have vestibulo-ocular reflex suppression, as demonstrated by the caloric test. This has implications for the interpretation of electronystagmography and videonystagmography results, and highlights spectacle use as a possible cause of vestibular impairment. Further corroboration of these findings is warranted, with more precise and direct vestibulo-ocular reflex tests such as rotational tests and the head impulse test.

Keywords

MyopiaCaloric TestsVestibulo-Ocular Reflex
Type
Main Articles
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 130 , Issue 11 , November 2016 , pp. 1033 - 1038
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Guerraz, M, Yardley, L, Bertholon, P, Pollak, L, Rudge, P, Gresty, MA et al. Visual vertigo: symptom assessment, spatial orientation and postural control. Brain 2001;124:1646–56Google Scholar
2 Devèze, A, Montava, M, Lopez, C, Lacour, M, Magnan, J, Borel, L. Vestibular compensation following vestibular neurotomy. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2015;132:197–203 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3 Highstein, SM. Role of the flocculus of the cerebellum in motor learning of the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;119:212–20Google Scholar
4 Demer, JL. Evaluation of vestibular and visual oculomotor function. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1995;112:16–35 Google Scholar
5 Freedman, W, Caroll, JR, McElligott, JG. Comparison of vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) modification methods in cats. Vision Res 1990;30:1525–8Google Scholar
6 Ito, M. Cerebellar control of the vestibulo-ocular reflex: around the flocculus hypothesis. Annu Rev Neurosci 1982;5:275–96Google Scholar
7 Lisberger, SG. Physiologic basis of motor learning in the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;119:43–8Google Scholar
8 Demer, JL. Mechanisms of human vertical visual-vestibular interaction. J Neurophysiology 1992;68:2128–46Google Scholar
9 Kramer, P, Shelhamer, M, Zee, DS. Short-term vestibulo-ocular adaptation: influence of context. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;119:61–4Google Scholar
10 Collins, WE. Habituation of vestibular responses with and without visual stimulation. In: Kornhuber, HH, ed. Handbook of Sensory Physiology: The Vestibular System, Vol. VI. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1974;369–88Google Scholar
11 Gonshor, A, Jones, GM. Extreme vestibulo-ocular adaptation induced by prolonged optical reversal of vision. J Physiol 1976;256:381–414 Google Scholar
12 Demer, JL, Goldberg, J, Porter, FL, Jenkins, HA, Schmidt, K. Visual-vestibular interaction with telescopic spectacles. J Vestib Res 1991;1:263–77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13 Miles, FA, Eighmy, BB. Long-term adaptive changes in primate vestibuloocular reflex. I. Behavioral observations. J Neurophysiol 1980;43:1406–25Google Scholar
14 Collewijn, H, Martins, AJ, Steinman, RM. Compensatory eye movement during active and passive head movements: fast adaptation to changes in visual magnification. J Physiol 1981;340:259–86Google Scholar
15 Cannon, SC, Leigh, RG, Zee, DS, Abel, LA. The effect of rotational magnification of corrective spectacles on the quantitative evaluation of the VOR. Acta Otolaryngol 1985;100:81–8Google Scholar
16 Abrams, D, Duke-Elder, S. Duke Elder's Practice of Refraction, 9th edn. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1978;56–7,145–77Google Scholar
17 Kirtane, MV. Standardization in electronystagmography. Indian J Otolaryngol 1979;31:126–32Google Scholar
18 Claussen, CF, von Schlachta, I. Butterfly chart for caloric nystagmus evaluation. Arch Otolaryngol 1972;96:371–5Google Scholar
19 Gonçalves, DU, Felipe, L, Lima, TM. Interpretation and use of caloric testing. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2008;74:440–6Google Scholar
20 Bello, S, Paige, GD, Highstein, SM. The squirrel monkey vestibulo-ocular reflex and adaptive plasticity in yaw, pitch, and roll. Exp Brain Res 1991;57:57–66 Google Scholar
21 Eza-Nuñez, P, Fariñas-Alvarez, C, Fernandez, NP. Comparison of three diagnostic tests in detecting vestibular deficit in patients with peripheral vestibulopathy. J Laryngol Otol 2016;130:145–50Google Scholar