Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T07:14:28.718Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Cricothyroid muscle paralysis: its recognition and diagnosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2007

K. Bevan*
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW
M. V. Griffiths
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW
M. H. Morgan
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW
*
K. Bevan, F.R.C.S., 70 Swallow Park, Thornbury, Bristol BS12 1LU

Abstract

Cricothyroid muscle paralysis is often missed as the symptoms are not dramatic and the laryngeal observations, on conventional indirect mirror examination, are inconclusive. The anatomy and physiology of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) and cricothyroid muscle are described. Three case reports are presented to illustrate our diagnostic techniques. Videofibrolaryngoscopy and electromyography are found to be invaluable tools for the diagnosis of this condition. The importance in diagnosing this entity is discussed.

Type
Main Articles
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abelson, T. I. and Tucker, H. M. (1981) Laryngeal findings in superior laryngeal nerve paralysis: a controversy. Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery. 89: 463470.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arnold, G. E. (1961) Physiology and pathology of the cricothyroid muscle. Laryngoscope. 71: 687753.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arnold, G. E. (1962) Vocal rehabilitation of paralytic dysphonia: VII Paralysis of the superior laryngeal nerve. Archives of Otolaryngology. 75: 549570.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bevan, K., Morgan, M. H. and Griffiths, M. V. (1988) The role and techniques of laryngeal electromyography. Clinical Otolarngology. 13: 299305.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beyer, T. E. (1941) Traumatic paralysis of the cricothyroid muscle. Laryngoscope. 51: 296298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dehn, T. C. B. and Taylor, V. W. (1983) Cranial and cervical nerve damage associated with carotid endarterectomy. The British Journal of Surgery. 70: 365368.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Durham, C. F. and Harrison, T. S. (1964) The surgical anatomy of the superior laryngeal nerve. Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics. 118: 3844.Google ScholarPubMed
Evans, W. E., Mendelowitz, D. S., Liapis, C., Wolfe, V. and Florence, C. L. (1982) motor speech deficit following carotid endarterectomy. Annals of Surgery. 196: 461463.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Faaborg-Andersen, K. (1957) Electromyographic investigation of intrinsic laryngeal muscles in humans. Acta Physiologica Scandinavia. 41: (suppl. 140): 11139.Google Scholar
Faaborg-Andersen, K. and Munk Jensen, A. A. (1964) Unilateral paralysis of the superior laryngeal nerve. Acta Otolaryngologica. 57: 155159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hollinshead, W. H. (1982) Anatomy for Surgeons, Vol 1: The Head and Neck. 3rd ed.Philadelphia. 1: 430431.Google Scholar
Kark, A. E., Kissin, M. W., Auerbach, R. and Meikle, M. (1984) Voice changes after thyroidectomy: role of the external laryngeal nerve. British Medical Journal. 289: 14121415.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mygind, H. (1906) Die Paralyse de Musculus Cricothyroideus. Archives of Laryngology. 18: 403413.Google Scholar
Negus, V. E. (1947) Certain anatomical and physiological considerations in paralysis of the larynx. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 40: 849853.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Newman, N. A. and Becker, S. P. (1981) Superior laryngeal nerve paralysis and benign thyroid disease. Archives of Otolaryngology. 107: 117119.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thompson, J. W., Ward, P. H. and Schwartz, I. R. (1984) Experimental studies for correction of superior laryngeal paralysis by fusion of the thyroid to cricoid cartilages. Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery. 92: 498508.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tschiassny, K. (1944) Studies concerning the action of the Musculus Cricothyreoideus. Laryngoscope. 54: 589604.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ward, P. H., Berci, G. and Calcaterra, T. C. (1977) Superior laryngeal nerve paralysis: an often overlooked entity. Transactions of American Academy of Ophtalmology and Otolaryngology. 84: 7889.Google ScholarPubMed