Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T11:17:11.211Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Primary tumour characteristics predict the invasiveness of lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 December 2015

H S Lee ,
C Park ,
S W Kim ,
J W Song ,
B K Chun ,
T J Park ,
J C Hong  and
K D Lee
H S Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
C Park
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
S W Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
J W Song
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
B K Chun
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
T J Park
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Maryknoll Medical Center, Busan, Korea
J C Hong
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
K D Lee*
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
*
Address for correspondence: Dr K D Lee, Department of Otolaryngology, Kosin University Gospel Hospital Am-Nam Dong 34, Seo-Gu, Busan 602–702, South Korea Fax: +82 51 245 8539 E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Objective:

This study evaluated whether primary tumour characteristics are associated with specific features of metastatic lymph nodes in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients.

Method:

A retrospective review of 411 patients with pathologically diagnosed cervical lymph node metastasis was conducted.

Results:

A metastatic lymph node focus size of at least 2 mm was independently associated with a primary tumour size of at least 1 cm (hazard ratio 1.962) and with male sex (hazard ratio 1.947). A number of at least five lymph node metastases was independently associated with a primary tumour size of at least 1 cm (hazard ratio 2.863), extrathyroidal extension (hazard ratio 1.737) and male sex (hazard ratio 1.689). Extranodal extension was independently associated with a primary tumour size of at least 1 cm (hazard ratio 2.288), extrathyroidal extension (2.201) and male sex (hazard ratio 1.733).

Conclusion:

Primary papillary thyroid carcinoma characteristics are related to the pathological features of lymph node metastases.

Keywords

Thyroid NeoplasmsLymph NodesLymphatic MetastasisPathology
Type
Main Articles
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 130 , Issue 3 , March 2016 , pp. 302 - 308
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1Pellegriti, G, Scollo, C, Lumera, G, Regalbuto, C, Vigneri, R, Belfiore, A.Clinical behavior and outcome of papillary thyroid cancers smaller than 1.5 cm in diameter: study of 299 cases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:3713–20CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2Pereira, JA, Jimeno, J, Miquel, J, Iglesias, M, Munne, A, Sancho, JJ et al. Nodal yield, morbidity, and recurrence after central neck dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Surgery 2005;138:1095–100, discussion 1100–1CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3Noguchi, S, Noguchi, A, Murakami, N.Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. I. Developing pattern of metastasis. Cancer 1970;26:1053–603.0.CO;2-X>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4Randolph, GW, Duh, QY, Heller, KS, LiVolsi, VA, Mandel, SJ, Steward, DL et al. The prognostic significance of nodal metastases from papillary thyroid carcinoma can be stratified based on the size and number of metastatic lymph nodes, as well as the presence of extranodal extension. Thyroid 2012;22:1144–52CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5Hay, ID, Grant, CS, van Heerden, JA, Goellner, JR, Ebersold, JR, Bergstralh, EJ.Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a study of 535 cases observed in a 50-year period. Surgery 1992;112:1139–46; discussion 1146–7Google Scholar
6Harwood, J, Clark, OH, Dunphy, JE.Significance of lymph node metastasis in differentiated thyroid cancer. Am J Surg 1978;136:107–12CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7Hughes, DT, White, ML, Miller, BS, Gauger, PG, Burney, RE, Doherty, GM.Influence of prophylactic central lymph node dissection on postoperative thyroglobulin levels and radioiodine treatment in papillary thyroid cancer. Surgery 2010;148:1100–107CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8Rajeev, P, Ahmed, S, Ezzat, TM, Sadler, GP, Mihai, R.The number of positive lymph nodes in the central compartment has prognostic impact in papillary thyroid cancer. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2013;398:377–82CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9Lee, J, Song, Y, Soh, EY.Prognostic significance of the number of metastatic lymph nodes to stratify the risk of recurrence. World J Surg 2014;38:858–62CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10Jeon, MJ, Yoon, JH, Han, JM, Yim, JH, Hong, SJ, Song, DE et al. The prognostic value of the metastatic lymph node ratio and maximal metastatic tumor size in pathological N1a papillary thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Endocrinol 2013;168:219–25CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11Lango, M, Flieder, D, Arrangoiz, R, Veloski, C, Yu, JQ, Li, T et al. Extranodal extension of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma: correlation with biochemical endpoints, nodal persistence, and systemic disease progression. Thyroid 2013;23:1099–105CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12Vas Nunes, JH, Clark, JR, Gao, K, Chua, E, Campbell, P, Niles, N et al. Prognostic implications of lymph node yield and lymph node ratio in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 2013;23:811–16CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13Yamashita, H, Noguchi, S, Murakami, N, Kawamoto, H, Watanabe, S.Extracapsular invasion of lymph node metastasis is an indicator of distant metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma. Cancer 1997;80:2268–723.0.CO;2-Q>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14Yamashita, H, Noguchi, S, Murakami, N, Toda, M, Uchino, S, Watanabe, S et al. Extracapsular invasion of lymph node metastasis. A good indicator of disease recurrence and poor prognosis in patients with thyroid microcarcinoma. Cancer 1999;86:842–93.0.CO;2-X>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15Schneider, DF, Chen, H, Sippel, RS.Impact of lymph node ratio on survival in papillary thyroid cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2013;20:1906–11CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16Mazzaferri, EL.Management of low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer. Endocr Pract 2007;13:498–512CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17Sipos, JA, Mazzaferri, EL.Thyroid cancer epidemiology and prognostic variables. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2010;22:395–404CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18Jukkola, A, Bloigu, R, Ebeling, T, Salmela, P, Blanco, G.Prognostic factors in differentiated thyroid carcinomas and their implications for current staging classifications. Endocr Relat Cancer 2004;11:571–9CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19Wang, LY, Palmer, FL, Nixon, IJ, Thomas, D, Shah, JP, Patel, SG et al. Central lymph node characteristics predictive of outcome in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid 2014;24:1790–5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20Clain, JB, Scherl, S, Dos Reis, L, Turk, A, Wenig, BM, Mehra, S et al. Extrathyroidal extension predicts extranodal extension in patients with positive lymph nodes: an important association that may affect clinical management. Thyroid 2014;24:951–7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21Ito, Y, Jikuzono, T, Higashiyama, T, Asahi, S, Tomoda, C, Takamura, Y et al. Clinical significance of lymph node metastasis of thyroid papillary carcinoma located in one lobe. World J Surg 2006;30:1821–8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22Leboulleux, S, Rubino, C, Baudin, E, Caillou, B, Hartl, DM, Bidart, JM et al. Prognostic factors for persistent or recurrent disease of papillary thyroid carcinoma with neck lymph node metastases and/or tumor extension beyond the thyroid capsule at initial diagnosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:5723–9CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23Ito, Y, Hirokawa, M, Jikuzono, T, Higashiyama, T, Takamura, Y, Miya, A et al. Extranodal tumor extension to adjacent organs predicts a worse cause-specific survival in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. World J Surg 2007;31:1194–201CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24Vassilopoulou-Sellin, R, Schultz, PN, Haynie, TP.Clinical outcome of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma who have recurrence after initial radioactive iodine therapy. Cancer 1996;78:493–5013.0.CO;2-U>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25Ortiz, S, Rodriguez, JM, Soria, T, Perez-Flores, D, Pinero, A, Moreno, J et al. Extrathyroid spread in papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: clinicopathological and prognostic study. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2001;124:261–5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed