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Ear involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a comparative study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2006

Ioannis Kastanioudakis ,
Nausica Ziavra ,
Paraskevi Voulgari ,
Georgios Exarchakos ,
Antonios Skevas  and
Alexandros Drosos
Ioannis Kastanioudakis
Affiliation:
ENT Department, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece.
Nausica Ziavra
Affiliation:
ENT Department, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece.
Paraskevi Voulgari
Affiliation:
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece.
Georgios Exarchakos
Affiliation:
ENT Department, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece.
Antonios Skevas
Affiliation:
ENT Department, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece.
Alexandros Drosos
Affiliation:
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece.
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Abstract

Ear damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients has been occasionally reported but the frequency and the mechanisms of ear involvement are not well documented. In an attempt to investigate the presence of hearing loss and the possible causes for it we prospectively evaluated 43 SLE patients. All patients underwent a complete ear-nose-throat physical examination and audiological evaluation with pure tone, impedance and speech audiometry. In addition, systemic manifestations of the disease and drug therapy were recorded. Finally, all patients were tested for the presence of autoantibodies. The results were compared with those of 50 age-matched healthy subjects.

Hearing loss (HL) was found in nine patients (22.5 per cent). More specifically, eight patients presented sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) (21.5 per cent) and only one had conductive hearing loss (CHL) (2.63 per cent). From the patients with SNHL, one had bilateral symmetrical damage, four had bilateral but no symmetrical damage and three patients showed unilateral SNHL. Finally, the patient with CHL had unilateral involvement. There were no statistically significant differences between patients with HL and those without regarding age, disease duration, clinical disease manifestations, autoantibody profile and drug therapy.

In conclusion, one fourth of our SLE patients presented HL, expressed as SNHL affecting mainly the middle and high frequencies, while only one patient had CHL. This is a lower percentage of ear involvement in SLE than that reported by other investigators. The mechanism of ear damage remains unknown. Thus, additional prospective studies are needed to elucidate its pathogenesis.

Keywords

Lupus Erythematosis, SystemicHearing Loss, SensorineuralHearing Loss ConductivePathology
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 116 , Issue 2 , February 2002 , pp. 103 - 107
Copyright
© Royal Society of Medicine Press Limited 2002

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