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Effect of nutraceuticals on acanthocephalan Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae and its toxicity to the host tambaqui Colossoma macropomum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 November 2019

A.T. Seixas ,
S.U. Gallani ,
I.M. Fernandes ,
I.E.C. Fernandes ,
G.T. Jerônimo ,
F. Pilarski  and
G.M.R. Valladão Open the ORCID record for G.M.R. Valladão [Opens in a new window]
A.T. Seixas
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Program in Aquaculture, Nilton Lins University, Avenida Nilton Lins, 3258, Manaus, AM, CEP 69058-030, Brazil
S.U. Gallani
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Program in Aquaculture, Nilton Lins University, Avenida Nilton Lins, 3258, Manaus, AM, CEP 69058-030, Brazil
I.M. Fernandes
Affiliation:
Veterinary Medicine, Nilton Lins University, Manaus, AM, CEP 69058-030, Brazil
I.E.C. Fernandes
Affiliation:
Veterinary Medicine, Nilton Lins University, Manaus, AM, CEP 69058-030, Brazil
G.T. Jerônimo
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Fishing Sciences in the Tropics Programme, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, AM, CEP 69067-005, Brazil
F. Pilarski
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Program in Aquaculture, Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Aquatic Organisms, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP),Jaboticabal, SP, CEP 14870-000, Brazil
G.M.R. Valladão*
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Program in Aquaculture, Nilton Lins University, Avenida Nilton Lins, 3258, Manaus, AM, CEP 69058-030, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: G.M.R. Valladão, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The production of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum has been undergoing financial losses due to parasitic infection by the acanthocephalan Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae, raising an alert for aquaculture in South America. The lack of adequate treatment and use of unlicensed chemicals encourages research for alternative solutions with minimal side effects. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the in vitro antiparasitic potential of commercial nutraceutical products (Natumix® and BioFish®) against N. buttnerae and to assess the respective in vivo toxic effects on the host tambaqui. For in vitro assays, parasitized fish were necropsied for acanthocephalans sampling. The parasites were exposed to three concentrations (0.078, 0.313 and 1.25 mg/ml) of each product, as well as controls (one without product and another with a solubilizer). For the in vivo acute toxicity test, juvenile fish (<0.1 g) were exposed to five increasing concentrations of each product. Mortality of tambaqui was recorded at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The estimated lethal concentration (LC) for 10, 50, 90 and 99% of fish was determined to classify the toxicity of the products on the target species. After in vitro efficacy tests, the highest concentrations (1.25 mg/ml) caused 100% mortality of the parasites in both products, but only Natumix® caused 100% mortality using the intermediate concentration (0.313 mg/ml) after 24 h. According to the acute toxicity result, the LC50 classified the nutraceutical products as slightly toxic for tambaqui. The tested products had a parasiticidal effect on N. buttnerae, and the toxicity test showed that both products have therapeutic potential when added to the diet.

Keywords

Aquaculturetreatmentherbal medicinesacanthocephalaColossoma
Type
Short Communication
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 94 , 2020 , e102
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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