Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-09T16:10:28.505Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Detection of hydatid-specific antibodies in the serum and urine for the diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in patients from the Kashmir Valley, India

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 January 2014

S. Chirag ,
B.A. Fomda ,
A. Khan ,
A.A. Malik ,
G.N. Lone ,
B.A. Khan  and
D. Zahoor
S. Chirag
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology
B.A. Fomda*
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology
A. Khan
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology
A.A. Malik
Affiliation:
Department of General Surgery
G.N. Lone
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery
B.A. Khan
Affiliation:
Department of Gastroenterology, Sheri-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar-190011, Jammu and Kashmir, India
D. Zahoor
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Serological diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (CE) is usually made by detecting specific antibodies in serum samples. However, collection of blood samples is difficult and may be hazardous and unsafe. Thus, it is important to assess alternative simple methods of sampling body fluids that give similar results. Saliva and urine have been suggested as possible alternatives to detect specific antibodies for the diagnosis of various diseases. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no previously published study regarding the detection of CE-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G subclass antibodies (IgG1–4) in urine. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess the value of hydatid-specific antibodies of IgG, IgM, IgE and IgG subclass in urine and serum samples for the diagnosis of CE. Serum and urine samples of 41 surgically confirmed patients of CE, 40 patients with other diseases and 16 healthy subjects were included in the study. CE-specific total IgG, IgE and IgG4 in sera and total IgG, IgG4 and IgG1 in the urine of CE patients were the most important specific antibodies for the diagnosis of CE. However, total IgG usually persists for an extended period and has a very high cross-reactivity. The diagnostic sensitivity of hydatid-specific IgM in serum and urine samples was very low and therefore cannot be used as a diagnostic marker. There was no significant difference between IgG1 and IgG4 in serum and urine and both showed the best correlation for the diagnosis of CE. These considerations suggest that detection of antibodies in urine could provide a new approach in the diagnosis of CE.

Type
Research Papers
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 89 , Issue 2 , March 2015 , pp. 232 - 237
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abu-Eshy, S.A. (2006) Clinical characteristics, diagnosis and surgical management of hydatid cysts. West African Journal of Medicine 25, 144–152.Google Scholar
Aceti, A., Pennica, A., Teggi, A., Fondacaro, L.M., Caferro, M., Leri, O., Tacchi, G., Celestino, D., Quaranta, G. & De Rosa, F. (1993) IgG subclasses in human hydatid disease: prominence of IgG4 response. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 102, 347–351.Google Scholar
Craig, P.S. (1997) Immunodiagnosis of Echinococcus granulosis and comparison of techniques for diagnosis of canine echinococcosis. pp. 85–118in Andersen, F., Ouhelli, H. & Kachani, M. (Eds) Compendium on echinococcosis in Africa and Middle Eastern countries with special reference to Morocco. Provo, Utah, Brigham Young University Print Services.Google Scholar
Daeki, A.O., Craig, P.S. & Shambash, M.K. (2000) IgG-subclass antibody responses and the natural history of hepatic cystic echinococcosis in asymptomatic patients. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 94, 319–328.Google Scholar
Fomda, B.A., Sofi, B.A., Thokar, M.A. & Kakroo, D.K. (2002) Human hydatid disease in Kashmir, North India. A hospital based study. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 26, 34–37.Google Scholar
Garcia, L.S. (2001) Tissue cestodes: larval forms. pp. 386–412in Garcia, L.S. (Ed.) Diagnostic medical parasitology. Virginia, USA, ASM Press.Google Scholar
Ghorbanalinezhad, E., Assmar, M., Piazak, N. & Khabiri, N. (2001) Development of a new ELISA kit for the diagnosis of hydatidosis in humans. Iranian Journal of Public Health 30, 67–70.Google Scholar
Gottstein, B. (1992) Molecular and immunological diagnosis of echinococcosis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 5, 248–261.Google Scholar
Gottstein, B. & Reichen, J. (2003) Echinococcosis/hydatidosis. pp. 1561–1582in Cook, G.C. & Zumla, A. (Eds) Manson's tropical diseases. London, W.B. Saunders, Elsevier Science.Google Scholar
Grimm, F., Maly, F.E., Lu, J. & Llano, R. (1998) Analysis of specific immunoglobulin G subclass antibodies for serological diagnosis of echinococcosis by a standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 5, 613–616.Google Scholar
Hira, P.R., Bahr, G.M., Shewiki, H.M. & Behbehani, K. (1990) Diagnostic value of Anti arc 5 IgG antibody and analysis of IgG subclasses in sera of patients with cystic hydatid disease. Serodiagnosis and Immunotherapy in Infectious Diseases 4, 285–293.Google Scholar
Kanwar, J.R., Kaushik, S.P., Sawhney, I.M.S., Kamboj, M.S., Mehtas, S.K. & Vinayak, V.K. (1992) Specific antibodies in serum of patients with hydatidosis recognised by immunoblotting. Journal of Medical Microbiology 36, 46–51.Google Scholar
Khabiri, A.R., Bagheri, F., Assmar, M. & Siavashi, M.R. (2006) Analysis of specific IgE and IgG subclass antibodies for diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus. Parasite Immunology 28, 357–362.Google Scholar
Khuroo, M.S. (2002) Hydatid disease: current status and recent advances. Annals of Saudi Medicine 22, 56–62.Google Scholar
Lawn, S.D., Bligh, J., Craig, P.S. & Chiodini, P.L. (2004) Human cystic echinococcosis: evaluation of post treatment serologic follow-up by IgG subclass antibody detection. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 70, 329–335.Google Scholar
Leggatt, C.R. & McManus, P.D. (1994) Identification and diagnostic value of a major antibody epitope on the 12 kDa antigen from Echinococcus granulosus cyst fluid. Parasite Immunology 16, 87–96.Google Scholar
Licel de Los, A., Rodriguez, L., Osmany Larralde, D., Raiza Martinez, C. & Aidonis Gutierrez, M. (2003) Anti-hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin M antibodies in urine samples for rapid diagnosis of outbreaks. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 13, 492–494.Google Scholar
Lowry, O.H., Rosenbrough, N.J., Farr, A.L. & Randall, R.J. (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193, 265–275.Google Scholar
Moldovan, R., Neghina, A.M., Calma, C.L., Marincu, I. & Neghina, R. (2012) Human cystic echinococcosis in two south-western and central-western Romanian counties: a 7-year epidemiological and clinical overview. Acta Tropica 121, 26–29.Google Scholar
Rigano, R., Profumo, E., Loppolo, S., Notargiacomo, S., Ortona, E., Teggi, A. & Siracusano, A. (1995) Immunological markers indicating the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment in human hydatid disease. Clinical and Experimental Immunology 102, 281–285.Google Scholar
Rodriguez-del Valle, M., Quakyi, I.A., Amuesi, J., Quaye, J.T., Nkrumah, F.K. & Taylor, D.W. (1991) Detection of antigens and antibodies in the urine of humans with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 29, 1236–1242.Google Scholar
Schantz, P.M. (1991) Parasitic zoonoses in perspective. International Journal of Parasitology 321, 161–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shambesh, M.K., Craig, P.S., Wen, M., Rogan, M.T. & Padillo, E. (1997) IgG and IgG4 serum antibody responses in asymptomatic and clinically expressed cystic echinococcosis patients. Acta Tropica 64, 53–63.Google Scholar
Short, J.A., Heiner, D.C., Hsiao, R.L. & Andersen, F.L. (1990) Immunoglobulin E and G4 antibodies in cysticercosis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 28, 1635–1639.Google Scholar
Sunita, T., Dubey, M.L., Khurana, S. & Malla, N. (2007) Specific antibody detection in urine, serum and saliva samples for the diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis. Acta Tropica 101, 187–191.Google Scholar
Wattal, C., Malla, N., Khan, I.A. & Agarwal, S.C. (1986) Comparative evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of pulmonary echinococcosis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 21, 41–46.Google Scholar
Wen, H. & Craig, P.S. (1994) Immunoglobulin G subclass responses in human cystic and alveolar echinococcosis. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 51, 741–748.Google Scholar
Zhang, W., Li, J. & McManus, D.P. (2003) Concepts in immunology and diagnosis of hydatid disease. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 16, 18–36.Google Scholar