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The Frontier of Lycia and Caria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2013

W. Arkwright
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Extract

The traveller riding westward from Macri soon reaches the Gargy Chai, which is the only perennial stream running into the Telmessian Gulf, and is rightly identified by Kiepert with the overflowing Glaucus. It rises in a ridge connecting the uplands of Kyzyl Kaya with the Aigür Dagh, a partly detached lower buttress standing out to the north-west of the long mountain commonly called Eljik Dagh in the maps, of which the eastern peak is named Chal Dagh, and the less lofty western peak Shimshir Dagh.

Hence the stream runs to the S.S.E. down a deep glen, and after receiving the Nif Chai from the N.E., turns S.W. round the Kyzyl Dagh to the sea. Pliny, the only geographer who mentions the Glaucus, says that it had a tributary, the Telmedius. If, as the inhabitants positively assured me, the Nif Chai is merely a tributary of the other, it must be the Telmedius. If so, the name of Telandrus, which was on the Glaucus, must be given to the only ruins in the main valley, those at It-hissar, a site discovered by MM. Collignon and Duchesne, but not exactly described.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Hellenic Studies , Volume 15 , November 1895 , pp. 93 - 99
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies 1895

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References

1 v. 27. amnis Glaucus deferens Telmedium (var. lec. Telmessum, evidently corrupt).

2 Quintus Smyrnaeus, 4, 6 (describing the burial of Glaucus)

The MS. reading is Τηδ'αντροιο. The emendation is old.

3 Bull. de corr. hellén. i. 362.

4 Reisen im südwestlichen Kleinasien i. p. 148.

5 v. 27.

6 Pliny v. 31.

7 Müller, , Geographi Graeci Minor. i. 494Google Scholar.

8 Pliny indeed calls it oppidum, but cf. Ptolemy 5, 3, Δαίδαλα τόπος, Livy 37, 22, Daedala et quaedam alia parva castella: and Strabo p. 651.

9 Politically Daedala was the first town of the Rhodian Peraea, Strabo l.c.

10 Müller, , G.G.M. i. 73–4Google Scholar.

11 Ib. i. 494.

12 P. 664 and p. 651.

13 Livy 37, 16, Telmissicus sinus, qui latere uno Cariam, altera Lyciam contingit.

14 i. 16.

15 There may have been temporary fluctuations, e.g. Alexander Polyhistor 1st century B.C. (St. Byz. s.v.) puts Daedala in Lycia, though Telandrus was in Caria (supra), and Artemidorus (c. 100 B.C.) put Crya in Lycia, according to St. Byz. s.v. I suspect an error.

16 Treuber, , Geschichte der Lykier, p. 208Google Scholarseqq.

17 Pliny (v. 27), writing in 77, still puts the frontier east of Daedala, but he often follows old authorities: cf. Bunbury, , Ancient Geography ii. 401Google Scholar.

18 J.H.S. x. p. 73: No. 20 does not prove that Lydae was Lycian earlier, as the Lyciarchs may have been on the mother's side.

19 Pt. v. 3. Also the contemporary inscription of Opramoas (Reisen ii. p. 113) includes Calynda.

20 Quin. Smyrn. 8, 81

21 Hierocles and the Notitiae Episcopatuum,

22 The boatmen who know every inch of the shore say there are no ruins on the Ghislan or serpentine coast-hills, except Charopia.

23 Kiepert, who placed Crya here in the map in the Reisen, vol. i., afterwards changed the name to Lydae.

24 Pliny v. 31.

25 The Cryans are mentioned in the Attic tribute-lists. Cape ‘Crya’ in Mela is a doubtful emendation for Cytria; pseudo-Scylax mentions cape Κράσος (Müller, , Geog. Gr. Min. i. p. 73 note)Google Scholar, corrected into Κρυασσός. Ptol. v. 3 writes Καρύα. It suffered from the earthquakes of A.D. 149, Reisen ii. p. 113, xvii. C. Cf. p. 114, xix. C. and p. 132. The ethnic is there Κρυєύς as in St. Byz.

26 St. Byz. s.v. evidently quoting Plutarch or his authority. The two separate entries in St. Byz. might easily refer to one town.

27 C.I.G. 2259; 2552: the ethnic is Κρυασσєύς, as in St. Byz.

28 A curious legend to this effect is preserved by Plutarch, de Virt. Mulier. p. 246Google Scholar. Cf. Polyaenus, Bk. viii. c. 64. Pliny's strange expression ‘Crya fugitivorum’ seems to refer to some legend, but hardly to this.

29 Pliny v. 31 says there were three, and puts them on another part of the coast, but this chapter is full of mistakes.

30 J.H.S. x. p. 52.

31 J.H.S. vol. ix. pp. 82 sqq.: and x. pp. 55 sqq.

32 In answer to careful questioning, the in habitants of Kyzyl Kaya, of Garkyn, and of Juma-belen independently gave exactly the same account of the course of this river, and this is confirmed by our own observations of the extensive views from Kyzyl Kaya, Kuz, and Juma-belen. No ruins nearer than Kuz are known to the people of this last village (which we reached by a road leading W.N.W. from the inlet just N. of Charopia) except Lissa, and Allah-Dagh, where we found a single Ionic rock-tomb. For Lissa see J.H.S. l.c.

33 v. 27, 28. Probably he does not mean to put it on the coast ; cf. Pinara in the same chapter, etc. Ptolemy v. 3 does put it on the sea, but the authority of Strabo, and the silence of the Stadiasmus are conclusive against him.

34 Meyer, , Bezzenberger's Beiträge x. p. 158Google Scholar, from Bekker, , anecd. 1306Google Scholar, Ἄζων a river in Lycia.

35 Herod. viii. 87.

36 i. 172, talking of Caunus, he mentions the Calyndian frontier.

37 xxx. 16, 17. The Calyndians, hard pressed by the Caunians, surrendered to Rhodes.

38 Besides fr. Herod. viii. St. Byz. cites fr. Hecataeus, Asia: = of Attic tribute-lists, C.I.A. 226–233, which have also C.I.A. 237–239. Either might be Calynda. Two women at Lydae were citizens of Calynda; below, No. 2, and J.H.S. x. No. 23. It suffered in the earthquakes of A.D. 149, Reisen ii. p. 113, xvii. C and p. 132 (ib. xix. B there does seem space enough). It does not appear in the Byzantine lists.

39 Reisen ii. p. 161.

40 We were told of ruins at Kizai kitra, apparently N.E. of Juma-belen, but they sound rather mediaeval than ancient.

41 ‘It may be noted that the people of Garkyn knew nothing of any town pr village called Dolomon, though they named all the numerous villages in sight upon the plain. The title seems to be applied generally to the whole plain, and perhaps previous visitors have hastily as signed it to the residence of the kaimmakam of Dolomon.’