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The international congress as scientific and diplomatic technology: global intellectual exchange in the International Prison Congress, 1860–90*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2014

Nir Shafir
Nir Shafir*
Affiliation:
UCLA Department of History, 6265 Bunche Hall, Box 951473, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1473, USA E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

In the 1870s, the American prison reformer E. C. Wines attempted to bring together representatives from every country and colony in the world to discuss the administration and reform of the prison, under the auspices of the International Prison Congress. This article tackles the challenge by exploring how the international congress operated as both a social scientific technology and a diplomatic forum that emerged from this short-lived world of amateur social science and diplomacy. It argues that the exigencies of the international congress as a social scientific space forced it to take on diplomatic and political functions that both imprinted a logic of comparability onto the burgeoning international diplomatic system and also caused the eventual exclusion of non-European polities from the congresses. It engages with recent scholarship in history of science specifically to understand the international congress as a technology that mediated intellectual exchange and scientific communication. By examining the challenges posed by the inclusion of non-Western polities in such communication, it attempts to reveal the multiple global histories of the social sciences in the late nineteenth century.

Keywords

colonial sciencediplomacyintellectual exchangeinternational congressesprisonsocial science
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Global History , Volume 9 , Issue 1 , March 2014 , pp. 72 - 93
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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Footnotes

*

I would like to thank Theodore M. Porter, Mary D. Lewis, the editors of this journal, and many others for their helpful comments and suggestions on earlier and later drafts of this article.

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