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Two mechanisms of modulation of very-large-scale motions by inertial particles in open channel flow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2019

G. Wang Open the ORCID record for G. Wang [Opens in a new window]  and
D. H. Richter Open the ORCID record for D. H. Richter [Opens in a new window]
G. Wang
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
D. H. Richter*
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

Very-large-scale motions (VLSMs) and large-scale motions (LSMs) coexist at moderate Reynolds numbers in a very long open channel flow. Direct numerical simulations two-way coupled with inertial particles are analysed using spectral information to investigate the modulation of VLSMs. In the wall-normal direction, particle distributions (mean/preferential concentration) exhibit two distinct behaviours in the inner flow and outer flow, corresponding to two highly anisotropic turbulent structures, LSMs and VLSMs. This results in particle inertia’s non-monotonic effects on the VLSMs: low inertia (based on the inner scale) and high inertia (based on the outer scale) both strengthen the VLSMs, whereas moderate and very high inertia have little influence. Through conditional tests, low- and high-inertia particles enhance VLSMs following two distinct routes. Low-inertia particles promote VLSMs indirectly through the enhancement of the regeneration cycle (the self-sustaining mechanism of LSMs) in the inner region, whereas high-inertia particles enhance the VLSM directly through contribution to the Reynolds shear stress at similar temporal scales in the outer region. This understanding also provides more general insight into inner–outer interaction in high-Reynolds-number, wall-bounded flows.

JFM classification

Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Particle/fluid flow Turbulent Flows: Turbulence simulation
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 868 , 10 June 2019 , pp. 538 - 559
Copyright
© 2019 Cambridge University Press 

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Wang and Richter supplementary movie

An animation of (top-left) flow field and the movement of same number particles with different Stokes number. (top-right) case2; (bottom-left) case3; (bottom-right) case5. The coordinate z represents for wall-normal direction and y represents for spanwise direction in the animation whereas y represents for wall-normal direction and z represents for spanwise direction in the paper.

Download Wang and Richter supplementary movie(Video)
Video 46.6 MB