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Turbulent acidic jets and plumes injected into an alkaline environment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 October 2013

H. Ülpre ,
I. Eames  and
A. Greig
H. Ülpre
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
I. Eames*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
A. Greig
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

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The characteristics of an acidic turbulent jet and plume injected into an alkaline environment are examined theoretically and experimentally. Fluid-flow and chemistry models are combined to understand how the concentration of acid in a parcel of fluid changes as it reacts with alkaline fluid entrained from the ambient. The resulting model is tested in an experimental study in which nitric acid jets or plumes are injected into a large tank containing a variety of alkaline substances. A video camera records a pH-sensitive dye in the jet or plume, which changes colour with variations in the pH. The results were time averaged and processed to measure distance from the source to the point of neutralization. The agreement between predictions and observations of neutralization distances is good, confirming that the model captures the salient physics of the problem. Using empirically determined titration curves, a combined fluid flow and chemistry model is applied to discuss the environmental implications of a warm acidic turbulent plume injected into an alkaline river or sea.

JFM classification

Wakes/Jets: Jets Convection: Plumes/thermals Reacting Flows: Turbulent reacting flows
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 734 , 10 November 2013 , pp. 253 - 274
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
The online version of this article is published within an Open Access environment subject to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution licence .
Copyright
©2013 Cambridge University Press.

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